Suprahyoid muscle activation and tongue pressure force play a critical role for swallowing function. In addition, dysphagia limit is one of most important factors indicating swallowing efficiency. ...The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 8-week training sessions of three different exercises including chin tuck against resistance (CTAR), Shaker exercises and chin tuck exercise with theraband on suprahyoid muscle activity, anterior tongue pressure and dysphagia limit in healthy subjects. Thirty-six healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 40 years who scored below 3 points from Turkish version of Eating Assessment Tool (T-EAT-10) were included in the study, and all participants were divided into three groups randomly. Maximal suprahyoid muscle activations and dysphagia limit of participants were assessed by superficial electromyography. CTAR and chin tuck exercise with theraband increased the maximum suprahyoid muscle activation (
p
1
= 0.004,
p
2
= 0.018), whereas Shaker exercise did not increase maximal suprahyoid muscle activation (
p
= 0.507) after exercise training. CTAR and chin tuck exercise with theraband increased tongue pressure (
p
1
= 0.045,
p
2
= 0.041), while Shaker exercise did not increase anterior tongue pressure (
p
= 0.248). There was no statistically significant difference in dysphagia limits in three groups between before and after exercise training (
p
> 0.05). As a result, although CTAR seems to be the most effective exercise in most parameters, chin tuck exercise with theraband can also be used as an alternative to CTAR to improve suprahyoid muscle activity and tongue pressure.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the Turkish Eating Assessment Tool (T-EAT-10) among patients with swallowing disorders. One hundred and five patients completed ...the T-EAT-10 and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). The internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and criterion validity of T-EAT-10 were investigated. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value with 95 % confidence intervals was calculated for test–retest reliability. The criterion validity of the T-EAT-10 was determined by assessing the correlation between T-EAT-10 and FOIS. All the patients in the study completed the T-EAT-10 without assistance. The mean time to complete the instrument was 1.8 ± 0.9 min. The internal consistency of the T-EAT-10 was found to be high with 0.90 Cronbach’s alpha for test and 0.91 Cronbach’s alpha for retest reproducibility. No difference between the test and retest scores of the T-EAT-10 was found (
p
= 0.14). A negative, moderate correlation between T-EAT-10 and FOIS was detected (
r
= −0.365,
p
< 0.001). The T-EAT-10 is a reliable and valid symptom-specific outcome tool for dysphagia in adult Turkish patients. It can be used in clinical practice and research.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
ABSTRACT
Introduction
We investigated and compared the effects of 2 different types of upper extremity exercise training on upper extremity function, strength, endurance, and ambulation in patients ...with early‐stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
Methods
The study group (n = 12) exercised with an arm ergometer under the supervision of a physiotherapist, whereas the control group (n = 12) underwent a strengthening range‐of‐motion (ROM) exercise program under the supervision of their families at home for 8 weeks. Upper extremity functional performance, strength, endurance, and ambulatory status were assessed before and after the training.
Results
Ambulation scores, endurance, and arm functions, as well as proximal muscle strength, were improved after the training in the study group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
These results demonstrate that upper extremity training with an arm ergometer is more effective in preserving and improving the functional level of early‐stage DMD patients compared to ROM exercises alone. Muscle Nerve 51:697–705, 2015
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective
To explore the effects of aerobic training adding to home-based exercise program on motor function and muscle architectural properties in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Design
...This is a prospective randomized controlled study.
Setting
Pediatric neuromuscular clinic in a tertiary care center.
Subjects
Children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Interventions
Children were randomly divided into two groups whereby 12-weeks aerobic training was additionally given in treatment group in contrast to the control group which received only home-based exercise program.
Main Measures
Motor Function Measure and Six Minute Walk Test were used for clinical evaluation, and muscle architectural properties (thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length) were measured by ultrasound imaging. Both groups were assessed at baseline and after 12-weeks of training.
Results
Median age of children was 7.9 years in the treatment group and 8.6 years in the control group (p > 0.05). Significant improvements were obtained for Motor Function Measure and Six Minute Walk Test from baseline to 12-weeks in the treatment group; Motor Function Measure total score changed from 83.2 (6.1) to 86.9 (4.0) vs. 82.3 (10.2) to 80.4 (9.4) points in the control group (p = 0.006); 6 Minute Walk Test distance changed from 395.3 (46.6) to 413.0 (52.3) vs. 421.7 (64.4) to 393.8 (68.2) meters in the control group (p < 0.001). However, muscle architectural parameters did not change during study period (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Aerobic training may be of additional value in improving motor function and performance with no remarkable effect on muscle architectural properties.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is one of the non-invasive techniques, which is used to modulate cortical regions in patients with stroke. The aim of this single blind, controlled ...study was to investigate the effect of rTMS on swallowing function and quality of life of mono-hemispheric post-stroke patients with dysphagia. Twenty-eight patients were randomized and split between study and control group. Each group received conventional dysphagia rehabilitation 3 days a week for 4 weeks, and study group also received 1 Hz rTMS to unaffected hemisphere in the final week. The descriptive information was noted. The clinical and radiological swallowing evaluation and quality of life assessment have been performed at four different times including before and after the treatment, 1 month and 3 months after the treatment. At baseline, no significant differences were observed between groups in terms of demographic and clinical features (
p
> 0.05). Swallowing function and quality of life of the patients were statistically improved in both groups towards the third month (
p
< 0.05). Swallowing function was comparable between two groups. However, a significant improvement was observed on appetite, fear of eating, and mental health parameters of quality of life assessment in the study group compared to the control group (
p
< 0.05). In conclusion, despite positive changes in some aspects of quality of life, rTMS did not enhance the swallowing function when compared conventional dysphagia rehabilitation. Therefore, the application of 1 Hz rTMS should be reconsidered to improve swallowing function in the chronic period.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
In this study, novel 4-(5-((2/3/4-substituted benzyl)thio)-4-(4-substituted phenyl)-4
-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2-(pyridin-3/4-yl)thiazoles were synthesized following a multi-step synthetic procedure. All ...the compounds were screened with a panel of gram positive/negative bacteria, yeasts, and molds for antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion method. Then, the minimum inhibitor concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of active compounds were determined against
,
,
, and
using the broth microdilution technique. These compounds were also screened for their inhibitory activities against
DNA gyrase by supercoiling assay. Furthermore, the crystal structure of
DNA gyrase B ATPase was subjected to a docking experiment to identify the possible interactions between the most active ligand and the active site. Lastly, the
technique was performed to analyze and predict the drug-likeness, molecular and ADME properties of the synthesized molecules.
