Abstract Background IsoPSA is a serum-based assay that predicts prostate cancer (PCa) risk by partitioning isoforms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with an aqueous two-phase reagent. Objectives To ...determine the diagnostic accuracy of IsoPSA in identifying the presence or absence of PCa and the presence of high-grade disease in a contemporary biopsy cohort. Design, setting, and participants Multicenter prospective study of 261 men scheduled for prostate biopsy at five academic and community centers in the USA enrolled between August 2015 and December 2016. Intervention Performance of the IsoPSA assay. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Discrimination power was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The outcome of the IsoPSA assay was transformed into risk probability using logistic regression. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to compare the net benefit of IsoPSA against other clinical protocols. Results and limitations The overall prevalence was 53% for any PCa and 34% for high-grade PCa. The area under the ROC curve was 0.79 for any cancer versus none and 0.81 for high-grade PCa versus low-grade PCa/benign histology. In this preliminary study, DCA revealed a superior net benefit of IsoPSA against no biopsy, all biopsy, and the modified Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Risk Calculator 2.0. At a cutoff selected to recommend biopsy, IsoPSA demonstrated a 48% reduction in false-positive biopsies; at a cutoff selected to identity men at low risk of high-grade disease, there was a 45% reduction in the false-positive rate. Conclusion The structure-based IsoPSA assay outperformed concentration-based PSA measurement, and provided a net benefit against other protocols. Once validated, clinical use of IsoPSA could significantly reduce unnecessary biopsies while identifying patients needing treatment. Patient summary The IsoPSA assay outperformed prostate-specific antigen in predicting the overall risk of prostate cancer and the risk of clinically significant cancer in a preliminary study. The IsoPSA assay could assist in determining the need for prostate biopsy for patients.
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Recurrent urinary tract infection is more common in postmenopausal women, pregnant women, immunocompromised patients, and patients with catheters. Several complementary and alternative approaches in ...the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infection recurrence are evaluated in this review.
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Reflections on wage labour in Africa have known different trends and been the subject of fluctuating interests, inscribed in plural historicities. This issue offers to renew its understanding in ...different sectors of activity. It is based on the recent increase in the waged fraction of the working classes in many countries, mobilised by construction sites, mines, plantations, security guards or through the monetisation of labour relationships that were not previously monetised. The present empirical and theoretical analyses aim to shed light on this phenomenon, all too discreet in the scientific debate and the understanding of global dynamics from an African perspective. This issue examines the practices and imaginaries associated with wage labour and the biographical trajectories of subaltern wage earners by drawing on several disciplinary horizons. Furthermore, it reassesses the wage relationship in Africa and reopens the debate on the analytical tools to study it. Les réflexions relatives au salariat en Afrique ont connu différentes modes et fait l’objet d’intérêts fluctuants, inscrits dans des historicités plurielles. Ce numéro propose d’en renouveler la compréhension dans plusieurs secteurs d’activités. Il part du constat de l’augmentation récente de la fraction salariée des classes populaires dans de nombreux pays, mobilisée dans les chantiers, les mines, les plantations, le gardiennage ou à travers la monétisation de rapports de travail qui ne l’étaient pas auparavant. Les analyses empiriques et théoriques proposées souhaitent éclairer ce phénomène resté trop discret dans les réflexions scientifiques et l’appréhension des dynamiques globales du point de vue de l’Afrique. Ce numéro étudie les pratiques et les imaginaires associés au travail salarié ainsi que les trajectoires biographiques des salarié.e.s subalternes en s’inscrivant dans plusieurs horizons disciplinaires. En outre, il revisite le rapport salarial en Afrique et relance le débat sur les outils d’analyse pour l’étudier.
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8.
Reviews White, James D.; Webber, Mark; Roberts, Cynthia A. ...
Europe-Asia studies,
11/1997, Volume:
49, Issue:
7
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
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9.
Reviews White, James D.; Webber, Mark; Roberts, Cynthia A. ...
Europe-Asia Studies,
11/1/1997, Volume:
49, Issue:
7
Book Review
Peer reviewed
Orlando Figes, A People's Tragedy: The Russian Revolution 1891-1924. London: Jonathan Cape, 1996, xx + 923 pp., £25.00
Hafeez Malik (ed.), The Roles of the United States, Russia and China in the New ...World Order. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997, xvi + 333 pp., £47.50.
