In the present study chitosan (REVTMbio1) or Carbopol (REVTMbio2 and 3) coated niosomal timolol maleate (0.25%) formulations were prepared by reverse phase evaporation (REV) and compared to timolol ...solution (TMS; 0.25%) in terms of in vitro release and IOP lowering pharmacodynamic effect. The in vitro release phase of timolol (91% release in 2
h) was extended significantly by its incorporation into niosomes and further by the polymer coating (40–43% release upto 10
h). The developed formulations were evaluated for their pharmacodynamics in albino rabbits, by measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) using a non-contact pneumatonometer, and were compared to a marketed in situ gel forming solution of timolol (Timolet GFS, 0.5%; Sun Pharma). REVTMbio1 formulation showed a more sustained effect of upto 8
h (vis a vis 6
h for carbopol-coated niosomes). TMS in comparison showed effect for only 2
h though the peak effect was slightly more (14%). Lowering of IOP in the contralateral eye (20–40% as compared to 100% in case of TMS), considerably reduces with REV and REVbio formulations indicating lesser systemic side effects. Moreover, the results of REVTMbio1formulation containing 0.25% of timolol maleate compared well with the 0.5% marketed gel formulation, indicating our formulation to be significantly better considering that similar effect is obtained at half the concentration. The later becomes especially important in context to the cardiovascular side effects associated with ocular timolol maleate therapy.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Background
Reliable bonding between high strength ceramics and resin composite cement is difficult to achieve because of their chemical inertness and lack of silica content. The aim of this review ...was to assess the current literature describing methods for resin bonding to ceramics with high flexural strength such as glass‐infiltrated alumina and zirconia, densely sintered alumina and yttria‐partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline ceramic (Y‐TZP) with respect to bond strength and bond durability.
Methods
Suitable peer reviewed publications in the English language were identified through searches performed in PubMed, Google Search and handsearches. The keywords or phrases used were ‘resin‐ceramic bond’, ‘silane coupling agents’, ‘air particle abrasion’, ‘zirconia ceramic’ and ‘resin composite cements’. Studies from January 1989 to June 2015 were included.
Results
The literature demonstrated that there are multiple techniques available for surface treatments but bond strength testing under different investigations have produced conflicting results.
Conclusions
Within the scope of this review, there is no evidence to support a universal technique of ceramic surface treatment for adhesive cementation. A combination of chemical and mechanical treatments might be the recommended solution. The hydrolytic stability of the resin ceramic bond should be enhanced.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The use of alternative materials, predominantly with high levels of supplementary cementitious materials and geopolymer composites for the development of the construction industry is proposed. ...Metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar along with corn cob ash (CCA) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were characterized and tested. The properties of geopolymer mortar were studied by varying the concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (0%; 0.25%; 0.5%; 0.75% and 1%) along with the replacement levels of metakaolin with corn cob ash (0–10% about 2.5% increment). From the scanning electron microscope analysis, it was depicted that the MWCNTs were distributed uniformly within the geopolymer matrix at 0.50%, while at 1% these were poorly distributed and agglomerated within the matrix. Experimental investigation revealed that there was a significant increase in compressive strength of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar when CCA and MWCNTs were combined at 5% of CCA and 0.5% of MWCNTs, but beyond this combination, there was a reduction in strength.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Summary
Background
ABP 501, a U.S.A. Food and Drug Administration‐ and European Medicines Agency‐approved biosimilar, is highly similar to adalimumab in structure, function and pharmacokinetics.
...Objectives
To demonstrate similarity in efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of ABP 501 vs. adalimumab for moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis (clinical trial: NCT01970488).
Methods
Patients were randomized (1 : 1) to receive ABP 501 or adalimumab 40 mg every 2 weeks for 16 weeks. At week 16, patients with ≥ 50% improvement from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score were eligible to continue to week 52. Patients receiving ABP 501 continued; adalimumab patients were rerandomized (1 : 1) to continue adalimumab or undergo a single transition to ABP 501. Key efficacy assessments included percentage PASI improvement from baseline, PASI responders and mean change in affected body surface area from baseline to weeks 16, 32 and 50. Safety was monitored via adverse events (AEs) and antidrug antibodies (ADAs) were assessed.
Results
A total of 308 patients were rerandomized at week 16 (ABP 501/ABP 501, n = 152; adalimumab/adalimumab, n = 79; adalimumab/ABP 501, n = 77). PASI percentage improvements from baseline were similar across groups for weeks 16, 32 and 50 (range: 85·8–88·2%), with no significant differences detected across groups in percentages of PASI 50, 75, 90 and 100 responders. Changes from baseline in percentage body surface area affected were similar across groups and time points. No new safety signals were detected. AEs were balanced between groups. Percentages of patients with binding and neutralizing ADAs were similar across treatments.
