Background/Aim
Published data about orofacial injuries and mouthguard use by professional handball players are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of orofacial trauma and ...mouthguard use in professional handball players.
Materials and Methods
Data were collected from 100 professional handball players through a questionnaire, which contained 17 questions about age, experience in playing handball, playing position, orofacial trauma experience during the past 12 months, type of injury and mouthguard use.
Results
Almost half (49%) of the interviewed players experienced head and/or facial trauma during the past year. The most common injuries were soft tissue lacerations (39.6%). Dental injuries occurred in 22% of the participants, with socket bleeding being the most frequent injury (14%). Of the affected teeth, 76.9% were upper incisors. Mouthguards had a statistically significant protective role regarding tooth fractures and tooth avulsion (P=.043). Players who wore a mouthguard had a 5.55 times less chance of suffering dental injuries. Almost 76% of dental injuries resulted in complications afterward. Sixty‐seven percentage of the players knew that mouthguards could prevent injuries, but only 28% used them regularly. Of the players who wore a mouthguard regularly, 76.9% were advised to do so by their dentists.
Conclusions
The incidence of head and orofacial injuries among professional handball players is high. Mouthguards prevented severe dental injuries such as tooth fracture and avulsion, but their use was still limited.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The aim of the study was to explore certain risk factors for trigeminal neuralgia (TN), assess the prevalence of misdiagnoses of TN made by primary care dentists, compare the treatment practice for ...TN at the Department of Oral Surgery with the guidelines, and the importance of interdisciplinary approach in TN treatment. The study included 237 patient records (70 men and 167 women, aged 5-91 years) referred to the Department under the diagnosis of TN. From their medical records, demographic data, referral diagnose, clinical diagnose, additional diagnostic procedures and treatment were analysed. Neuralgia of the trigeminal nerve affects predominantly elderly female population, while the impact of the season on the incidence of the disease has not been determined. The most common therapy used at the Department were blockades, carbamazepine or their combination. 63.3% patients were referred for further diagnostic tests following the first examination. The number of misdiagnosed cases referred by primary care dentists (33.6%) points that better training in diagnosing TN is needed for the dental practitioners. The treatment methods at the Department need to be harmonized with the latest guidelines on neuralgia treatment. Due to the complexity of etiological factors, an interdisciplinary approach is necessary.
As we are witnessing the evolution of social media (SM) use worldwide among the general population, the popularity of SM has also been embraced by health care professionals (HCPs). In the context of ...SM evolution and exponential growth of users, this scoping review summarizes recent findings of the e-professionalism of HCPs.
The purpose of this scoping review is to characterize the recent original peer-reviewed research studies published between November 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020, on e-professionalism of HCPs; to assess the quality of the methodologies and approaches used; to explore the impact of SM on e-professionalism of HCPs; to recognize the benefits and dangers of SM; and to provide insights to guide future research in this area.
A search of the literature published from November 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020, was performed in January 2021 using 3 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus). The searches were conducted using the following defined search terms: "professionalism" AND "social media" OR "social networks" OR "Internet" OR "Facebook" OR "Twitter" OR "Instagram" OR "TikTok." The search strategy was limited to studies published in English. This scoping review follows the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines.
Of the 1632 retrieved papers, a total of 88 studies were finally included in this review. Overall, the quality of the studies was satisfactory. Participants in the reviewed studies were from diverse health care professions. Medical health professionals were involved in about three-quarters of the studies. Three key benefits of SM on e-professionalism of HCPs were identified: (1) professional networking and collaboration, (2) professional education and training, and (3) patient education and health promotion. For the selected studies, there were five recognized dangers of SM on e-professionalism of HCPs: (1) loosening accountability, (2) compromising confidentiality, (3) blurred professional boundaries, (4) depiction of unprofessional behavior, and (5) legal issues and disciplinary consequences. This scoping review also recognizes recommendations for changes in educational curricula regarding e-professionalism as opportunities for improvement and barriers that influence HCPs use of SM in the context of e-professionalism.
