A comprehensive body of scientific evidence indicates that rhizobial bacteria and melatonin enhance salt tolerance of crop plants. The overall goal of this research was to evaluate the ability of ...Rhizobium leguminoserum bv phaseoli to suppress salinity stress impacts in common bean treated with melatonin. Treatments included bacterial inoculations (inoculated (RI) and non-inoculated (NI)), different salinity levels (non-saline (NS), 4 (S1) and 8 (S2) dS m
of NaCl) and priming (dry (PD), melatonin (PM100) and hydro (PH) priming) with six replications in growing media containing sterile sand and perlite (1:1). The results showed that the bacterial strain had the ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA), ACC deaminase and siderophore. Plants exposed to salinity stress indicated a significant decline in growth, yield, yield components, nitrogen fixation and selective transport (ST), while showed a significant increase in sodium uptake. However, the combination of PM100 and RI treatments by improving growth, photosynthesis rate and nitrogen fixation positively influenced plant performance in saline conditions. The combined treatment declined the negative impacts of salinity by improving the potassium translocation, potassium to sodium ratio in the shoot and root and ST. In conclusion, the combination of melatonin and ACC deaminase producing rhizobium mitigated the negative effects of salinity. This result is attributed to the increased ST and decreased sodium uptake, which significantly reduced the accumulation of sodium ions in shoot.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare two surgical treatment methods for chronic anal fissures (CAF), mucosal advancement flap anoplasty (MAFA) and cutaneous advancement flap anoplasty (CAFA).
...Methods
A randomized, blinded clinical trial was conducted on patients with CAF refractory to medical treatment referred to a tertiary-level hospital between January 2021 and December 2022. The patients were assigned to two groups by block randomization and were compared in terms of outcome, pain reduction, and complications.
Results
There were 30 patients (male to female ratio 2:3, median age 42 years range 25–59 years). Both techniques reduced anal pain significantly (
p
= 0.001); however, there were no significant differences between MAFA and CAFA groups in recurrence, duration of healing, postoperative pain, and postoperative bleeding. No patient suffered from fecal incontinence (Wexner score = 0) or flap necrosis postoperatively. Only two patients in the MAFA group (1 and 3 months after surgery) and one patient in the CAFA group (2 months after surgery) had recurrence (total recurrence rate = 10%, healing rate = 90%). All of the patients were satisfied with their surgical results.
Conclusion
Mucosal and cutaneous anal advancement flap techniques are effective and comparable surgical procedures for the treatment of chronic anal fissures with minimal complications, fast healing process, and minimal postoperative pain and complications.
Clinical trial ID
IRCT20120129008861N4 (
www.irct.ir
).
Full text
Available for:
EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Background The number of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing, as is mortality for patients with CRC. Previous reports have shown that heat-shock protein 70-2 (+1267) may be associated ...with CRC. However, genetic analysis has not been done for effect of the HSP70-2 (+1267) gene in association with obesity and type 2 diabetes in CRC. The aim of this study is to investigate whether HSP70–2 (+1267) gene polymorphism is involved in susceptibility to CRC in Iranian patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes and whether it correlates with CRC progression in these patients. Methods 50 genetically unrelated patients with CRC and 50 healthy controls were typed for the HSP70-2 (+1267) PstI polymorphism with use of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (alleles A and B). Patients with CRC were classified into two types: those with obesity and type 2 diabetes and those without obesity and type 2 diabetes. Findings Our RFLP PCR analysis and polymorphism analysis revealed that HSP70 - 2 has three type of allele, and that the BB allele (1267 A/G) was significantly more common in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes than in those in the control group ( p = 0.0001). Interpretation Our data suggest that the BB allele of HSP70-2 (+1267 A/G) in CRC patients is associated with hereditary obesity, and in lower efficiency, with type 2 diabetes.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Salinity tolerance is presumed to be improved in the intercropping system, however, there has been inadequate evidence to scientifically prove this. In the current study, the effect of salinity was ...examined on forage yield and quality of sorghum and kochia in an intercropping system with different planting ratios in a two-year field trial at Shiraz University. The treatments included three salinity levels of irrigation water; 2 (non-saline as a control), 7 and 14 dS m
−1
in main plots and planting ratios; sole sorghum (SS), ⅔ sorghum-⅓ kochia (S
2
K
1
), ½ sorghum-½ kochia (SK), ⅓ sorghum-⅔ kochia (S
1
K
2
) and sole kochia in subplots. The results showed that salt stress decreased forage yield of both plants, especially of sorghum. Salt stress at 14 dS m
−1
reduced fresh and dry weights by 44.9% and 62.4% in sorghum, and 38.7% and 23.3% in kochia, respectively. Salinity also reduced forage quality assessed in terms of crude protein, ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and total digestible nutrients (TDN). The optimum intercropping systems did not change forage yield, but it increased forage quality via reducing ash, ADF and NDF. The optimum planting ratio was S
2
K
1
for both sorghum and kochia, while the SK ratio was suitable for kochia only. Under non-saline conditions, the sole crop cultivation was a better system, while under saline conditions intercropping with a low density of another plant led to higher dry and fresh weights, as well as lower ash, ADF and NDF for each plant. Since kochia performed as a dominant plant, sorghum growth was considerably suppressed under the high density of kochia (i.e., S
1
K
2
), especially at 14 dS m
−1
salinity level, which might have been due to high salt tolerance of kochia. Based on the findings of the current study, it could be inferred that in regions with limited freshwater, optimum planting ratio (SK in general for both plants) in an intercropping system could improve the quality of forage with no significant reduction in forage quantity.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are tumours that commonly involve the gastrointestinal system. Common primary sites in the gastrointestinal system include the small intestine, appendix, rectum and ...pancreas. Mesenteric NETs are extremely rare entities and are sparsely reported in the literature.
