The current study investigates whether and how Facebook increases college-age users' subjective well-being by focusing on the number of Facebook friends and self-presentation strategies (positive vs. ...honest). A structural equation modeling analysis of cross-sectional survey data of college student Facebook users (N=391) revealed that the number of Facebook friends had a positive association with subjective well-being, but this association was not mediated by perceived social support. Additionally, we found that there was a negative curvilinear (inverted U-shape curve) relationship between Facebook friends and perceived social support. As for self-presentation strategies, whereas positive self-presentation had a direct effect on subjective well-being, honest self-presentation had a significant indirect effect on subjective well-being through perceived social support. Our study suggests that the number of Facebook friends and positive self-presentation may enhance users' subjective well-being, but this portion of happiness may not be grounded in perceived social support. On the other hand, honest self-presentation may enhance happiness rooted in social support provided by Facebook friends. Implications of our findings are discussed in light of affirmation of self-worth, time and effort required for building and maintaining friendships, and the important role played by self-disclosure in signaling one's need for social support.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is highly regarded in the field of dentistry. Three-dimensional printed resin restorations must undergo a washing process to remove residual resin on the ...surface after they have been manufactured. However, the effect of the use of different washing solutions and washing times on the biocompatibility of the resulting resin restorations is unclear. Therefore, we prepared 3D-printed denture teeth and crown and bridge resin, and then washed them with two washing solutions (isopropyl alcohol and tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether) using different time points (3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min). After this, the cell viability, cytotoxicity, and status of human gingival fibroblasts were evaluated using confocal laser scanning. We also analyzed the flexural strength, flexural modulus, and surface SEM imaging. Increasing the washing time increased the cell viability and decreased the cytotoxicity (
< 0.001). Confocal laser scanning showed distinct differences in the morphology and number of fibroblasts. Increasing the washing time did not significantly affect the flexural strength and surface, but the flexural modulus of the 90 min washing group was 1.01 ± 0.21 GPa (mean ± standard deviation), which was lower than that of all the other groups and decreased as the washing time increased. This study confirmed that the washing time affected the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of 3D printed dental resins.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Piezoelectric nanomaterials that can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by piezoelectric polarization under an external mechanical force have emerged as an effective platform for cancer therapy. ...In this study, piezoelectric 2D WS2 nanosheets are functionalized with mitochondria‐targeting triphenylphosphonium (TPP) for ultrasound (US)‐triggered, mitochondria‐targeted piezodynamic cancer therapy. In addition, a glycolysis inhibitor (FX11) that can inhibit cellular energy metabolism is loaded into TPP‐ and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐conjugated WS2 nanosheet (TPEG‐WS2) to potentiate its therapeutic efficacy. Upon US irradiation, the sono‐excited electrons and holes generated in the WS2 are efficiently separated by piezoelectric polarization, which subsequently promotes the production of ROS. FX11‐loaded TPEG‐WS2 (FX11@TPEG‐WS2) selectively accumulates in the mitochondria of human breast cancer cells. In addition, FX11@TPEG‐WS2 effectively inhibits the production of adenosine triphosphate . Thus, FX11@TPEG‐WS2 exhibits outstanding anticancer effects under US irradiation. An in vivo study using tumor‐xenograft mice demonstrates that FX11@TPEG‐WS2 effectively accumulated in the tumors. Its tumor accumulation is visualized using in vivo computed tomography . Notably, FX11@TPEG‐WS2 with US irradiation remarkably suppresses the tumor growth of mice without systemic toxicity. This study demonstrates that the combination of piezodynamic therapy and energy metabolism‐targeted chemotherapy using mitochondria‐targeting 2D WS2 is a novel strategy for the selective and effective treatment of tumors.
Piezocatalytic 2D WS2 nanosheets are developed for efficient cancer treatment via ultrasound‐triggered piezodynamic cancer therapy. 2D WS2 nanosheets are functionalized with mitochondrial‐targeting triphenylphosphonium to significantly enhance their anticancer efficacy via mitochondria‐targeted piezodynamic therapy. FX11, a potent glycolysis inhibitor that can inhibit cellular energy metabolism, is loaded into WS2 nanosheets to synergistically potentiate the piezodynamic cancer therapy.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Printing orientation is an important decision in the initial steps of additive manufacturing, affecting printing accuracy and the mechanical properties of printed products. In addition, printing ...orientation determines the building direction of layers and the layer-by-layer configuration forming the surface geometry.
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of printing orientation on the printing accuracy, flexural strength, surface characteristics, and microbial response of 3D-printed denture base resin.
