Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been demonstrated to provide immediate relief of oesophageal cancer patients' re-obstruction and extend their lifespan. However, tumour regrowth may occur after PDT due ...to enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Previous research has confirmed the inhibitory effect of Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on aerobic glycolysis. Therefore, the current study intends to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of DHA targeting tumour cell aerobic glycolysis in synergia PDT. The combined treatment significantly suppressed glycolysis in vitro and in vivo compared to either monotherapy. Exploration of the mechanism through corresponding experiments revealed that pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was downregulated in treated cells, whereas overexpression of PKM2 nullified the inhibitory effects of DHA and PDT. This study proposes a novel therapeutic strategy for oesophageal cancer through DHA-synergized PDT treatment, targeting inhibit PKM2 to reduce tumour cell proliferation and metastasis.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
The development of insects is critically affected by temperature, which therefore plays an important role in the control of stored grain pests. Extreme temperature stress conditions lead to ...biological responses in mites, such as the synthesis of heat shock proteins.
Tyrophagus putrescentiae
(
Tp
) is a pest mite in stored grain that has negative effects on both economy and health. Since
T. putrescentiae
population dynamics are strongly influenced by temperature, in the present study we have cloned the cDNA of
HSP70
and
HSP90
(referred to as
TpHSP70-1
,
TpHSP70-2
and
TpHSP90
) and determined their expression by fluorescence real time quantitative PCR.
TpHSP70
and
TpHSP90
showed high homology with similar genes in other species and the open reading frames of
TpHSP70-1, TpHSP70-2
and
TpHSP90
encoded proteins of 665, 661 and 718 amino acid residues, respectively. Under thermal stress, expression of
TpHsp70-1
and
TpHsp90
was up-regulated at higher temperatures, suggesting their role in the defense against thermal stress.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The relationship between tumor metabolism and immunity is complex and diverse. To date, the role of tumor-specific metabolic reprogramming in shaping the specific tumor microenvironment in tumor ...immunotherapy remains unclear. Lactic acid is the main product of glycolysis, and the aerobic glycolysis of tumor cells causes lactic acid to accumulate in the microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment hinders anti-tumor immunity, especially affects the function, differentiation, and metabolism of immune cells, and participates in tumor immune escape, thus promoting tumor. This article reviews the effects of lactate accumulation in the tumor microenvironment on dendritic cells, T cells, NK cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Targeted intervention of lactate production and efflux by tumor cells is expected to become a new strategy for tumor immunotherapy.
This study investigated the impact of different preheat treatments on the emulsifying and gel textural properties of soy protein with varying 11S/7S ratios. A mixture of 7S and 11S globulins, ...obtained from defatted soybean meal, was prepared at different ratios. The mixed proteins were subjected to preheating (75 °C, 85 °C, and 95 °C for 5 min) or non-preheating, followed by spray drying or non-spray drying. The solubility of protein mixtures rich in the 7S fraction tended to decrease significantly after heating at 85 °C, while protein mixtures rich in the 11S fraction showed a significant decrease after heating at 95 °C. Surprisingly, the emulsion stability index (ESI) of protein mixtures rich in the 7S fraction significantly improved twofold during processing at 75 °C. This study revealed a negative correlation between the emulsifying ability of soy protein and the 11S/7S ratio. For protein mixtures rich in either the 7S or the 11S fractions, gelling proprieties as well as emulsion activity index (EAI) and ESI showed no significant changes after spray drying; however, surface hydrophobicity was significantly enhanced following heating at 85 °C post-spray drying treatment. These findings provide insights into the alterations in gelling and emulsifying properties during various heating processes, offering great potential for producing soy protein ingredients with enhanced emulsifying ability and gelling property. They also contribute to establishing a theoretical basis for the standardized production of soy protein isolate with specific functional characteristics.
Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (caspase)‐6 belongs to the caspase family and plays a vital role in mediating cell death. Under certain conditions, three pathways of programmed cell death ...(PCD), including apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis (PANoptosis), transform one way into another, with enormous therapeutic potential. Initially, scholars reported that caspase‐6 is a caspase executor that mediates apoptosis. With the ceaseless exploration of the PCD types, studies have demonstrated that caspase‐6 mediates pyroptosis by regulating gasdermin D and mediates necroptosis by regulating mixed lineage kinase domain‐like. By regulating PANoptosis, caspase‐6 plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis in humans and mediates anti‐tumour immunity. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of caspase‐6 function in cancer via PANoptosis is important for the prevention and therapy of tumours. This article summarized the function of caspase‐6 in PANoptosis and its impact on cancer development, providing targets and strategies for tumour treatment.
Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (caspase)‐6 belongs to the caspase family and plays a vital role in mediating cell death. Under certain conditions, three pathways of programmed cell death (PCD), including apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis (PANoptosis), transform one way into another, with enormous therapeutic potential. Initially, scholars reported that caspase‐6 is a caspase executor that mediates apoptosis.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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•3D Bi2S3 composed of Bi2S3 nanosheets is prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method.•PVP capped 3D Bi2S3 shows excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light.•PVP can efficiently ...enhance the photocatalytic performance of 3D Bi2S3.•Photodegradation rate for RhB by 3D Bi2S3 reaches 93.9% in 30 min.•Photoreducing rate for Cr(VI) by 3D Bi2S3 reaches 95.2% in 5 min.
