Abstract
Motivation
CellDesigner is a well-established biological map editor used in many large-scale scientific efforts. However, the interoperability between the Systems Biology Graphical Notation ...(SBGN) Markup Language (SBGN-ML) and the CellDesigner’s proprietary Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) extension formats remains a challenge due to the proprietary extensions used in CellDesigner files.
Results
We introduce a library named cd2sbgnml and an associated web service for bidirectional conversion between CellDesigner’s proprietary SBML extension and SBGN-ML formats. We discuss the functionality of the cd2sbgnml converter, which was successfully used for the translation of comprehensive large-scale diagrams such as the RECON Human Metabolic network and the complete Atlas of Cancer Signalling Network, from the CellDesigner file format into SBGN-ML.
Availability and implementation
The cd2sbgnml conversion library and the web service were developed in Java, and distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0. The sources along with a set of examples are available on GitHub (https://github.com/sbgn/cd2sbgnml and https://github.com/sbgn/cd2sbgnml-webservice, respectively).
Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The developments in technology have caused many radical changes in the curriculum of architecture and engineering (a/e) disciplines. At the same time, generations and their personal characteristics ...are in continuous change that is shaping newer education techniques. In this context, this study is aimed to compare the educational perceptions of generations X, Y and Z for the advancements in the curriculum. For this purpose, a literature review concerning the technological advancements in education and characteristics of X, Y, and Z generations are demonstrated. Then, a survey was conducted on 160 respondents to differ the perceptions between these generations while considering the respondents’ educational and social-related features. Results of this study support that Information Technology (IT)-related education is insufficient for the upcoming generations who were born and grew in the digital age. Generation Y is the least satisfied with IT-related lectures and more affected by the movement of sustainability. The perceptions between the generations are found statistically different and solutions are offered for the upcoming generations. The outcomes of this study are expected to guide professionals in a/e education to better fulfill the expectations of the upcoming generations.
Biomimicry is a term to explain the use of genius in nature. It basically aims to use of resources in the most effective manner while satisfying human needs. Likewise, kinetic architecture ...implementations and biomimicry both tend to imitate the excellent mobility of nature and kinetic architecture implementations are somehow investigated in biomimicry studies. These two inspirational concepts of nature nested each other and were integrated over time contributing to the development of sustainable building system design. However, integration of biomimicry and kinetic architecture is essential to explain sustainable buildings and their certification systems. There is still lack of knowledge in the construction industry in terms of kinetic architecture and biomimicry practices since the concepts are dynamic and perceived to be complex by the industry practitioners. Moreover, traditional structure of the construction industry considering short term profits and project-based nature makes these concepts even more challenging for the projects. Hence, it is essential to apply strength, weakness, opportunity and threat (SWOT) analysis in biomimicry and kinetic architecture implementation so that construction industry practitioners might conduct projects more effectively and satisfy project requirements in sustainable building projects. Therefore, this study adopts SWOT as the research methodology and aims to guide construction professionals to better understand these concepts. Within this perspective, this study proposes five major strengths, namely the effective use of energy, higher prestige level, climate adaptation ability, enhancing comfort and higher value and rental costs, where weaknesses are higher initial or maintenance costs, lack of systems expertise, the need for coordination of different professions, special production requirements and complexity in design. Moreover, five major opportunities and threats are suggested as top management support, sustainability focused development strategy, technological improvements, the demand increase to the environmentally responsible buildings, incentives from the governmental bodies are opportunities; unfamiliar systems, system failures, difficulties in project financing, materials do not comply with standards, and market conditions, respectively. The study is expected to reinforce the link between the design and construction processes to apply the above-mentioned concepts in sustainable buildings.
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