Cultivation of microalgas gains popularity in the different countries in recent years. As a result of such intensive development of production the extensive experience in constructioning of various ...types of bioreactors was gained. The bioreactor for cultivation of microalgas having the cylindrical housing divided by horizontal partitions into sections for input and output of cultural liquid and additional section with an internal specular surface, the bubble device and gate stirrers fixed on blades, the rigidly bound to shaft is developed. Planetary rotation of gate stirrers concerning a shaft creates additional turbulization of the environment, provides alignment of concentration of cells of biomass, prevents emergence of hold-up spots, a premature deposition of cages of culture on the bottom of the device and increases efficiency of cultivation of microalgas. In the main section suspension of a microalga is exposed to the uniform light energy by means of coaxially established filament lamp of a daylight and to reflection of light from an internal specular surface of a housing. In the course of irradiating the filament lamp distinguishes warmth which is compensated by supply of the cooling air the Main difference from other bioreactors the impeller mixer fixed to a shaft in the bottom of a housing, preventing stratifying of the biomass pulp leaving more heavy is obespechivashchy full circulation of cultural liquid in the bottom of the device as in the horizontal, and vertical planes, at minimum mechanical energy consumptions. This device allows to create additional turbulization of the environment, to provide the uniform aeration, decrease in a power consumption on supply of steam-and-gas mixture in a collector, to prevent formation of "stagnant" zones in the bottom of the device.
In order to describe sulfide-silicate liquid immiscibility, coefficients and constants in sulfide thermobarometer equation
X
S
= EXP(
A
/
T
− β
P
/
T
−
B
−
CT
−
− Σ
J
i
X
i
) were determined by ...multidi-mensional statistic analysis of a data set of more than 200 quench experiments on the solubility of sulfide sulfur in dry basaltic melts. Experiments characterize the sulfide-silicate equilibrium in a wide range of compositions, temperatures (1115-1800°C), pressures (1 atm-90 kbar) and oxygen fugacities (
from −3.7 to −12.2). The average difference between experimental and calculated values of sulfur contents in sulfide-saturated basaltic melts is close to zero (0.0006 mol %), which indicates the absence of a systematic shift. The values of 5% confidence interval are described by equation ±(0.415
C
S
2
− 0.211
C
S
+ 0.038) (
C
S
in mol %) and fall within the range from ±0.012 to ±0.076 mol %. Proposed thermobarometer is presently a single thermobarometer that provides accuracy better than ±10 rel % of sulfur content, not logarithmic contents, within concentration range of 0.1-0.7 mol %. Verification of the thermobarometer on the basis of layered intrusion data showed that the proposed thermobarometer predicts the position of cumulus sulfide in the vertical sections of the Tsipringa and Kivakka intrusions with an accuracy of ±70 meters. At the same time, the reliable local prediction of layering-associated low-sulfide mineralization is impossible in the framework of model with ideal convective magma mixing in a chamber.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The paper addresses the current understanding of the inner structure of the layered intrusions at Dufek Massif in the Pensacola Mountains and the Utpostane and Muren intrusions in Queen Maud Land, ...Antarctica, which are still poorly known to Russian geologists. The magmatic events at approximately 180 Ma, including the emplacement of layered intrusions, are thought to had predated the breakup of the Gondwana supercontinent. The spatiotemporal similarities of the intrusions determine the importance of the problem of whether they were produced by a single or more than one parental magmas, which are thought to have been derived under the effect of a superplume.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Original program based on Huang algorithm was used to calculate the concentrations of coexisting phases in quench experiments with the known bulk compositions of systems and phases. Using this ...procedure, we rejected the disequilibrium experiments from experimental series with the similar bulk (starting) composition of charge and calculated crystallization proportions for the olivine-plagioclase and olivine-plagioclase-augite cotectics. The statistically valid dependence was established for the first time between crystallization proportions for the olivine-plagioclase cotectics and #An of the melt. Experimentally obtained data on the
Ol-Pl
and
Ol-Pl-Aug
crystallization proportions were compared with values obtained by numerical simulation of the equilibrium crystallization of basaltic melts using COMAGMAT software. It was shown that the basic version COMAGMAT-3.5 Program with a standard set of liquidus thermometers satisfactorily reproduces the crystallization proportions in these cotectics for basaltic melts. Simulation of crystallization for more silicic magmas requires calibrating liquidus thermometers for modeled compositional range. Only single experimental estimates were obtained for other cotectics.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The spectrometer ANKE has been put into operation at the accelerator COSY of the Forschungszentrum Jülich in spring 1998. An initial scientific goal is to study K
+-production in pA collisions at ...subthreshold energies far below the free NN-threshold at
T
p=1.58
GeV. This requires the identification of K
+-mesons in a background of pions and protons, about 10
6 times more intense. In this paper the sophisticated detection system and the software procedures for kaon identification are described. With the help of TOF, energy-loss and range measurements as well as the track information from wire chambers, it is possible to measure
d
2σ/
dΩ
dp
for deep subthreshold K
+ production at beam energies down to
T
p=1.0
GeV.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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