We present an analysis of spectroscopic data of the cool, highly magnetic and polluted white dwarf 2MASS J0916-4215. The atmosphere of the white dwarf is dominated by hydrogen, but numerous spectral ...lines of magnesium, calcium, titanium, chromium, iron, strontium, along with Li I, Na I, Al I, and K I lines, are found in the incomplete Paschen-Back regime, most visibly, in the case of Ca II lines. Extensive new calculations of the Paschen-Back effect in several spectral lines are presented and results of the calculations are tabulated for the Ca II H&K doublet. The abundance pattern shows a large lithium and strontium excess, which may be viewed as a signature of planetary debris akin to Earth's continental crust accreted onto the star, although the scarcity of silicon indicates possible dilution in bulk Earth material. Accurate abundance measurements proved sensitive to the value of the broadening parameter due to collisions with neutral hydrogen (Gamma_HI), particularly in saturated lines such as the resonance lines of Ca I and Ca II. We found that Gamma_HI if formulated with values from the literature could be overestimated by a factor of 10 in most resonance lines.
Recently, the requirements regarding the improvement of reliability parameters, extending the durability period, and shortening the period of downtime are very significant and are still growing. ...Incorrectly used machines/devices can, as a result, lead to notable losses for the enterprise. M-346 aircraft used in the Polish Air Force, which is relatively young construction, is being operated based on an unclear and underdeveloped maintenance program. This program has been designed exclusively for PLAF, and it is adapted to a specific maintenance structure, different from other aircraft users. Due to this fact, the program is hard to plan and conduct maintenance activities effectively. Such actions result in increasing organizational delays, which in turn leads to more extended preventative maintenance. This paper aims to propose a universal solution based on mathematical models and mobile applications, how to examine, evaluate, and optimize the maintenance program of military aircraft.
Przedmiotem artykułu jest ukazanie roli, jaką spełniają mniejszości – z jednej strony grecka, żyjąca w Albanii, z drugiej zaś albańska – w Grecji, w generowaniu konfl iktów lub ich wyciszaniu, czyli ...zobrazowanie ich wpływu na wzajemne relacje między Atenami i Tiraną. W tym celu wykorzystano teorię instrumentalnego ujęcia konfl iktów na tle narodowym i religijnym, które tacy uczeni jak: A. Cohen, Anthony D. Smith, Stephan Cornell i Dauglas Hartmann1 uważają w obecnej dobie za najistotniejszą kwestię dla badań nad antagonizmami. Uznają oni bowiem, że spory powstające na tle etnicznym i religijnym są w dużej mierze kreowane przez elity polityczne, liderów politycznych, którzy wskazują na odmienną tożsamość kulturową, religijną, narodową – czyli specyfi kę poszczególnych grup, których świadomość wspólnotowa jest niezaprzeczalna2. Podstawowym celem nie jest zatem odpowiedź na pytanie, jak dalece różnorodność poszczególnych regionów (zwłaszcza pogranicza) i wspólnot jest czynnikiem wystarczającym, by do konfl iktów dochodziło, ale w jakim stopniu polityka poszczególnych państw ma wpływ na łagodzenie, a nawet zapobieganie, czy też odwrotnie, celowe podtrzymywanie konfl iktów czy wręcz ich kreowanie. Niezbędnym instrumentem w realizacji tych procesów jest odwoływanie się władzy, elit politycznych czy też ich liderów do „zbiorowej nazwy własnej, wspólnego pochodzenia, kultywowania pamięci historycznej, jednego lub wielu elementów wspólnej kultury, do związków z określoną ‘ojczyzną’ i do pewnego stopnia solidarności”3. Najważniejszym zadaniem będzie wykazanie, że tak w Grecji, jak i w Albanii doszło do wyraźnego uzależnienia polityki mniejszościowej od historii, a także jej wykorzystania w bieżącej polityce zagranicznej obydwóch państw.
The article uses the theory of Józef Kozielecki, which is the subject matter of his reflections in his work: Transgresja i kultura. Transgressive actions are actions of the “outside” – changing the ...existing status quo. At the same time, in this case transgression is directed “towards people” in order for them to unite (so-called community transgressions). Moving from one group to another and adopting a different model of competence, patterns of cultural behaviour, is characteristic for the Goranie people living on the border of Macedonia, Albania and Kosovo. The Goranie, depending on the political, economic, warfare situation, in order to survive or improve their economic situation, directed their steps towards their Slavic neighbours, identifying with them, adopting their life style, official language, some customs. In the first years of the 21st century, it is becoming more and more typical to build a Goranie ethnic identity and to maintain the “Našinski” language, which is used only at home, as it has not been recognized in any country they live in. Further processes of Goranie transgression, a transition from one group to another, in this case to the Albanian group, and adopting a different model of competence, patterns of cultural behaviour are inevitable in the near future. This is mainly due to the difficult economic conditions of the Goranie and the life of the Albanian enclave.
Albania is a country with three dominant religions: Islam, Orthodox Christianity and Catholicism. The co-existence of the followers of these religions is harmonious with no or very rare incidents of ...a religious background. Despite the risks related to the radicalisation of certain attitudes, primarily among Muslims, one must say that Albania is a country where religious tolerance is observed. Individual Churches still face important tasks. In the case of the Albanian Muslim Community, headed by Haxhi Selim Muça since March 2004, key ones include, first and foremost, ensuring its financial security so as minimise the economic dependence from external actors. However, the most controversial at the moment is the restitution of property of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the fact that authority over the Orthodox Church in Albania is held by Archbishop Anastasios who is Greek. The structures of the Catholic Church in Albania – which during Enver Hoxha’s rule sustained major losses not just among the clergy but also lay Catholics – have been rebuilt from scratch. The Catholic Church cooperates with other faiths following the principles of ecumenism.
In this paper a formulation of degenerated shell elements implemented in the static explicit FEM code ITAS3D is described. The main features of various integration rules are discussed. A square-cup ...test is used to select the most efficient element for the simulation of stamping processes. A numerical example of FEM simulation of an outer-door-panel stamping is presented.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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