Neka su od temeljnih pitanja koja otvaramo ovim tekstom ona o ulozi kustosa i umjetnika u sustavu suvremene umjetnosti na početku njezine polustoljetne povijesti i u najnovije doba, kao i o ...sličnostima i razlikama između kustoskog i umjetničkog rada: kustoskog rada kao institucionalne kritike u slučaju Želimira Koščevića ili umjetničke prakse kao „društvenog inženjeringa” u slučaju izložbe Davida Maljkovića. Prva je „konceptualna izložba”, kao i prvi primjer konceptualne kustoske prakse u domaćem kontekstu, Izložba žena i muškaraca održana u Galeriji Studentskog centra u Zagrebu 1969., čiji je kustos bio Želimir Koščević, ujedno tadašnji voditelj galerije. U praznu „bijelu kocku” galerije publika ulazi i postaje „tijelo” izložbe, pozvana na interakciju, druženje i razgovor. Drugi primjer neokonceptualne izložbe, odnosno fenomena konceptualizacije izložbe i njezina postava, ali i arhitekture izložbenog postava, nalazimo u izložbi S kolekcijom umjetnika Davida Maljkovića u Muzeju moderne i suvremene umjetnosti u Rijeci 2020. Dokidajući normativne načine prezentacije i interpretacije umjetničkih djela, djela iz muzejske kolekcije Maljković izlaže zbijena i iznad motrišta promatrača te tako uistinu izlaže publiku, „kolektiv, a ne kolekciju”. Važni su aspekti teme pitanje značenja izlaganja nekad i sad, kao i nekadašnje i sadašnje društvene i obrazovne uloge javnih izložbenih institucija.
Kao dio rasprave formirane oko pokreta Black Lives Matter 2021. godine osnovana je inicijativa Chicago Monuments Project sa zadatkom propitivanja značenja umjetnosti u javnom prostoru, njezine uloge, ...poruke, forme i medija. Rasprava je zatvorena u ljeto 2022. godine, a dijelom se ticala ideološke pozadine para skulptura Indijanaca Ivana Meštrovića, oblikovanih u New Yorku i Zagrebu 1926. i 1927., a postavljenih 1928. godine u javni prostor grada Chicaga. U medijima su dominirale izjave Dalibora Prančevića i Barbare Vujanović, poznavatelja Meštrovićeva opusa i moderne skulpture u Hrvatskoj, koji su Indijance “branili” s obzirom na njihove formalne kvalitete te bivanje dijelom hrvatske nacionalne umjetnosti, vezujući ih i za širi urbanistički kontekst Chicaga te sagledavajući uvjete i okolnosti njihova postavljanja u javni prostor toga grada, a s druge su strane Nikola Vukobratović i Ivana Hanaček temi pristupali iz vizure postkolonijalnih studija, prema kojoj promicanje narativa o nadmoći i moralnoj superiornosti bijele rase podrazumijeva predstavljanje netočnih i/ili ponižavajućih karakterizacija Indijanaca. Ponajprije je rasprava vođena o tome predstavljaju li Indijanci selektivan i jednostrani pogled na američku povijest te prikazuju li karikaturalno i stereotipno američke starosjedioce, u napetosti između dva suprotstavljena mišljenja stručnjaka i javnosti. Postkolonijalna teorija u središtu svog interesa ima odnos kolonizatora i koloniziranog, kolonijalnog i postkolonijalnog u prošlosti i sadašnjosti, a u slučaju Indijanaca rasprava se ticala homogeniziranih stereotipnih predodžaba o drugima i suptilne konstrukcije subjekata iz skupine antitetično postavljene spram dominantnih pozicija, o kojoj se konstruiraju stereotipi i koje se tim stereotipima poima. Problemski fokus ovog rada je usporedna analiza recepcije skulptura od njihova nastanka do danas.
