To investigate the correlation between functional performance and self-reported upper limb function and between these two functional measures and clinical measures of shoulder and trunk in overhead ...athletes with shoulder pain.
Cross-sectional study.
Laboratory.
Twenty-one volleyball and handball athletes (23.6 ± 3.7 years) with shoulder pain in the dominant limb.
Self-reported dominant upper limb function using Penn Shoulder Score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand; shoulder and trunk range of motion; isometric strength of shoulder, periscapular, and trunk muscles; endurance time of trunk muscles; and functional upper limb performance using the Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (UQYBT).
A moderate correlation was observed (r = 0.45–0.58; p < 0.05) between UQYBT performance and strength of serratus anterior, lower trapezius, trunk rotators, and trunk flexors. No significant correlation was observed between UQYBT performance and the other clinical measures of shoulder and trunk (r = 0.01–0.39, p > 0.05). Self-reported upper limb function was neither significantly correlated with clinical measures (r = 0.01–0.40, p > 0.05) nor with UQYBT performance (r = 0.02–0.19, p > 0.05).
We observed a correlation between UQYBT performance and strength of periscapular and trunk muscles.
•UQYBT performance is correlated with trunk and periscapular strength.•UQYBT performance is not correlated with self-reported upper-limb function.•Self-reported function is not correlated with clinical measures of shoulder and trunk.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Overhead sports overload the shoulder complex due to movement repetition and the great amount of force created during the athletic motion, which may cause adaptations in the shoulder and lead to ...shoulder pain. However, overhead movements include the kinetic chain, and alterations in some of the structures throughout the kinetic chain may increase stress on the shoulder complex and be associated with shoulder pain.
To compare kinetic chain components in overhead athletes with and without shoulder pain.
Forty-one volleyball and handball athletes (21 with and 20 without shoulder pain) were included and assessed for hip internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) range of motion (ROM), hip and trunk isometric strength, trunk endurance and neuromuscular control of the lower and upper limbs (Y balance test).
Athletes with shoulder pain showed smaller IR ROM in both hips, lower endurance time for trunk extensors and flexors, decreased reach distance in the anterior and posteromedial direction, as well as a smaller composite score in the Y balance test (p < 0.05).
Volleyball and handball athletes with shoulder pain showed changes in ROM throughout the kinetic chain in addition to lower core endurance, and decreased neuromuscular control of lower limbs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study aimed to analyze the use and land occupation considering the spatialization of precipitation in the hydrographic sub-basins (HS) in the northeast of the state of Mato Grosso. The data used ...to spatialize the mean accumulated rainfall in northeastern Mato Grosso considered the rainy season between October 1st and April 30th from 2016 to 2020. The isohyet map was obtained and stratified into three classes for discussion and data comparison. The delimitation of the HSs was carried out from a mosaic of images, generating a digital elevation model. To discuss the results, the mean accumulated rainfall isohyet map was superimposed on the HS map. Higher values of accumulated rainfall in the rainy season in northeastern Mato Grosso occur in its eastern portion in relatively lower altitudes, possibly related to the preference of the meteorological systems, which produces maximum (minimum) rainfall on the windward (leeward) of the mountains. In areas with a mean accumulated rainfall above 1,200, the occupations with forestry and grassland vegetation and managed pastures and agriculture add up to 49% and 23% of the total area, respectively. The study revealed that, in the northeast region of the state of Mato Grosso, the area occupied by the delimitation of the mean accumulated precipitation above 1,200 mm has 49% of its extension occupied with natural vegetation areas and 23% of its extension occupied with agricultural or livestock activities.