Findings in the reviewed studies indicate the existence of both benefits and dangers of SM on e-professionalism of HCPs. Even though there are some barriers recognized, this review has highlighted existing recommendations for including e-professionalism in the educational curricula of HCPs. Based on all evidence provided, this review provided new insights and guides for future research on this area. There is a clear need for robust research to investigate new emerging SM platforms, the efficiency of guidelines and educational interventions, and the specifics of each profession regarding their SM potential and use.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To describe and compare social media (SM) use habits, and attitudes of medical and dental students toward e-professionalism and to determine their opinion on potentially unprofessional behavior and ...posts.
In this quantitative cross-sectional questionnaire study, students of the University of Zagreb School of Medicine and those of the School of Dental Medicine completed a survey-specific questionnaire on the use of SM, SM habits, and attitudes toward e-professionalism.
Of the 714 collected questionnaires, we analyzed 698 (411 from medical and 287 from dental students). The most commonly used SM were Facebook (99%) and Instagram (80.7%). Unprofessional content was recognized by both groups. Medical students significantly more frequently considered the posts containing patient photos (61% vs 89.8%; P<0.001), describing interaction with a patient not revealing any personal identifiable information (23% vs 41.8%; P<0.001), and containing critical comments about faculty (53% vs 39.7%; P=0.001) to be unprofessional. Dental medicine students were significantly more open to communication through SM (39.7% vs 16.3%; P<0.001), more often reported that they would accept (41.5% vs 12.2%; P<0.001), and had accepted (28.2% vs 5.6%; P<0.001) friend requests/follows/tracks from patients, and sent friend requests/follows/tracks to their patients (5.2% vs 1.2%; P=0.002).
Both groups were highly aware of e-professionalism. Dental students were more desensitized to visual representations of patients, and more prone to SM interactions with patients, which might expose them to the risk of unprofessional behavior.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Rascjep usne i nepca najčešći je prirođeni deformitet kraniofacijalne strukture. Orofacijalni rascjep znatno utječe na kvalitetu života – na estetiku, funkciju te na dentalni razvoj i rast lica, a ...ima i psihološki učinak. Glavni razlog za njegov nastanak jest nekompletno spajanje facijalnih nastavaka od četvrtog do desetog tjedna gestacije. Zatvara se alveolarnim koštanim presatkom kirurškim postupkom nazvanim osteoplastika, a zlatnim standardom smatra se autogena kost s kriste
ilijake. Presađivanje može biti podijeljeno u dvije faze: primarnu i sekundarnu. Defekt alveolarnog grebena obično se rekonstruira između sedme i jedanaeste godine i često je povezan s razvojem korijena maksilarnog očnjaka. Nakon uspješnog zahvata defekt rascjepa je zatvoren, ali nedostaje zub. Zatvaranje toga prostora ortodontskom terapijom uspješno je u 50 do 75 posto slučajeva. Ako to nije moguće, zub koji nedostaje može se nadomjestiti na tri načina: protetskim mostom, transplantacijom zuba i dentalnim implantatom. Dentalnom je implantatu zadatak držati protetski nadomjestak, prevenirati atrofiju kosti i zadržavati augmentacijski materijal u području rascjepa. Unatoč tomu što je autologna kost s kriste ilijake zlatni standard, nije idealni izbor za rekonstrukciju alveolarnog defekta. Kao alternativni koštani materijal može se upotrijebiti morfogenetski protein (BMP). U ovom članku želi se objasniti morfologija rascjepa, povijesna saznanja, kirurške tehnike i mogućnosti implantoprotetske rehabilitacije.
To evaluate the relationship between soft tissue and bone structure for Class III patients before and after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) and bimaxillary orthognathic surgery; to ...determine the impact of other factors on soft tissue change; and to evaluate correlations between thickness of tissue before surgery, SNA, SNB, and ANB angles, and soft tissue changes.
The study included 78 Class III patients treated only with BSSO or with BSSO and Le Fort I osteotomy. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and 3 months to 1 year after surgery. After all points of the Zagreb82 and Legan and Burstone profile analysis were traced, the ratio of five soft tissue points before and after surgery was evaluated.
