Iron sulfide (as mackinawite, FeS) has shown considerable promise as a material for the removal of As(III) under anoxic conditions. However, as a nanoparticulate material, synthetic FeS is not ...suitable for use in conventional permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). This study developed a methodology for coating a natural silica sand to produce a material of an appropriate diameter for a PRB. Aging time, pH, rinse time, and volume ratios were varied, with a maximum coating of 4.0 mg FeS/g sand achieved using a pH 5.5 solution at a 1:4 volume ratio (sand: 2 g/L FeS suspension), three days of aging and no rinsing. Comparing the mass deposited on the sand, which had a natural iron-oxide coating, with and without chemical washing showed that the iron-oxide coating was essential to the formation of a stable FeS coating. Scanning electron microscopy images of the FeS-coated sand showed a patchwise FeS surface coating. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed a partial oxidation of the Fe(II) to Fe(III) during the coating process, and some oxidation of S to polysulfides. Removal of As(III) by FeS-coated sand was 30% of that by nanoparticulate FeS at pH 5 and 7. At pH 9, the relative removal was 400%, perhaps due to the natural oxide coating of the sand or a secondary mineral phase from mackinawite oxidation. Although many studies have investigated the coating of sands with iron oxides, little prior work reports coating with iron sulfides. The results suggest that a suitable PRB material for the removal of As(III) under anoxic conditions can be produced through the deposition of a coating of FeS onto natural silica sand with an iron-oxide coating.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
As people age, the risk and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), along with cholesterol levels, tend to increase. Nevertheless, epidemiological studies on serum lipids and CRC have produced ...conflicting results. We previously demonstrated that the reduction of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) due to accumulated cholesterol within cells accelerates CRC progression through the activation of the β‐catenin pathway. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which age‐related cholesterol accumulation within tissue accelerates CRC progression and to assess the clinical significance of SQLE in older individuals with elevated CRC risk. Using machine learning‐based digital image analysis with fluorescence‐immunohistochemistry, we assessed SQLE, GSK3βpS9 (GSK3β activity inhibition through serine 9 phosphorylation at GSK3β), p53 wild‐type (p53WT), and p53 mutant (p53MT) levels in CRC tissues. Our analysis revealed a significant reduction in SQLE, p53WT, and p53MT and increase in GSK3βpS9 levels, all associated with the substantial accumulation of intra‐tissue cholesterol in aged CRCs. Cox analysis underscored the significant influence of SQLE on overall survival and progression‐free survival in grade 2–3 CRC patients aged over 50. SQLE and GSK3βpS9 consistently exhibited outstanding prognostic and diagnostic performance, particularly in older individuals. Furthermore, combining SQLE with p53WT, p53MT, and GSK3βpS9 demonstrated a robust diagnostic ability in the older population. In conclusion, we have identified that individuals aged over 50 face an increased risk of CRC progression due to aging‐linked cholesterol accumulation within tissue and the subsequent reduction in SQLE levels. This study also provides valuable biomarkers, including SQLE and GSK3βpS9, for older patients at elevated risk of CRC.
As people age, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer, as well as high cholesterol levels, increases. Age‐related accumulation of cholesterol accelerates CRC progression in humans by reducing SQLE, inhibiting GSK3β, and suppressing the p53 pathway, thereby providing valuable biomarkers for populations at high risk of CRC.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To insert the regular-sized stem for a dysplastic femoral canal, controlled episiotomy of the femur can be performed. The purpose of this study is to determine the long-term (up to 19 years) results ...of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) using strut allografts combined with an episiotomy over an extensively porous-coated stem.
We reviewed the results of 65 total hip arthroplasties in 63 patients (mean age 42.1 years; range 21-61) with dysplastic femur after childhood sepsis. The patients were treated using controlled episiotomy of the femur to widen the femoral canal, extensively porous-coated femoral stems, and cortical strut allografts because primary axial or rotational stability could not be achieved without grafting. The mean follow-up was 17.1 years (range 15-19).
The mean Harris Hip Score at the final follow-up was 85 ± 15 points (range 45-100). The mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score was 23 ± 15 points (range 13-53). The mean University of California, Los Angeles score was 6.3 points (range 5-8). A Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis at 19 years of follow-up showed that the survival rate of the femoral components was 92% (95% confidence interval 89-98), and it was 88% (95% confidence interval 85-92) for the acetabular component with aseptic loosening or revision for any reason.
We found good results in terms of longevity and functional outcome using this technique. Future mechanical studies, in addition to controlled clinical studies, are warranted.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The purpose of this study is to evaluate various means of wind power turbines installation in the Korean west–south wind farm (Test bed 100 MW, Demonstrate site 400 MW). We presented the marine ...environment of the southwest offshore wind farm in order to decide the appropriate installation vessel to be used in this site. The various vessels would be WTIV (Wind turbine installation vessel), jack-up barge, or floating crane … etc. We analyzed the installation cost of offshore wind turbine and the transportation duration for each vessel. The analysis results showed the most suitable installation means for offshore wind turbine in the Korean west–south wind farm.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The Children in Disaster: Evaluation and Recovery (CIDER) program in Korea was developed to treat children and adolescents exposed to trauma. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ...CIDER through a comparison with controls.
A total of 85 participants consisted of the intervention group (n=41) and control group (n=44). We assessed the changes in trauma-related symptoms, depression, anxiety, and improvements in quality of life before and after the intervention.
In total, bullying and school violence (44.7%) were the most common trauma, followed by sexual abuse (17.6%). Acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) accounted for 41.2%, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental disorder were the most common comorbidities (51.8%). The symptoms of trauma, depression, anxiety, and quality of life improved significantly in the intervention group, while the control group did not show significant changes.
