Elliptic genus of E-strings Kim, Joonho; Kim, Seok; Lee, Kimyeong ...
The journal of high energy physics,
09/2017, Volume:
2017, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We study a family of 2d
N
=
0
,
4
gauge theories which describes at low energy the dynamics of E-strings, the M2-branes suspended between a pair of M5 and M9 branes. The gauge theory is ...engineered using a duality with type IIA theory, leading to the D2-branes suspended between an NS5-brane and 8 D8-branes on an O8-plane. We compute the elliptic genus of this family of theories, and find agreement with the known results for single and two E-strings. The partition function can in principle be computed for arbitrary number of E-strings, and we compute them explicitly for low numbers. We test our predictions against the partially known results from topological strings, as well as from the instanton calculus of 5d Sp(1) gauge theory. Given the relation to topological strings, our computation provides the all genus partition function of the refined topological strings on the canonical bundle over
1
2
K
3
.
On elliptic genera of 6d string theories Kim, Joonho; Lee, Kimyeong; Park, Jaemo
The journal of high energy physics,
10/2018, Volume:
2018, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We study the elliptic genera of 6d strings based on their modular properties. They are weak Jacobi forms of weight 0, whose indices are determined from the 2d chiral anomalies. We propose ...the ansatz for the elliptic genera which reflects the analytic structure of instanton partition functions. Given a finite amount of initial BPS data, we completely determine the elliptic genera of 6d strings in various 6d SCFTs. We also apply our ansatz to study
N
=
2
0
and (1, 1) little strings as well as
N
=
1
0
heterotic little strings, for which T-duality of little string theories supplies a sufficient number of initial BPS data. The anomaly polynomials of 6d little strings are worked out, which is needed for the elliptic genera bootstrap. In some little string theories, the elliptic genera must have the extra contributions from the Coulomb branch, which correspond to the additional zero modes for the full strings. The modified ansatze for such elliptic genera are also discussed.
Wilson surfaces in M5-branes Agarwal, Prarit; Kim, Joonho; Kim, Seok ...
The journal of high energy physics,
08/2018, Volume:
2018, Issue:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We study Wilson surface defects in 6d
N
=
2
0
superconformal field theories, engineered by semi-infinite M2-branes intersecting M5-branes. Two independent approaches are used to obtain the ...Wilson surface observables on the
T
2
inside Ω-deformed
R
4
×
T
2
. One approach is to compute 5d
N
=
1
*
instanton partition functions in the presence of Wilson lines, where the instanton corrections capture the 6d Kaluza-Klein momentum modes. The other approach is to study the elliptic genera of 2d
N
=
0
4
gauge theories, which we propose as describing 6d self-dual strings in the presence of Wilson surface defects. We make a detailed comparison between these two independent computations, which precisely agree for Wilson surfaces in minuscule representations; for non-minuscule representations instead we only find partial agreement, due to technical problems which we comment about.
Higgsing towards E-strings Kim, Joonho; Kim, Seok; Lee, Kimyeong
The journal of high energy physics,
01/2021, Volume:
2021, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We explore 6d (1
,
0) superconformal field theories with SU(3) and SU(2) gauge symmetries which cascade after Higgsing to the E-string theory on a single M5 near an
E
8
wall. Specifically, ...we study the 2d
N
= (0
,
4) gauge theories which describe self-dual strings of these 6d theories. The self-dual strings can be also viewed as instanton string solitons of 6d Yang-Mills theories. We find the 2d anomaly-free gauge theories for self-dual strings, amending the naive ADHM gauge theories which are anomalous, and calculate their elliptic genera. While these 2d theories respect the flavor symmetry of each 6d SCFT only partially, their elliptic genera manifest the symmetry fully as these functions as BPS index are invariant in strongly coupled IR limit. Our consistent 2d (0
,
4) gauge theories also provide new insights on the non-linear sigma models for the instanton strings, providing novel UV completions of the small instanton singularities. Finally, we construct new 2d quiver gauge theories for the self-dual strings in 6d E-string theory for multiple M5-branes probing the
E
8
wall, and find their fully refined elliptic genera.
6d string chains Gadde, Abhijit; Haghighat, Babak; Kim, Joonho ...