Specimens were printed with denture base polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in 3 printing orientations (0, 45, and 90 degrees). The printing error rate, flexural strength, roughness, hydrophilicity, surface energy, and response to Candida albicans (C. albicans) were evaluated.
Specimens printed at a 90-degree orientation showed the lowest error rates for length (P<.001), and those printed at a 45-degree orientation showed statistically higher error rates for thickness than those of other groups (P<.001). Flexural strength increased in order of the specimens printed at orientation degrees of 90<45<0 with statistical significance. The 45-degree oriented specimens showed higher roughness and surface energy than those of other groups (P<.001). A higher proportion of C. albicans was found in the specimens printed at orientation degrees of 90<45<0 with statistical significance.
Printing orientation significantly influenced the printing accuracy, flexural strength, roughness, and response to C. albicans. Therefore, the printing orientation should be carefully decided to fabricate products with appropriate properties.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
To identify genetic factors influencing quantitative traits of biomedical importance, we conducted a genome-wide association study in 8,842 samples from population-based cohorts recruited in Korea. ...For height and body mass index, most variants detected overlapped those reported in European samples. For the other traits examined, replication of promising GWAS signals in 7,861 independent Korean samples identified six previously unknown loci. For pulse rate, signals reaching genome-wide significance mapped to chromosomes 1q32 (rs12731740, P = 2.9 x 10(-9)) and 6q22 (rs12110693, P = 1.6 x 10(-9)), with the latter approximately 400 kb from the coding sequence of GJA1. For systolic blood pressure, the most compelling association involved chromosome 12q21 and variants near the ATP2B1 gene (rs17249754, P = 1.3 x 10(-7)). For waist-hip ratio, variants on chromosome 12q24 (rs2074356, P = 7.8 x 10(-12)) showed convincing associations, although no regional transcript has strong biological candidacy. Finally, we identified two loci influencing bone mineral density at multiple sites. On chromosome 7q31, rs7776725 (within the FAM3C gene) was associated with bone density at the radius (P = 1.0 x 10(-11)), tibia (P = 1.6 x 10(-6)) and heel (P = 1.9 x 10(-10)). On chromosome 7p14, rs1721400 (mapping close to SFRP4, a frizzled protein gene) showed consistent associations at the same three sites (P = 2.2 x 10(-3), P = 1.4 x 10(-7) and P = 6.0 x 10(-4), respectively). This large-scale GWA analysis of well-characterized Korean population-based samples highlights previously unknown biological pathways.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract Statement of problem Intraoral scanners have been reported to have limited accuracy in edentulous areas. Large amounts of mobile tissue and the lack of obvious anatomic landmarks make it ...difficult to acquire a precise digital impression of an edentulous area with an intraoral scanner. Purpose The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of an artificial landmark on a long edentulous space on the accuracy outcomes of intraoral digital impressions. Material and methods A mandibular model containing 4 prepared teeth and an edentulous space of 26 mm in length was used. A blue-light light-emitting diode tabletop scanner was used as a control scanner, and 3 intraoral scanners were used as experimental groups. Five scans were made using each intraoral scanner without an artificial landmark, and another 5 scans were performed after application of an artificial landmark (a 4×3 mm alumina material) on the edentulous area. The obtained datasets were used to evaluate trueness and precision. Results Without an artificial landmark on the edentulous area, the mean trueness for the intraoral scanner ranged from 36.1 to 38.8 μm and the mean precision ranged from 13.0 to 43.6 μm. With an artificial landmark on the edentulous area, accuracy was improved significantly: the mean trueness was 26.7 to 31.8 μm, and the mean precision was 9.2 to 12.4 μm. Conclusions The use of an alumina artificial landmark in an edentulous space improved the trueness and precision of the intraoral scanners tested.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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•Laver extracts through infusion and ultrasound-assisted extraction were optimised.•RSM and RSM-ANN-GA methods were used to compare and optimise extraction condition.•RSM-ANN-GA ...provided better predictability and greater accuracy than the RSM model.•Laver extract from UAE gave higher values of responses compared to those from IE.