Compared with the control group, the CIDER improved symptoms and quality of life in children and adolescents who had experienced trauma. The CIDER program was practical and easy to apply, even for different ages, types of traumas, and comorbidities.
Nutritional risk screening (NRS) score has been reported as a predictor of postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing abdominal surgery, although the correlation between NRS and anastomotic ...leakage (AL) after rectal cancer surgery is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the association between NRS score and AL following rectal cancer surgery.
We retrospectively reviewed data of rectal cancer patients from a tertiary referral center in South Korea, and included 1063 patients with primary rectal cancer who underwent sphincter-preserving surgery between January 2011 and December 2015. We utilized the Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital-Nutritional Risk Screening Tool (CNUHH-NRST), which was developed and cross-validated on the basis of the NRS 2002 and MST, as a screening tool of nutritional risk. Patients with NRS scores ≥4 were compared with those with NRS scores <4, and the risk factors for AL were analyzed.
One-hundred-nineteen (11.2%) patients had high nutritional risk (NRS score ≥4). The patients with a nutritional risk had more advanced tumor stages than those without nutritional risk. AL occurred in 69 (6.5%) patients. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed high American Society of Anesthesiologists score (odds ratio (OR) = 2.435, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.085-5.469), long operative time (OR = 1.975, 95% CI = 1.177-3.313), and high NRS score (OR = 2.044, 95% CI = 1.085-3.851) as independent risk factors of AL.
The NRS score was an independent predictive factor of AL after rectal cancer surgery. Patients with nutritional risks who require rectal cancer surgery should be carefully managed.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
Complex karyotype (CK) is associated with a poor prognosis in both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts (MDS-EB). Transcriptomic analyses have improved our ...understanding of the disease and risk stratification of myeloid neoplasms; however, CK-specific gene expression signatures have been rarely investigated. In this study, we developed and validated a CK-specific gene expression signature. Differential gene expression analysis between the CK and non-CK groups using data from 348 patients with AML and MDS-EB from four cohorts revealed enrichment of the downregulated genes localized on chromosome 5q or 7q, suggesting that haploinsufficiency due to the deletion of these chromosomes possibly underlies CK pathogenesis. We built a robust transcriptional model for CK prediction using LASSO regression for gene subset selection and validated it using the leave-one-out cross-validation method for fitting the logistic regression model. We established a 10-gene CK signature (CKS) predictive of CK with high predictive accuracy (accuracy 94.22%; AUC 0.977). CKS was significantly associated with shorter overall survival in three independent cohorts, and was comparable to that of previously established risk stratification models for AML. Furthermore, we explored of therapeutic targets among the genes comprising CKS and identified the dysregulated expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, which is potentially amenable to SOD1 inhibitors.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
This meta-analysis was designed to compare clinical outcomes, including knee scale score and nonunion rate, of patients with periprosthetic supracondylar fractures of the distal femur after ...total knee arthroplasty (TKA) who were treated using locking compression plates and retrograde intramedullary nails.
Methods
Studies were included in this meta-analysis if they compared clinical outcomes, including operation time, Knee Society Score (KSS), time to union, nonunion rate, and revision rate due to nonunion, in patients who underwent locking compression plate or retrograde intramedullary nail for periprosthetic distal femur fractures following TKA.
Results
Eight studies were included in this meta-analysis. Mean operation time was 11 min shorter (95 % CI −9.56 to 31.33 min; n.s.) and KSS one point higher (95 % CI −8.88 to 11.10; n.s.) with retrograde intramedullary nail than with locking compression plate, but these differences were not statistically significant. The two groups were also similar in mean time to union (0.46 weeks 95 % CI −1.17 to 2.08 weeks; n.s.), the proportion of subjects with nonunion (OR 0.83, 95 % CI 0.26–2.60; n.s.) and the proportion that underwent revision surgery (OR 0.88, 95 % CI 0.32–2.40; n.s.).
Conclusions
Clinical outcomes, including nonunion and revision rates, were similar in patients who underwent locking compression plate and retrograde intramedullary nail fixation for periprosthetic supracondylar femoral fracture following TKA. Orthopaedic surgeons must train to master both the retrograde intramedullary nail and locking compression plate techniques because both approaches can be considered for periprosthetic distal femur fracture after TKA as they have similar clinicoradiologic outcomes.
Level of evidence
II.
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EMUNI, FSPLJ, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Steel structures are often protected by paint coating, but the coating easily deteriorates at structural connections because moisture and dust accumulate at the contact. This leads to the local ...corrosion on the steel members near the contact and a reduction in tensile performance. The corrosion characteristics and tensile strength of steel plates with a concrete block are investigated. Four types of specimens were prepared, and each type had an unpainted area with different lengths away from the contact boundary. An accelerated cyclic corrosion test was conducted for 600 cycles using CCT-I test conditions specified in the ASTM D 6899–03 standard. To analyze the corrosion characteristics, the surface geometry of corroded specimens was measured in 1 mm × 1 mm intervals by an optical 3D measurement system. The average corrosion depth outside the concrete block was proportional to the unpainted area, and the average corrosion depth inside the concrete block was accelerated in unpainted areas. The two average corrosion depths have a power regression relationship, so the average corrosion depth inside the concrete block can be estimated from the average corrosion depth outside it. A simple method for quantitatively defining the residual thickness is proposed in terms of the effective thickness and the residual tensile strength, which can be evaluated using the effective thickness. Compared to previously proposed methods for this purpose, the effective thickness has higher accuracy.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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