The journal of high energy physics,
02/2018, Volume:
2018, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We consider bound states of strings which arise in 6d (1,0) SCFTs that are realized in F-theory in terms of linear chains of spheres with negative self-intersections 1,2, and 4. These ...include the strings associated to
N
small
E
8
instantons, as well as the ones associated to M5 branes probing A and D type singularities in M-theory or D5 branes probing ADE singularities in Type IIB string theory. We find that these bound states of strings admit (0,4) supersymmetric quiver descriptions and show how one can compute their elliptic genera.
Instantons from blow-up Kim, Joonho; Kim, Sung-Soo; Lee, Ki-Hong ...
The journal of high energy physics,
11/2019, Volume:
2019, Issue:
11
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We generalize Nakajima-Yoshioka blowup equations to arbitrary gauge group with hypermultiplets in arbitrary representations. Using our blowup equations, we compute the instanton partition ...functions for 4d
N
= 2 and 5d
N
= 1 gauge theories for arbitrary gauge theory with a large class of matter representations, without knowing explicit construction of the instanton moduli space. Our examples include exceptional gauge theories with fundamentals, SO(
N
) gauge theories with spinors, and SU(6) gauge theories with rank-3 antisymmetric hypers. Remarkably, the instanton partition function is completely determined by the perturbative part.
We explore the effectiveness of variational quantum circuits in simulating the ground states of quantum many-body Hamiltonians. We show that generic high-depth circuits, performing a sequence of ...layer unitaries of the same form, can accurately approximate the desired states. We demonstrate their universal success by using two Hamiltonian systems with very different properties: the transverse field Ising model and the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. The energy landscape of the high-depth circuits has a proper structure for the gradient-based optimization, i.e., the presence of local extrema—near any random initial points—reaching the ground level energy. We further test the circuit's capability of replicating random quantum states by minimizing the Euclidean distance.
Full text
Available for:
CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Little strings on D n orbifolds Kim, Joonho; Lee, Kimyeong
The journal of high energy physics,
10/2017, Volume:
2017, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Abstract We explore two classes of 6d N = 1 0 $$ \mathcal{N}=\left(1,0\right) $$ little string theories obtained from type IIA/IIB NS5-branes probing D n singularities. Their tensor branches are ...described by effective gauge theories whose instanton solitons are macroscopic little strings. We specifically study two families of 2d N = 0 4 $$ \mathcal{N}=\left(0,4\right) $$ gauge theories which describe at low energy the worldsheet dynamics of the type IIA/IIB little strings. These gauge theories are useful to calculate the supersymmetric partition functions of the little string theories on R 4 × T 2. We establish the T-duality of the little string theories by utilizing their BPS spectra as a probe.
A 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 Cardy Formula Kim, Joonho; Kim, Seok; Song, Jaewon
The journal of high energy physics,
01/2021, Volume:
2021, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We study the asymptotic behavior of the (modified) superconformal index for 4d
$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 gauge theory. By considering complexified chemical potential, we find that the ...‘high-temperature limit’ of the index can be written in terms of the conformal anomalies 3
c −
2
a
. We also find macroscopic entropy from our asymptotic free energy when the Hofman-Maldacena bound 1/2 <
a
/
c
< 3/2 for the interacting SCFT is satisfied. We study
$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 theories that are dual to AdS
5
×
Y
p,p
and find that the Cardy limit of our index accounts for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of large black holes.
Recently, the optical counterpart of the gravitational-wave source GW170817 has been identified in the NGC 4993 galaxy. Together with evidence from observations in electromagnetic waves, the event ...has been suggested as a result of a merger of two neutron stars (NSs). We analyze the multi-wavelength data to characterize the host galaxy property and its distance to examine if the properties of NGC 4993 are consistent with this picture. Our analysis shows that NGC 4993 is a bulge-dominated galaxy with and a Sérsic index of for the bulge component. The spectral energy distribution from 0.15 to 24 m indicates that this galaxy has no significant ongoing star formation, a mean stellar mass of , a mean stellar age greater than ∼3 Gyr, and a metallicity of about 20%-100% of solar abundance. Optical images reveal dust lanes and extended features that suggest a past merging activity. Overall, NGC 4993 has characteristics of normal, but slightly disturbed elliptical galaxies. Furthermore, we derive the distance to NGC 4993 with the fundamental plane relation using 17 parameter sets of 7 different filters and the central stellar velocity dispersion from the literature, finding an angular diameter distance of 37.7 8.7 Mpc. NGC 4993 is similar to some host galaxies of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) but much different from those of long GRBs, supporting the picture of GW170817 as a result of the merger of two NSs.
PDF