We report the case of a 62-year-old woman with ectopic Cushing's syndrome due to excessive adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by a primary mesenteric tumour in the small intestine and its liver metastases.
Although rare, the mesentery can be a primary site for NETs. It can cause similar symptoms and require similar treatment options. Tumour resection and debulking are acceptable ways to improve both the survival and symptoms.
A two-year field experiment (2015–2016) was conducted as a split plot design with four replications at School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran to investigate the influence of water stress ...(supplying 50, 70, and 100% of water requirement) and wheat residue rates (0, 25, and 50%) incorporated with soil on physiological traits and canned yield of sweet corn (Zea mays L. V. Saccharata). Net photosynthesis rate was decreased under severe stress (supplying 50% of the water requirement) during vegetative, reproductive and ripening stages of sweet corn by 25.8, 15.8 and 5.5%, respectively, compared to normal irrigation (supplying 100% of the water requirement). Canned yield decreased significantly with supplying 50% of water requirement. The lowest values of canned yield (1.1 t ha-1) and harvest index (23.55%) were obtained in severe stress and no-residue conditions, indicating approximately 71 and 11% reductions compared to normal irrigation and no-residue treatments, respectively. In all water stress levels, application of residues led to a yield improvement. In this regard, the highest effect was observed under mild water stress with incorporation of 50% wheat residues, as it led to two-fold increase in canned yield compared to the increase observed with no-residue treatment. The increased canned yield is attributed to the 30 and 43% increases in chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis rate, respectively. Overall, it seems that incorporation of wheat residue into soil reduces the effects of water stress through its effects on soil fertility and soil water availability. Therefore, this strategy is suitable for increasing water use efficiency, reducing water stress damage and improving canned yield of sweet corn in areas facing water scarcity.
Introduction Sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) is an important crop, grown over 2,000 hectares in Iran. The consumption demand for sweet corn in its fresh form or as a processed crop has ...contributed to a significant increase in its cultivation in recent years. Sweet corn is susceptible to weed competition for nutrients, moisture, and light interception. Herbicides labeled for use on sweet corn are limited. Chemical control can be very important because of the low efficiency and cost effectiveness of mechanical or other methods of weed control. Hence, it is necessary to provide information about the sulfonylurea herbicides and suitable doses. Sulfonylureas such as nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and foramsulfuron are effective group of herbicides for annual and perennial weed control in maize. These herbicides provide a new chance for weed management in maize. Their mode of action occurs through inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS), thereby interfering with the production of branched-chain amino acids, leucine, isoleucine, and valine. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effect of different doses of sulfonylurea herbicides on weeds control and growth and yield of sweet corn. Materials and Methods In order to evaluate the effect of different doses of sulfonylurea herbicides on weeds control and growth and yield of sweet corn (KSC403su), a field study carried out during 2015 growing seasons at the Agricultural College of Shiraz University. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Treatments included different doses of nicosulfuron (1.5, 2 and 2.5 l ha-1), foramsulfuron + idosulfuron (1, 1.5 and 2 l ha-1) and acetochlor (4.5, 5 and 5.5 l ha-1) herbicides and weed free and weedy control. The number and dry weight of aboveground weeds parts were harvested within three fixed 1 × 1 m quadrats in every plot, separated by species, enumerated, oven-dried at 75 °C for 48 h, and then weighed. Then, percent weed density and dry weight reductions were measured. The traits included ear length, ear diameter, ear number per plant, row number per ear, grain number per row, grain number per ear and canned grain yield. Data were analyzed using SAS v. 9.1 software (SAS Institute 2003). When significant differences were observed among treatments, mean comparisons were made using Duncan's multiple range tests (P < 0.05). Correlation coefficients between different traits were also calculated. Results and Discussion Results showed that the canned grain yield, 1000 grain weight and number of grain per ear were reduced by weeds up to 73, 33 and 60%, respectively. The highest dry weights reduction obtained were of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) (75.8 and 59.5%), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) (49.84 and 38.76%), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) (58.37 and 40.85%) and bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) (60.56 and 55.06%), so that applying of nicosulfuron )2.5 l ha-1) and foramsulfuron + idosulfuron (2 l ha-1) herbicides caused reduction in total dry weight of weeds in comparison with weedy treatment, and canned seed yield increased by nicosulfuron )2.5 l ha-1) and foramsulfuron + idosulfuron (2 l ha-1) herbicides in comparison to the acetochlor. Acetochlor was the weakest treatment in the reduction of weed density and dry weight. The highest canned grain yield (8.00 and 7.03 t ha-1), number of row per ear (12.00 and 11.50), number of grain per row (25.00 and 24.75), number of grain per ear (299.00 and 285.50) and 1000 grain weight (325.06 and 308.44 g) were obtained in nicosulfuron )2.5 l ha-1) and foramsulfuron + idosulfuron (2 l ha-1) herbicides, respectively. Positive correlation was found between canned grain yield and 1000 grain weight (r = 0.83, p<0.05) and number of grain per ear (r = 0.96, p<0.05). Applying nicosulfuron showed a high efficiency as compared to the foramsulfuron + idosulfuron and acetochlor for weed suppression. Conclusion It can conclude that nicosulfuron at 2.5 l ha-1 showed the best performance for weed control, especially broadleaved weeds and were associated with the maximum sweet corn canned grain yield. Therefore, due to the restricted use of herbicide in sweet corn, the herbicide used in this experiment is not created serious injury in sweet corn at the recommended rate while effectively controlling weeds. Hence, utilization of this herbicide could be a favorable option in contemporary weed control programs for local or regional sweet corn growers. Acknowledgements We would like to thank the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University for their support, cooperation, and assistance throughout this research.