This research established the optimal conditions for infusion extraction (IE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive components from laver (Porphyra dentata) using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network coupled with genetic algorithm (RSM-ANN-GA). The variables, temperatures (60, 80, and 100 ℃) and times (10, 15, and 20 min) were designed to optimise total phenolic, total flavonoid, total amino acid, a* value, and R-phycoerythrin content of laver extract. The optimised condition for IE and UAE was achieved at 60 ℃ for 18.08 min and 80.66℃ for 14.76 min in RSM while showing 60 ℃ for 19 min and 80℃ for 15 min in the RSM-ANN-GA mode, respectively. Results revealed that RSM-ANN-GA provided better predictability and greater accuracy than the RSM model and laver extract from UAE gave the higher values of responses compared to those from IE. These findings highlight the high-efficient extraction method along with better statistical approach.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Poly(A) tails are critical for mRNA stability and translation. However, recent studies have challenged this view, showing that poly(A) tail length and translation efficiency are decoupled in ...non-embryonic cells. Using TAIL-seq and ribosome profiling, we investigate poly(A) tail dynamics and translational control in the somatic cell cycle. We find dramatic changes in poly(A) tail lengths of cell-cycle regulatory genes like CDK1, TOP2A, and FBXO5, explaining their translational repression in M phase. We also find that poly(A) tail length is coupled to translation when the poly(A) tail is <20 nucleotides. However, as most genes have >20 nucleotide poly(A) tails, their translation is regulated mainly via poly(A) tail length-independent mechanisms during the cell cycle. Specifically, we find that terminal oligopyrimidine (TOP) tract-containing transcripts escape global translational suppression in M phase and are actively translated. Our quantitative and comprehensive data provide a revised view of translational control in the somatic cell cycle.
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•TAIL-seq reveals dynamic changes in poly(A) tail length during somatic cell cycle•Oligo-dT capture can lead to a bias in quantification of deadenylated mRNAs•Poly(A) tail length correlates with translation rate only to a threshold of ∼20 nt•Genes with the TOP element escape translational suppression in M phase
By combining transcriptome, 3′-terminome, and translatome data, Park et al. unveil dynamic regulation of poly(A) tail length and translation during somatic cell cycle. They discover the impact of poly(A) tail on translation within a limited range (<∼20 nt) and find the selective escape of TOP genes from mitotic translational suppression.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Scope
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in the transcriptional regulation of various genes which can contribute to metabolic disorders. Although sulforaphane (SFN), a natural HDAC ...inhibitor, has been reported to alleviate obesity in humans and mice, the specific mechanisms and how HDACs contribute to SFN's anti‐obesity effects remain unclear.
Methods and results
Oral administration of SFN in mice fed high‐fat diet increases peroxisome proliferator activating receptor γ coactivator (PGC1α)‐induced mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. Among HDACs, SFN specifically inhibits HDAC8 activity. SFN enhances mitochondrial DNA and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in C2C12 myotubes, similar to the action of PCI34051, a synthetic HDAC8‐specific inhibitor. These effects are mediated by increased expression of PGC1α via upregulation of cAMP response element binding (CREB, Ser133) phosphorylation and p53 (Lys379) acetylation. These SFN‐induced effects are not observed in cells with a genetic deletion of HDAC8, suggesting the existence of a regulatory loop between HDAC8 and PGC1α in SFN's action.
Conclusion
SFN prevents obesity‐related metabolic dysregulation by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function via targeting the HDAC8‐PGCα axis. These results suggest SFN as a beneficial anti‐obesity agent providing new insight into the role of HDAC8 in the PGC1α‐mediated mitochondrial biogenesis, which may be a novel and promising drug target for metabolic diseases.
Sulforaphane (SFN) increases mitochondrial biogenesis via peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC1α) in skeletal muscle. As a natural histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, SFN specifically inhibits HDAC8 activity resulting in the increase of the expression of PGC1α by upregulating the phosphorylation of CREB (Ser133) and the acetylation of p53 (Lys379) in an HDAC8‐dependent pathway. SFN‐mediated mitochondrial biogenesis through PGC1α protects against high‐fat diet‐induced obesity and insulin resistance.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is increasingly being utilized in the dental field. After fabricating a prosthesis using a 3D printed resin, a post-curing process is required to improve its ...mechanical properties, but there has been insufficient research on the optimal post-curing conditions. We used various 3D printed crown and bridge materials in this study, and evaluated the changes in their properties according to post-curing time by evaluating the flexural strength, Weibull modulus, Vickers hardness, color change, degree of conversion, and biocompatibility. The obtained results confirmed that the strength of the 3D printed resin increased when it was post-cured for 60–90 min. The Vickers hardness, the degree of conversion, and biocompatibility of the 3D printed resins increased significantly around the beginning of the post-curing time, and then increased more gradually as the post-curing time increased further. It was observed that the color tone also changed as the post-curing time increased, with some groups showing a ΔE00 value of ≥ 2.25, which can be recognized clinically. This study has confirmed that, after the printing process of a 3D printed resin was completed, a sufficient post-curing time of at least 60 min is required to improve the overall clinical performance of the produced material.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
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