We aimed to investigate anxiety level of caregivers of neurological patients with dysphagia, and the relationship of patient-related factors to anxiety level of dysphagia caregivers. A total of 103 ...adult neurological patients with dysphagia (study group), 30 without dysphagia (control group), and their primary caregivers were included. Types of feeding, condition of dependency in eating and drinking, dysphagia duration, and history of previous dysphagia treatment were recorded for study group. In study group, the Turkish version of the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (T-EAT-10) was used to determine dysphagia symptom severity. Penetration and aspiration severity was determined with the penetration–aspiration scale (PAS). The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) that has two subscales including state anxiety (S-STAI) and trait anxiety (T-STAI) was used to determine anxiety level of caregivers. There was no difference between groups in terms of age, gender, weight, and height. The mean S-STAI was 42.56 ± 10.10 for the study group and 29.20 ± 6.64 for the control group (
p
< 0.001). The mean T-STAI was 44.81 ± 8.98 for the study group and 29.37 ± 6.46 for the control group (
p
< 0.001). Significant correlation was detected between only T-STAI and history of previous dysphagia treatment (
p
= 0.01,
r
= 0.25). No correlation was found between STAI (in terms of both S-STAI and T-STAI) and T-EAT-10, PAS, types of feeding, condition of dependency in eating and drinking, dysphagia duration (
p
> 0.05). Caregivers of neurological patients with dysphagia have greater anxiety level than caregivers of neurological patients without dysphagia.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Objective
The aims of this study were (a) to examine the surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitude values of the lower limb muscles during stair climbing both between different functional levels of ...Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), in comparison with healthy children, and (b) to investigate the relationships between sEMG amplitudes and physical performance.
Methods
sEMG amplitudes of the lower limbs of twenty-one children with DMD between levels I and III according to the Brooke Lower Extremity Functional Classification Scale and eleven healthy peers were evaluated by using sEMG during stair climbing task. Physical performance was evaluated by 6-min walk test and ascending 4-step timed performance test.
Results
The lower limb sEMG amplitude values of children with DMD were statistically higher than healthy children (
p
< 0.001). sEMG amplitudes of the right (
p
= 0.01) and left (
p
= 0.003) biceps femoris, the right (
p
< 0.001) and left (
p
= 0.001) gastrocnemius medialis, and the right vastus lateralis (
p
= 0.02) muscles were higher in children with levels 2–3 than those in level 1. Moderate-to-strong relations were found between the gastrocnemius medialis and biceps femoris sEMG amplitudes and physical performance assessments (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Increased sEMG amplitude values in the lower limbs during stair climbing task are thought to be caused by the effort to compensate for progressive muscle weakness and are associated with lower physical performance in children with DMD. Further, sEMG amplitude values are determined to increase as the functional level deteriorates.
Clinical trial registration number and URL
NCT04287582 (
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04287582?term=merve+bora&draw=2&rank=1
).
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
ABSTRACT
Background:
Muscle imaging methods such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have been used for many years to determine the dystrophic process in muscular dystrophies. However, the ...knowledge regarding muscle architecture in children at early-stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with different functional levels is limited.
Objective:
To explore the effect of functional level on muscle architectural properties in children with early stage DMD and the difference between DMD and typically developing (TD) peers.
Methods:
Thirty children with DMD (15 Grade 1 and 15 Grade 2 according to the Vignos Scale) and 5 TD peers were included. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle (PA) of vastus lateralis (VL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles bilaterally.
Results:
The MT and FL values for VL, and MT, FL and PA values for MG muscles were higher in children with DMD compared with those of TD peers (p<0.05). The FL of VL, and MT and FL of GM muscles of children with DMD Grade 2 were higher than those of children with DMD Grade 1 (p<0.05).
Conclusions:
MT and FL are increased in children with DMD compared with TD peers. Additionally, muscle architecture seems to be affected even at the early stages of the disease.
A sedentary lifestyle has negative effects on many aspects of life.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of physical activity on sleep quality, job satisfaction, and quality of life in ...office workers.
A convenience sample of office workers from administrative staff of a university was included. There were two groups; Group I did regular physical activity for at least eight weeks, and Group II did no regular physical activity. Sleep quality, job satisfaction, and quality of life were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life-Scale (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively.
Group I included 59 individuals and Group II 50 individuals. No significant differences were found between groups in terms of age, height, weight, and the period of time worked (p > 0.05). Although no significant difference was found in terms of sleep quality (p = 0.52), the overall job satisfaction of Group I was higher than Group II (p = 0.03). All subscales of the WHOQOL-BREF for Group I was higher than Group II (p < 0.05).
Regular physical activity could increase job satisfaction and quality of life for office workers. Further studies investigating the effect of physical activity in terms of its type, duration should be performed.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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