We investigated the apoptosis inducing effect of essential oil (EO) from aerial parts of
Ocimum
viride in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (COLO 205 cell line). The COLO 205 cells were exposed ...to 0.0125–0.1
μl/ml of EO for 24, 48 and 72
h. Growth inhibition was determined by sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay. Double staining with acridine orange and ethidium bromide for nuclear changes was performed. Cell cycle analysis and change in mitochondrial membrane potential was quantified by flow cytometry. Subsequently, using annexin V/PI assay, the proportion of cells actively undergoing apoptosis was determined. Changes in DNA were observed by DNA ladder assay. Eventually the surface morphology of apoptotic cells was studied by scanning electron microscopy. EO is cytotoxic to COLO 205 cells in dose and time-dependent manner, as is evident by SRB assay. This observed cell death was due to apoptosis, as established by annexin V/PI assay, DNA ladder formation and scanning electron microscopy. Our results reveal that EO has apoptosis inducing effect against COLO 205 cells in vitro and is a promising candidate for further anti-cancer study.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Objective
Small cell carcinoma of ovary, hypercalcemic type is a rare malignancy with a dismal prognosis. The diagnosis is often confused with many other tumors.
Case Report
We describe a rare case ...of ovarian small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type in an adolescent. She presented with abdominal pain, awareness of mass and vomiting. She underwent exploratory laparotomy and right ovarian excision. The detailed histopathological examination including immunohistochemistry was suggestive of ovarian small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type. She had progressive disease on chemotherapy and ultimately died within 2 years of diagnosis. Due to rarity of this neoplasm and its aggressive nature, the optimal treatment regimen has not been established.
Conclusion
We report this case because of its rare occurrence leading to clinical and diagnostic challenges and need to explore effective treatment options to improve survival in these patients.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Electrolyte-gated transistor (EGT)-based biosensors are created with nanomaterials to harness the advantages of miniaturization and excellent sensing performance. A cholesterol EGT biosensor based on ...iron oxide (Fe
2
O
3
) nanoparticles decorated ZnO nanorods is proposed here. ZnO nanorods are directly grown on the seeded channel using a hydrothermal method, keeping in mind the stability of nanorods on the channel during biosensor measurements in an electrolyte. Most importantly, ZnO nanorods can be effectively grown and modified with Fe
2
O
3
nanoparticles to enhance stability, surface roughness, and performance. The cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) enzyme is immobilized over Fe
2
O
3
nanoparticles decorated ZnO nanorods for cholesterol detection. With cholesterol addition in buffer solution, the electro-oxidation of cholesterol on enzyme immobilized surface led to increased the biosensor’s current response. The cholesterol EGT biosensor detected cholesterol in wide-linear range (i.e., 0.1 to 60.0 mM) with high sensitivity (37.34
μ
A mM
−1
cm
−2
) compared to conventional electrochemical sensors. Furthermore, we obtained excellent selectivity, fabrication reproducibility, long-term storage stability, and practical applicability in real serum samples. The demonstrated EGT biosensor can be extended with changing enzymes or nanomaterials or hybrid nanomaterials for specific analyte detection.
A non-pathogenic agrocin-producing native isolate of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain UHFBA-218 was tested as a biological control agent against the peach crown gall. This strain was compatible with ...all the recommended pesticides used in stone fruits in the integrated pest management (IPM) module, except for copper oxychloride, which was detrimental to its growth. Upon artificial co-inoculation of 4-wk-old plants of tomato var. Solan Gola with A. tumefaciens strain UHFBA-218 and tumorigenic A. tumefaciens strain Peach 2E-10, out of the 27 isolates recovered, six were transconjugants showing selective acquisition of tumorigenic factors as made evident by amplification with ipt and virD2 primers, whereas the rest of the isolates did not acquire any of these tumorigenic factors. A white stone powder-based formulation of this isolate (103.3 × 108 cfu g-1) retained appreciable viability for up to 6 months at room temperature. When peach roots and seeds were soaked in cell suspensions of different doses of a white stone powder-based bioformulation of UHFBA-218 before planting in the field, the number of plants with tumours was reduced, with the lowest incidence of crown gall being observed in the 0.1% UHFBA-218 root dip treatment, i.e. 1.48% and 0.80% during the years 2013 and 2014, respectively. No incidence of crown gall was observed in the three seed dip treatments, i.e. 30-min dip in UHFBA-218 followed by 1 h of shade drying, stratified seeds dipped for 30 min in 0.1% suspensions of strains UHFBA-218 or K84 followed by 1 h of shade drying before sowing, as compared with 14.76% incidence in untreated plants.
Sir, We present a rare case of brain metastasis in a patient with follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS), who was treated with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and is alive and free from disease, 7 ...years after diagnosis. Contrast enhanced computed tomographic scan (CECT scan) of the abdomen revealed multiple enlarged retroperitoneal, mesenteric and right inguinal lymph nodes.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Multi-photon microscopy (MPM) is a 3-dimension fluorescence imaging technique that combines the excitation of two low-energy photons, enabling less photo-bleaching and deeper penetration of the ...imaged tissue. Two signals are detected, autofluorescence (AF), from natural intracellular fluorophores such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) transformation, and second harmonic generation (SHG), a physical property of the laser enhancing non-centrosymmetric structures such as collagen fibers. MPM can give both visual and quantitative information of a fresh tissue (without the need of processing, cutting or staining the tissue), aiding in the progress towards optimizing a real-time imaging device. The objective of this review is to show the value and benefits of the use of MPM in uro-oncology.
A structured literature review was performed using PubMed and Web of Sciences, including all articles with the following keywords: "multiphoton microscopy", "two-photon microscopy", "non-linear microscopy", "second harmonic generation", "urology", "prostate", "bladder", "kidney", "upper tract", "oncology", "surgical margins", "frozen section". Articles were reviewed to summarize the use of this tool in performing biopsies, assessing surgical margins, staging and grading complementary tool, and real-time imaging.
A total of 476 articles were identified with these keywords, and later screened for inclusion. We finally included 47 publications that were relevant to our topic. The advantages of this technique have led to its application in the management of several cancers, allowing cellular description as well as quantitative measurements of AF or SHG and their correlation with clinical outcomes.
MPM has shown great improvement in providing a real time assessment of fresh tissue, giving oncologic diagnosis, performing
imaging and quantitative analysis of the tissue as well as increasing precision of the diagnosis. This nonlinear optical technique has the potential of guiding both biopsy and surgery, as well as helping the surgeon with interesting additional tissue information intra-operatively.
BACKGROUND: To compare dosimetric parameters of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) in post-operative patients of vulvar cancer and to assess clinical ...outcome and toxicity with IMRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 8 post-operative patients of vulvar cancer were treated with IMRT. All patients were also planned by 3DCRT for comparison with IMRT. The two plans were compared in terms of conformity index, homogeneity index, tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for the planning target volume and organs at risk (OAR). RESULTS: IMRT resulted in significantly lesser doses to rectum, bladder, bowel and femoral head as compared with 3DCRT plans. Mean conformity and homogeneity indices were better and within range with IMRT. The TCP was comparable between the two treatment plans and NTCP for rectum, bladder, bowel and femoral head was significantly less with IMRT as compared with 3DCRT. Treatment was well-tolerated and none of the patients developed Grade 3 or higher toxicity. CONCLUSION: IMRT yielded superior plans with respect to target coverage, homogeneity and conformality while lowering dose to adjacent OAR as compared with 3DCRT. Thus, IMRT offers a reduction in NTCP while maintaining TCP.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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