Conclusions
ABP 501 and adalimumab have similar clinical efficacy, safety and immunogenicity profiles over 52 weeks, including after single transition, in this patient population.
What's already known about this topic?
Biosimilars can offer therapeutic alternatives for patients in need and are currently being developed for numerous diseases, including moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis.
ABP 501 is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration‐ and European Medicines Agency‐approved biosimilar to adalimumab and has been shown to be highly similar to adalimumab in structural, functional and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
What does this study add?
The current study demonstrates that ABP 501 and adalimumab are highly similar in clinical efficacy, safety and immunogenicity, including after single transition from adalimumab to ABP 501 treatment, in patients with stable moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
A
BSTRACT
Background:
With the emergence of new mutated variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), we have witnessed three waves of coronavirus disease (COVID) with ...varying severity, complication, and outcome in Punjab. The physiological changes of pregnancy make mother more vulnerable for severe infection. Current study is aimed at comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-positive pregnant women in second and third waves.
Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective observational single-center study conducted at a dedicated COVID hospital in Punjab, India. Records of all COVID-positive pregnant women admitted from January to June 2021 and from January to February 2022 were reviewed. The demographic details, severity of symptoms, maternal and fetal complications, outcomes, and mortality were noted.
Results:
There were 220 COVID-positive pregnant patients in the second wave and 65 in third wave. The majority of patients belonged to the age group of 20–34 years (57.73% in the second wave and 70.77% in the third wave). Maternal deaths and severity of disease increased with increasing age of the mother, that is, 6.7% in <35 years and 13.95% in >35 years age group (RR = 2.058,
P
value = 0.1248). Also, the maternal deaths increased with increasing parity (RR = 2.00,
P
value = 0.2380). The majority of the study subjects were in the third trimester, with 77.73% in the second wave and 90.77% in the third wave. The majority of the patients in both the waves were asymptomatic or had mild symptoms. In the COVID second wave, 10.91% pregnant patients had moderate COVID symptoms and 8.18% had severe COVID symptoms, whereas none presented with moderate or severe symptoms in the third wave. Eighteen maternal deaths (8.18%) were seen during the COVID second wave, whereas no maternal death occurred in the third COVID wave. 100% of these deaths were because of COVID. Need of oxygen supplementation and intensive care unit admission had statistically significant association with maternal mortality.
Conclusion:
In the third COVID wave, the morbidity and mortality were significantly reduced. This could be a result of wide-spread vaccination, new strain of COVID, or both. In spite of this, the pregnancy complications such as pre-term birth, IUGR, and IUD were significant. Hence, pregnancies complicated by COVID should be considered as a high risk and closely monitored.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
17.
Voice-activated charting systems Lister, P; Sudharson, N A; Kaur, P ...
British dental journal,
05/2024, Volume:
236, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Summary
The final analysis of this 2-year, randomized, crossover study showed that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were more adherent, compliant, and persistent with subcutaneous denosumab ...injections every 6 months than with once-weekly alendronate tablets. After receiving both treatments, women reported greater satisfaction with injectable denosumab and preferred it over oral alendronate.
Introduction
Osteoporosis patients who are non-compliant or non-persistent with therapy may have suboptimal clinical outcomes. This 2-year, randomized, open-label, crossover study compared treatment adherence between subcutaneous denosumab, 60 mg every 6 months, and oral alendronate, 70 mg once weekly.
Methods
Postmenopausal women at 25 centers in the USA and Canada with bone mineral density T-scores −4.0 to −2.0 and no prior bisphosphonate use received alendronate then denosumab, or denosumab then alendronate, over successive 12-month periods. Adherence required both compliance (denosumab injections 6 months apart or ≥80% of alendronate tablets) and persistence (both denosumab injections or ≥2 alendronate doses in the last month and completion of the treatment period).
Results
Of the 250 women enrolled (124 alendronate, 126 denosumab), 221 entered the second year (106 denosumab, 115 alendronate). Denosumab was associated with less non-adherence than alendronate (first year, 11.9% vs 23.4%; second year, 7.5% vs 36.5%). Risk ratios for non-adherence, non-compliance, and non-persistence favored denosumab in both years (
p
< 0.05). Of 198 subjects expressing treatment preference, 183 (92.4%) preferred the injections over the oral therapy. BMD improved further when subjects received denosumab after alendronate and remained stable when they received alendronate after denosumab.
Conclusion
Based on the final results of this crossover study after women had received each treatment for up to 1 year, postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were more adherent, compliant, and persistent with subcutaneous denosumab injections every 6 months than with once-weekly alendronate tablets and reported increased treatment preference and satisfaction with injectable denosumab over oral alendronate.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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