Soft tissue between points Sn and A and upper lip showed statistically significant changes for patients treated with bimaxillary surgery and BSSO. Only gender had an influence on soft tissue change. The correlation between soft tissue thickness and changes after surgery was significant. A change in SNB angle correlated with upper lip thickness for patients treated with BSSO but not for patients treated with BSSO and Le Fort I. SNA angle changes correlated with soft tissue changes between points Sn and A.
Results of this study show soft tissue changes after BSSO and BSSO and Le Fort I and eliminate the deficiencies that were indicated in the meta-analysis of soft tissue changes from a previous study.
Cleft lip and palate is the most common congenital deformity affecting craniofacial structures. Orofacial clefts have great impact on the quality of life which includes aesthetics, function, ...psychological impact, dental development and facial growth. Incomplete fusion of facial prominences during the fourth to tenth week of gestation is the main cause. Cleft gaps are closed with alveolar bone grafts in surgical procedure called osteoplasty. Autogenic bone is taken from the iliac crest as the gold standard. The time of grafting can be divided into two stages: primary and secondary. The alveolar defect is usually reconstructured between 7 and 11 years and is often related to the development of the maxillary canine root. After successful osteoplasty, cleft defect is closed but there is still a lack of tooth. The space closure with orthodontic treatment has 50-75% success. If the orthodontic treatment is not possible, in order to replace the missing tooth there are three possibilities: adhesive bridgework, tooth transplantation and implants. Dental implant has the role of holding dental prosthesis, prevents pronounced bone atrophy and loads the augmentation material in the cleft area. Despite the fact that autologous bone from iliac crest is the gold standard, it is not a perfect source for reconstruction of the alveolar cleft. Bone morphogenic protein (BMP) is appropriate as an alternative graft material. The purpose of this review is to explain morphology of cleft defects, historical perspective, surgical techniques and possibilities of implant and prosthodontic rehabilitation.
To prospectively evaluate the incidence of change in light-touch sensation in the innervated area of the lower alveolar nerve after bilateral sagittal-split osteotomy (BSSO) with attention on the ...time it takes to rebuild the function of the inferior alveolar nerve.
The sample consisted of 30 women and 20 men with a mean age of 22.14 ± 3.30 years. The neurosensory test was conducted with a 20-mm long monofilament of suture material Prolene (3-0) connected to a plastic holder. These tests were performed 1 day before surgery and every 2 weeks during first 2 months after surgery. After that, patients were tested once every month until the end of the first year.
All patients had a disturbance of light-touch sensation after BSSO, but none of these changes was permanent. The average duration of hypoesthesia was 6.6 ± 1.2 with a range from 4 to 9 months. The average duration of hypoesthesia for women was 6.27 ± 1.0 months, and men had hypoesthesia for 7.1 ± 1.2 months on average. This difference was statistically significant. The two oldest female patients, who were 33 and 37 years old at the time of the surgery, experienced altered sensitivity for only 4 months.
After BSSO, all patients experienced disturbed light-touch sensation in the innervated area of the lower alveolar nerve. A faster recovery in the oldest patients and a statistically significant difference between the sexes should be interpreted with caution.
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of fixed orthodontic appliance on Streptococcus (S.) mutans and S. sobrinus counts in orthodontic patients with regard to their previous caries ...experience (Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index) during the first 12 weeks of orthodontic treatment. Twenty-two patients that satisfied inclusion criteria (healthy systemic and periodontal condition, avoidance of antibiotic therapy and antiseptic mouthwashes in the past three months) were included. All clinical measurements took place prior to and 12 weeks after fixed orthodontic appliance placement, in the following order: 1) stimulated saliva flow (SS); 2) Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S); and 3) DMFT. The method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the presence of S. mutans and S. sobrinus at T1 and T2. T-test showed significant increase in DMFT index and SS between T1 and T2. Results also indicated significant improvement in OHI-S index. By use of the PCR method, S. mutans was detected in two patients at T1. At T2, two more patients had S. mutans, but the increase was not statistically significant. Using the same method, S. sobrinus was detected only in two patients at T2. In conclusion, fixed orthodontic appliances did not induce statistically significant changes in caries microflora even in the presence of enhanced oral hygiene habits.
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