As part of the debate centering on the Black Lives Matter movement, the Chicago Monuments Project Commission was established in 2021, with the task of reviewing the meaning of public art, its role, message, form and medium. The discussion concluded in the summer of 2022, and it touched upon the ideological background of the pair of Indian sculptures by Ivan Meštrović, made in New York and Zagreb in 1926 and 1927, and erected in the public space of the city of Chicago in 1928. Statements by Dalibor Prančević and Barbara Vujanović, experts on Meštrović’s work and modern sculpture in Croatia, dominated the media coverage. Prančević and Vujanović “defended” the Indians because of their formal qualities and for being part of Croatian national art, relating them to the wider urban context of Chicago and considering the conditions and the circumstances of their placement in Chicago’s public space. In contrast, Nikola Vukobratović and Ivana Hanaček approached the issue from the point of view of postcolonial studies, according to which the promotion of narratives about white race supremacy and moral superiority means presenting inaccurate and/or humiliating characterizations of Native Americans. The discussion primarily revolved around whether the Indians present a selective and one-sided view of American history and whether they caricature and stereotype Native Americans, riding on the tension between the opposing opinions of the experts and the general public. Postcolonial theory primarily deals with the relationship between the colonizer and the colonized, the colonial and the postcolonial in the past and the present, and in the case of the Indians, the discussion concerned homogenized stereotypical images of others and the subtle construction of subjects from the point of view of a group antithetical to the dominant position, about which stereotypes are constructed and which is understood through these stereotypes. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the reception of the sculptures from their creation until the present day.
Destinacija: bezimena, izložba Nadije Mustapić i Tonija Meštrovića u mediju billboarda (2017.) i plakat za predstavu Fine mrtve djevojke u režiji Dalibora Matanića (Gavella, Zagreb, 2013.) primjeri ...su djela umjetnosti u javnom prostoru (fotografije na standardnom oglasnom mjestu u formatu billboard plakata) i djela dizajna u javnom prostoru (podjednako grada i masovnih medija, u formatu kazališnog plakata) u kontekstu nacionalnih vizualnih umjetnosti u suvremeno doba. S ovim sam primjerima povezala tri teme: 1. Agamben dispozitiv koji nastaje iz jukstapozicije ili interpenetracije odnosa moći (na primjer kroz guvernementalizam) i odnosa znanja (diskurzivnih i nediskurzivnih), prakse umjetnosti sagledava kao formacije odnosa moći. 2. Sažimanje vremena prema Agambenu osiromašuje, ispražnjava kulturalne znakove, pretvarajući ih u „nulte znakove“ ili „slabe znakove“. Boris Groys zamjećuje da takvi „slabi“ znakovi trijumfiraju nad snažnim i „moćnim“ znakovima našeg vremena, onima autoriteta, tradicije, moći, ali i onim snažnim znakovima pobune, strasti, heroizma. 3. „Loša slika“ u smislu u kojemu taj termin koristi Hito Steyerl (engl. „Poor Image“) u mreži digitalnih medija masovno dijeljene i reproducirane slike.
Destination: Unnamed, the exhibition in the billboard medium by Nadija Mustapić and Toni Meštrović (2017), is an example of art in public space (photographs in a standard advertising space in the ...format of a billboard poster), whereas the poster for the theatre play Fine Dead Girls, directed by Dalibor Matanić (Gavella, Zagreb, 2013), is the work of design in public space (of both the city and the mass media, in the format of a theatre poster) in the context of national visual arts of today. With these examples I have connected the following subjects: 1. Agamben’s dispositive, derived from the juxtaposition or the interpenetration of relations of power (for example, through governantism) and relations of knowledge (discursive and non-discursive ones), which perceives art practices as formations of the relations of power. 2. Compression of time impoverishes, depletes cultural signs, transforming them into “zero signs” or “weak signs,” according to Agamben. Boris Groys notes that such “weak” signs triumph over the strong and “powerful” signs of our time, those of authority, tradition, power, but also over the powerful ones of rebellion, passion, heroism. 3. “Poor image,” in the sense this term is used by Hito Steyerl (in her text „In Defence of the Poor Image,“ 2009) when referring to the mass-distributed and reproduced image in the digital media network.
