We have experienced two cases (Case 1: 21-year-old female, Case 2: 26-year-old female) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with hyperthyroidism. Case 1 had been treated with methimazole ...(MMI) and betamethasone for approximately two years. Although thyroid function improved with the treatment, laboratory data of SLE deteriorated. She was successfully treated with betamethasone alone. Case 2, who had severe side effect (severe hemorrhage due to gastric ulcer) during prednisolone treatment for SLE, was found to have an additional hyperthyroidism. She was treated with intermittent prednisolone administration alone. Physical findings as well as laboratory data of both SLE and hyperthyroidism improved by the therapy.
Plasma lipids and lipoproteins obtained from different places of the circuit of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFP) were measured and effect of DFP therapy on removal of them was examined. When 2A ...was used as a second filter, 69.8%, 52.4%, 63.0%, 58.0%, 60.8%, 59.2% and 63.9%, respectively of β- lipoprotein, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoproteins (HDL), phospholipids, free cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were removed from the patient's plasma. When 4A was used as a second filter, 69.0%, 56.8%, 53.2%, 45.4%, 56.0%, 50.9% and 51.7%, respectively of β-lipoprotein, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, phospholipids, free cholesterol and Lp(a) were removed from the patient's plasma. In contrast, concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA) after DFP therapy using filter 4A and 2A increased to 222.8% and 256.4%, respectively. Thus, it was shown that except for FFA, DFP therapy using either 2A or 4A as a second filter is effective in reducing concentrations of plasma lipids and lipoproteins.
In recent years, there has been an upsurge of research interest in cooperative wireless communications in both academia and industry. This article presents a simple overview of the pivotal topics in ...both mobile station (MS)- and base station (BS)- assisted cooperation in the context of cellular radio systems. Owing to the ever-increasing amount of literature in this particular field, this article is by no means exhaustive, but is intended to serve as a roadmap by assembling a representative sample of recent results and to stimulate further research. The emphasis is initially on relay-base cooperation, relying on network coding, followed by the design of cross-layer cooperative protocols conceived for MS cooperation and the concept of coalition network element (CNE)-assisted BS cooperation. Then, a range of complexity and backhaul traffic reduction techniques that have been proposed for BS cooperation are reviewed. A more detailed discussion is provided in the context of MS cooperation concerning the pros and cons of dispensing with high-complexity, power-hungry channel estimation. Finally, generalized design guidelines, conceived for cooperative wireless communications, are presented.
A method of preparing ribonucleic acid (RNA) from tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has been developed, based on denaturation of the protein part by guanidine hydrochloride and precipitation of RNA by ...neutral salt, avoiding extreme pH, high temperature and use of any organic solvent. The purity of the RNA thus obtained was as high as the RNA obtained by the sodium dodecyl sulfate method (Fraenkel-Conrat) or by the phenol method (Gierer and Schramm). The virus activity of the RNA alone obtained by the guanidine method was usually very low, while the RNA obtained by the phenol method was found as infectious as that reported by Gierer and Schramm. The molecular weight of RNA as determined by sedimentation and viscosity measurements was high (1.5-3×106); this value suggests that one TMV particle contains one single molecule of RNA. The molecule of RNA obtained by the guanidine method was found to be hydrodynamically less resistant than that obtained by the phenol method.
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