Exploitation of novel photocatalysts for highly efficient degradation of organic dyes and reduction of hexavalent chromium is of significance to reduce environmental pollution. Herein, a novel three-dimensional flower-like Bi2S3 nanocrystals composed of two-dimensional Bi2S3 nanosheets were prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (Mw = 1300000) as a capping agent. The experimental results show that polyvinyl pyrrolidone has evident enhanced effect on the photocatalytic performance of Bi2S3, and the polyvinyl pyrrolidone modified three-dimensional Bi2S3 (Bi2S3-1) displays extraordinary catalytic activity for photodegradation of rhodamine B and photoreduction of Cr(VI) under visible light. The rates of photodegradating rhodamine B and photoreducing Cr(VI) with Bi2S3-1 can reach 93.9% in 30 min (k = 0.07675 min−1) and 95.2% in 5 min (k = 0.47351 min−1), respectively. The photocatalytic performance of polyvinyl pyrrolidone modified three-dimensional Bi2S3 is much better than those of previously reported bismuth-based nanostructures. This work provides a new insight into the development of inorganic photocatalysts for both degradation of organic dyes and reduction of heavy metal ions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
YccA is a hydrophobic protein with seven transmembrane domains. The function of YccA is largely unknown in pathogenic bacteria. Edwardsiella piscicide (formerly known as E. tarda) is an aquatic ...pathogen that can infect various economically important fish, including flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In this study, we investigated the role of YccA in E. piscicida by the construction of a mar
kerless yccA in-frame mutant strain, TX01ΔyccA. We found that (i) in comparison to the wild type TX01, TX01ΔyccA exhibited markedly compromised tolerance to high temperature and tobramycin; (ii) deletion of yccA significantly impaired the integrity of the cell membrane and retarded bacterial biofilm formation and mobility; (iii) deficiency of yccA reduced bacterial adhesion and invasion of fish cells and immune tissues, while the introduction of a trans-expressed yccA gene restored the lost virulence of TX01ΔyccA; and (iv) host immune responses induced by TX01 and TX01ΔyccA were different in terms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and expression levels of cytokines. Taken together, the results of our study indicate that YccA is a novel virulence factor of E. piscicida, and YccA is essential for bacterial pathogenicity through evasion of the host's innate immune functions.
•TX01ΔyccA exhibited markedly compromised tolerance to high temperature and tobramycin.•Deletion of yccA tremendously impaired the integrity of cell membrane and retarded bacterial biofilm growth and mobility.•Deficiency of yccA reduced bacterial adhesion and invasion to fish non-phagocyte cells and immune tissues.•Deletion of yccA influenced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression levels of cytokines.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•3D crescent-like SnS nanocrystals were prepared by a simple one-pot hydrothermal method.•Rarely high molecular weight of PVP (Mw = 1300000) was employed as surface agent.•PVP capped ...3D SnS nanocrystals exhibited superior adsorption ability to remove cationic dyes.•PVP has evidently enhanced effect on the adsorption performance of 3D SnS.
With using Sn2+ as tin source, l-cysteine as sulphur source and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP, Mw = 1300000) as surfactant, a novel three-dimensional and crescent-like SnS nanocrystal (NCs) was successfully synthesized in a one-pot hydrothermal method. The as-prepared SnS NCs displayed uniform crescent-like morphological structure, and demonstrated excellent efficiency for the adsorption of cationic dyes such as rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB). Kinetic analysis indicated that the adsorption process followed the pseudo second-order model, and the maximum capacity of the SnS NCs to adsorb MB was determined by Langmuir equation to be 252 mg⋅g−1 at 298 K. The pH dependence of SnS NCs on the adsorption of cationic dyes and the characterization of zeta potential jointly suggested the existence of electrostatic attraction in the process. Overall, this study showed that electrostatic field of functional groups and the capping of PVP could significantly enhance the adsorption performance of the SnS NCs, and also provides a novel insight into the development of highly efficient inorganic adsorbents for cationic dyes.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract
Pollution by organic dyes has received extensive attention due to their high toxicity, biohazard, and high stability in the natural environment, and the development of high‐efficiency dye ...degradation and heavy metal ion reduction technologies is urgently needed in photocatalysis. However, the interface microenvironment between catalyst and pollutant is often ignored, and the poor compatibility of the catalyst‐pollutant interface constrains further efficient catalysis. Herein, to improve the compatibility of the catalyst‐pollutant interface, a surfactant‐capping strategy for enhanced photocatalysis of rhodamine B (RhB) on one‐dimensional rod‐like Bi
2
S
3
nanocrystals was investigated. Specifically, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)‐capped Bi
2
S
3
(Bi
2
S
3
‐PVP) showed enhanced RhB degradation rate compared with pure Bi
2
S
3
, and further studies suggested enhanced reaction interface compatibility at the Bi
2
S
3
‐PVP‐RhB interface. This work provides an interface microenvironment modulation strategy for improving photocatalytic performance towards organic dyes.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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