Destination: Unnamed, the exhibition in the billboard medium by Nadija Mustapić and Toni Meštrović (2017), is an example of art in public space (photographs in a standard advertising space in the ...format of a billboard poster), whereas the poster for the theatre play Fine Dead Girls, directed by Dalibor Matanić (Gavella, Zagreb, 2013), is the work of design in public space (of both the city and the mass media, in the format of a theatre poster) in the context of national visual arts of today. With these examples I have connected the following subjects: 1. Agamben’s dispositive, derived from the juxtaposition or the interpenetration of relations of power (for example, through governantism) and relations of knowledge (discursive and non-discursive ones), which perceives art practices as formations of the relations of power. 2. Compression of time impoverishes, depletes cultural signs, transforming them into “zero signs” or “weak signs,” according to Agamben. Boris Groys notes that such “weak” signs triumph over the strong and “powerful” signs of our time, those of authority, tradition, power, but also over the powerful ones of rebellion, passion, heroism. 3. “Poor image,” in the sense this term is used by Hito Steyerl (in her text „In Defence of the Poor Image,“ 2009) when referring to the mass-distributed and reproduced image in the digital media network.
Rebecca Randall’s hybrid term “Ideoscape” refers to series of images relating to ideologies and anti-ideologies, for which will I seek to give examples in my text. A special theme is that of the ...truth-ness of images – in mass media (media-mediated reality), as opposed to the status of image in contemporary art where it is often used as a medium for anthropological or sociological mapping as well as archiving, according to Hal Foster’s 1990s definition of the Artist “as Ethnographer.” The theme of trauma in the picture is often associated with political or economic connotations of place, which affect the future of man and question the integrity and even sustainability of one’s body. The subnarrative of this text is the inability, impossibility of communication of the traumatized observer, the spectator who “returns from the battlefield” not richer but poorer in terms of communication experience – according to Walter Benjamin. My text is based on the media-mediated images of traumatic events, as well as the media-constructed reality (reality of media).
Rebecca Randall’s hybrid term “Ideoscape” refers to series of images relating to ideologies and anti-ideologies, for which will I seek to give examples in my text. A special theme is that of the ...truth-ness of images – in mass media (media-mediated reality), as opposed to the status of image in contemporary art where it is often used as a medium for anthropological or sociological mapping as well as archiving, according to Hal Foster’s 1990s definition of the Artist “as Ethnographer.” The theme of trauma in the picture is often associated with political or economic connotations of place, which affect the future of man and question the integrity and even sustainability of one’s body. The subnarrative of this text is the inability, impossibility of communication of the traumatized observer, the spectator who “returns from the battlefield” not richer but poorer in terms of communication experience – according to Walter Benjamin. My text is based on the media-mediated images of traumatic events, as well as the media-constructed reality (reality of media).
Danas se tehnološka bolnica transformira u 'otvorenu gradnju'. To označava njezinu sposobnost da se prilagodi promjeni prema prevladavajućem shvaćanju da kod tako složenih građevina poput bolnica one ...ne mogu biti planirane i građene kao da su programatski statične, već su ostavljane nedovršenima. Stoga je uputno rabiti vjerojatnosni pristup programu bolničke zgrade.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Tekst je formalna i stilska analiza rada suvremene hrvatske umjetnice Ivane Franke, a ukazuje i na aktualnu tendenciju interdisciplinarnog stvaranja umjetničkih i arhitektonskih projekata. Ivana ...Franke aktivizira i aproprira prostor site-specific umjetnošću, referencijalnom spram arhitektonskog konteksta. Pojavnost umjetničkog djela ovisi o motrištu gledatelja koji činom percepcije dovršava proces kreacije, što djelo čini ‘interaktivnim’.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