Leszek Buszynski, Russian Foreign Policy after the Cold War. Westport and London: Praeger, 1996, xiv + 243 pp., £46.95.
Mette Skak, From Empire to Anarchy: Postcommunist Foreign Policy and International Relations. London: C. Hurst & Company, 1996, x + 340 pp., £35.00 h/b, £14.95 p/b.
Hans von Zon, The Future of Industry in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot: Avebury, 1996, x + 164 pp., £35.00.
Bartlomiej Kaminski (ed.), Economic Transition in Russia and the New States of Eurasia. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1996, xviii + 430 pp.
Ben Fowkes, The Disintegration of the Soviet Union: A Study in the Rise and Triumph of Nationalism. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997, xii + 273 pp., £40.00
Juan J. Linz & Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation. Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, xx + 479 pp., £15.50.
David Lane, The Rise and Fall of State Socialism. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1996, 233 pp., £12.95.
Reneo Lukic & Allen Lynch, Europe from the Balkans to the Urals: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996, xvii + 436 pp.
Thomas Cushman & Stjepan G. Mestrovic (eds), This Time We Knew: Western Responses to Genocide in Bosnia. New York: New York University Press, 1996, ix + 412 pp., $50.00 h/b, $18.95 p/b.
Derek Hall & Darrick Danta (eds), Reconstructing the Balkans. A Geography of the New Southeast Europe. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, xx + 260 pp., £45.00.
Ajay Patnaik. Central Asia. Between Modernity and Tradition. New Delhi: Konark Publishers, 1996, viii + 238 pp.
Rudolf L. Tokes, Hungary's Negotiated Revolution: Economic Reform, Social Change and Political Succession, 1957-1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, xxiii + 544 pp., £19.95.
John D. H. Downing, Internationalizing Media Theory, Transition, Power, Culture, Reflections on Media in Russia, Poland and Hungary 1980-95. London: Sage, 1996, xviii + 269 pp., £45.00 h/b, £13.95 p/b.
Rogers Brubaker, Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, xi + 202 pp., £35.00 h/b, £12.95 p/b.
Donald P. Steury (ed.), Intentions and Capabilities: Estimates on Soviet Strategic Forces, 1950-1983. Washington DC: Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1996, xxii + 504 pp.
R. W. Davies, Crisis and Progress in the Soviet Economy, 1931-1933. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996, xviii + 612 pp., £65.00.
William Chase, Jeffrey Burds, S. V. Praslova, A. K. Sokolov & E. A. Tiurina (eds), Russian Stale Archive of the Economy: A Research Guide: I. Guide to Collections. Moscow: Blagovest, 1994, xx + 679 pp.
V. P. Butt, A. B. Murphy, N. A. Myshov & G. R. Swain (eds), The Russian Civil War. Documents from the Soviet Archives. London: Macmillan, 1996, xvii + 217 pp., £15.99.
Ilya Somin, Stillborn Crusade: The Tragic Failure of Western Intervention in the Russian Civil War, 1918-1920. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1996, ix + 236 pp., £21.95, $32.99.
David R. Shearer, Industry, State, and Society in Stalin's Russia, 1926-1934. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996, xiv + 263 pp., £33.50 h/b, £14.95 p/b.
Peter H. Solomon Jr., Soviet Criminal Justice under Stalin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997, xvii + 494 pp., £55.00 h/b, £19.95 p/b.
Richard G. Hovannisian, The Republic of Armenia, Volume III, From London to Sèvres, February-August 1920, xx + 534 pp., and Volume IV, Between Crescent and Sickle: Partition and Sovietization, xii + 496 pp. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1996. £35.00 each volume.
Ian D. Thatcher & James D. White (eds), Journal of Trotsky Studies. Glasgow: Institute of Russian & East European Studies, 1993-1996, Nos. 1-4, £10.00 (Institutions), £5.00 (Individuals).
Mikhail Baitalsky, Notebooks for the Grandchildren. Recollections of a Trotskyist Who Survived the Stalin Terror, Edited and translated by Marilyn Vogt-Downey. Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey, 1996, xviii + 447 pp.
Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj & Carole Rogel, Historical Dictionary of Slovenia. London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc, 1996, xxvii + 345 pp., £63.65.
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