Tailings from iron mining are characterized by high concentrations of iron and manganese oxides, as well as high pH values. With these characteristics, most of the potentially toxic elements (PTE) ...contained in the tailings are somewhat unavailable. The aim of the present study was to evaluate how a reduction in the pH of iron mine tailings may affect PTE availabilities. The tailings were collected on the banks of the Gualaxo do Norte River (Mariana, MG, Brazil), one of the main areas impacted by the rupture of the Fundão Dam (Barragem de Fundão). A completely randomized experimental design was used, including five pH values (6.4, 5.4, 4.3, 3.7, and 3.4) and five replications. The concentrations of the PTE (Ba, Cr, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni, and Zn) were determined after extraction following different methodologies: USEPA 3051A, DTPA, Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3, and distilled water. A comparison of the available concentrations of the elements in the tailings with those in a soil not impacted by tailings shows that Cr, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ba, and Co were higher in the soil impacted by the tailings. The different methods used for evaluating the availability of PTE in the tailings at various pH exhibited the following decreasing order in relation to the quantity extracted: Mehlich-3 > Mehlich-1 > DTPA > distilled water. However, regarding sensitivity to change in pH, the order was DTPA > water > Mehlich-1 > Mehlich-3. The increases in the concentrations of PTE due to the reduction in the pH of the tailings did not lead to concentrations that exceed the limits of Brazilian regulations. The DTPA extractant exhibited higher coefficients of correlation between the PTE concentrations and the pH of the tailings, proving to be suitable for use in areas affected by the deposition of iron mine tailings.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In our previous work, we demonstrated that the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) prevented the impairment in vasopressin secretion and ...increased survival rate in septic rats. Additionally, we saw a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) levels in cerebroventricular spinal fluid (CSF), suggesting that the IL-1ra prevents apoptosis that seems to occur in vasopressinergic neurons. Here, we investigated the effect of IL-1ra pre-treatment on the sepsis-induced increase in oxidative stress markers in the hypothalamus of rats. The animals were pre-treated by an i.c.v. injection of IL-1ra (9 nmol) or vehicle (0.01 M PBS) before being subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or left as control (sham-operation or naive). After 4, 6, and 24 h, the animals were decapitated (
n
= 9/group) and the brain removed for hypothalamic tissue collection. Transcript and protein levels of IL-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-3, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot, respectively. Hypothalamic mRNA levels of all these genes were significantly (
P
< 0.005) increased at 4, 6, and 24 h CLP, as compared to sham-operated animals. IL-1ra pre-treatment in these CLP animals significantly decreased IL-1 gene expression at all time points and also of iNOS, caspase-3, and HIF-1α at 24 h when compared to vehicle-treated CLP animals. The effect of the pre-treatment on protein expression was most clearly seen for IL-1β and iNOS at 24 h. Our results showed that blocking the IL-1-IL-1r signaling pathway by central administration of an IL-1ra decreases hypothalamic oxidative stress markers during sepsis.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
This review was conducted to present the main neuroblastoma (NB) clinical characteristics and the most common genetic alterations present in these pediatric tumors, highlighting their impact in tumor ...cell aggressiveness behavior, including metastatic development and treatment resistance, and patients’ prognosis. The distinct three NB cell lineage phenotypes, S-type, N-type, and I-type, which are characterized by unique cell surface markers and gene expression patterns, are also reviewed. Finally, an overview of the most used NB cell lines currently available for in vitro studies and their unique cellular and molecular characteristics, which should be taken into account for the selection of the most appropriate model for NB pre-clinical studies, is presented. These valuable models can be complemented by the generation of NB reprogrammed tumor cells or organoids, derived directly from patients’ tumor specimens, in the direction toward personalized medicine.
Neurofibromatoses (NF) are a group of genetic multiple tumor growing predisposition diseases: neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and schwannomatosis (SCH), which have in ...common the neural origin of tumors and cutaneous signs. They affect nearly 80 thousand of Brazilians. In recent years, the increased scientific knowledge on NF has allowed better clinical management and reduced complication morbidity, resulting in higher quality of life for NF patients. In most cases, neurology, psychiatry, dermatology, clinical geneticists, oncology and internal medicine specialists are able to make the differential diagnosis between NF and other diseases and to identify major NF complications. Nevertheless, due to its great variability in phenotype expression, progressive course, multiple organs involvement and unpredictable natural evolution, NF often requires the support of neurofibromatoses specialists for proper treatment and genetic counseling. This Part 1 offers step-by-step guidelines for NF differential diagnosis. Part 2 will present the NF clinical management.
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