In order to investigate the effect of quinoa seed inoculation on photosynthesis rate, yield and competitive ability with weeds, an experiment was conducted as split-plot based on a randomized ...complete block design with three replications at experimental farm of School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran during 2020 growing season. Treatments were three levels of weed management as main-plot (weedy, weed-free and weeding) and five levels of seeds inoculation with biofertilizers (humic acid, bioumic, seaumic, organic herbicide, and no biofertilizers) as subplots. The results showed that the highest rate of photosynthesis in all weed management levels was achieved in the presence of seeds inoculated with seaumic biofertilizer. The highest grain yield (259.63 g/m2) and grain yield components (1000-seed weight, number of seeds per panicle, and number of panicles per plant) and harvest index (48.73%) were also obtained in weed-free plots when seeds were inoculated with seaumic biofertilizer. Leaf area index and dry weight of the main weed species (wheat) was significantly reduced in inoculation of seeds with biofertilizers compared to the no biofertiliuzer condition. The highest crop’s competitive ability was achieved when the seeds were inoculated with seaumic treatment. The quinoa’s competitive ability was increased by 2.8 times and 94.11% at weedy and weed-free treatments, respectively, compared with control in seed inoculation with seaumic treatment. Thus, our finding suggests that seed inoculation with biofertilizers, especially seaumic treatment is an effective strategy that can be used to enhance germination rate, growth, yield and weed competitive ability in quinoa.
Cultivation of winter cover crops such as wheat and barley is one of the practical approaches for weeds control in cereal-based rotations. In order to investigate the effect of cover crop species and ...nitrogen rates on weed control of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a field experiment was arranged in split-plot based on a RCBD with three replications during 2013-2014 growing season at Research Field of School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Treatments included nitrogen levels (75 and 150 kg N ha-1) as the main factor and cover crops (no cover crop as control, 25% wheat, 50% wheat, 75% wheat, 25% barley, 50% barley and 75% barley) as sub factor. The results showed that there was significant difference between the presence and absence of cover crop and its interaction with nitrogen level in terms of an array of measured traits. The lowest density, dry weight and height of weeds were obtained from the using barley as a cover crop at the presence of both nitrogen rates, suggesting that barley cover crop is more potent to suppress the weeds compared to wheat cover crop. The highest grain yield (5290 kg ha-1) and oil yield (1760 kg ha-1) of rapeseed were obtained from 50% barley cover crop and the highest rapeseed protein percentage (43%) was obtained from using 25% wheat cover crop at 150 kg N ha-1. Overall, the highest grain and oil yields were achieved from application of 150 kg N ha-1 along with using 50% barley cover crop treatment, though the latter combination did not significantly differ from 75 kg N ha-1 at 50% wheat cover crop
Baby corn is a premature ear of maize that is harvested as dehusked vegetable corn at 2-3 days after silking before fertilization. No enough attention has been paid to this kind of maize in the ...literature. In order to investigate the effect of planting density and pattern on yield and some qualitative and morphological traits in baby corn hybrid KSC403su a field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran in 2014. The treatments were plant density at four levels: 100, 125, 150 and 175 thousands plant ha-1 and three planting patterns: one, two and three rows which arranged in factorial based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that yield, solar radiation, total soluble solid (TTS) and a majority of morphological traits of baby corn were significantly affected by the treatments and their interactions. With increasing of the number of rows and plant density, leaf area and plant height were increased, while the number of tillers per plant, number of ears per plant, husked and dehusked ear yield, husked and dehusked ear weight and ear diameter were decreased. The highest husked and dehusked ear yield were obtained in 150 thousands plant ha-1 and single row planting pattern with average of 1834 and 9128 Kg ha-1, respectively. In general, one row planting pattern at 150 thousands plant ha-1 were considered as the most suitable treatments and could be suggested for achieving acceptable yield and appropriate quality.
PDF
