The structural, magnetic, and optical properties of mesoscale particles in the form of Au/Fe/Au layered disks and Ni@Au nanotubes have been studied. The disks were produced by electron-beam ...lithography followed by deposition of functional layers. Ni nanotubes were obtained by template synthesis using electrochemical deposition into pores of ion track membranes. They were removed from the templates and the resulting powders were covered with gold by chemical modification. Ferromagnetic structures coated with plasmonic metals demonstrate a high photothermal conversion efficiency in the region of plasmon resonance. Together with their magnetic properties, such as the vortex magnetic state, these structures are promising for biomedical applications.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Previously unknown conjugates of substituted piperazines with various functional groups on the N atom and the natural sesquiterpene lactones alantolactone, isoalantolactone, and alloalantolactone, ...the main constituents of the plant
Inula helenium
, were synthesized using Michael reaction. Cytotoxicity of the natural sesquiterpene lactones and their conjugates was studied in vitro. The compounds were shown to exhibit antiproliferative properties against various tumor cell lines.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
3.
Heterogeneity of the mechanisms of action of antidepressants Kozlovskii, V. L.; Popov, M. Yu; Kosterin, D. N. ...
Obozrenie psihiatrii i medicinskoj psihologii im. V.M. Behtereva/Obozrenie psihiatrii i medicinskoj psihologii imeni V.M. Behtereva,
04/2021, Volume:
55, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The article discusses the heterogeneous mechanisms of the pharmacodynamics of antidepressants that underlie the therapeutic response. Sharing the similar clinical activity, antidepressants determine ...the development of drug-induced homeostasis by means of different molecular mechanisms (selective or nonselective blockade of monoamine reuptake, inhibition of monoamine oxidase, blockade of certain monoamine receptors). However, an increase of serotonin and other monoamines concentrations in the synapses of the central nervous system is only the initiating factor in the development of specific clinical effects. The latter are probably determined by other neurochemical effects, including changes in the density of postsynaptic receptors and an increase in the synthesis of neurotrophic factors. However, the primary mechanisms that increase monoamine concentrations in the synapses might not always “work properly”, leading to the lack of efficacy of the initial antidepressant, while the probability of the therapeutic response to the subsequent antidepressant remains rather high. Thus, the efficacy of an antidepressant may depend on the baseline differences in the neurochemical state contributing to the pathological “depressive” homeostasis. The heterogeneous neurochemical effects of antidepressants can determine the dissociation of existing neuronal interactions, leading to the development of the new — druginduced — homeostasis. At the same time, it is possible that stimulation of general neurotrophic processes by antidepressants may contribute to the progression and chronicity of pathology due to the ambiguous influence on certain stages of the pathological process. This determines the significance of neurophysiological studies of central disturbances in depression and search of fundamentally new neurochemical targets for the treatment of depressive states associated with various mental disorders.
A model for acceleration of deuterons and generation of neutrons in a compact laser-plasma diode with electron isolation using magnetic field generated by a hollow cylindrical permanent magnet is ...presented. Experimental and computer-simulated neutron yields are compared for the diode structure under study. An accelerating neutron tube with a relatively high neutron generation efficiency can be constructed using suppression of electron conduction with the aid of a magnet placed in the vacuum volume.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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The acceleration of a plasmoid, for the formation of which a conical spiral expanding in the direction of the expected plasma acceleration is used, in a rapidly increasing magnetic field of complex ...geometry has been considered. An algorithm for calculating the longitudinal magnetic field in the approximation of replacing a spiral line with a system of rings of variable radius has been presented. A mathematical model that is based on the interaction of the plasmoid magnetic moment with gradient of the longitudinal magnetic field decay has been proposed to analyze the efficiency of the acceleration. The possibility of deuterons reaching an average speed exceeding 10
6
m/s has been shown.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The results of new studies on the production of accelerated deuteron fluxes in a small ion diode with pulsed magnetic insulation of electrons have been presented. A plasma anode of the diode has been ...formed under the action of a 1.06 μm laser radiation with a pulse duration of 10 ns, a pulse energy of up to 1 J, and a power density on the target of 5 × 10
15
W m
–2
. An accelerating voltage of up to 300 kV has been created using an Arkad’ev–Marx pulsed voltage generator with a stored energy of 50 J and a repetition rate of 1 Hz. A magnetic field of higher than 0.6 T for insulating electrons has been formed by a current pulse of the first cascade of the generator in a spiral line before a conical cascade. Stable deuteron acceleration to 300 keV with a current of up to 1.5 kA and a pulse duration of 0.3 μs has been achieved.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
In order to use neutron generators in applied research, it is important to increase the energy efficiency of neutron generation. For high accelerating voltages, diodes with magnetic insulation are ...used to suppress electron emission from the cathode in neutron accelerator tubes. A mathematical model describing the dynamics of charged particles in the axial diode with insulation of electrons by the field of a permanent magnet is studied. The model is used to perform a computer experiment that shows a reduction of insulation near the ends of the magnet, which permits up to 40% of the electrons from the cathode to reach the anode of the accelerator tube. An option for making the magnetic insulation more efficient by adding into the magnetic system diaphragms placed in the end zones of a cylindrical cathode is proposed and studied.
Treatment resistance is a persistent neurochemical condition characterized by the presence of the «hybrid», combined pathological and drug metabolism. The difficulties in management and prevention of ...resistance relate to the lack of understanding of neurochemical changes occurring in the neuronal networks during development of the higher mental functions. Within the concept of the species-preserving behavior development neurochemically associated with the activity of monoaminergic systems in determined pathways and local neuronal networks with the co-transimitterts’ modulation of functions, pharmacodynamics of psychotropic drugs are discussed. The ability of psychotropic drugs to alter the mental state is determined by rapid and slow effects associated with the changes in monoaminergic processes at all levels of mediation (the synapses, the activity of neurons, local neuronal networks). It is emphasized that divergent neurochemical changes and the heterogeneity of the resistance development after treatment with agonists (antidepressants, anxiolytics, etc.) and antagonists (antipsychotics) determine the multiplicity of pharmacological approaches to the patients’ therapy. Accordingly, methodological aspects of resistance management by so-called «opposite therapy», «sensitization» and combination treatment strategies depending on the medications pharmacodynamics are considered.
Vestibular neuromodulation in neurology and psychiatry Naryshkin, A. G.; Galanin, I. V.; Kozlovskii, V. L. ...
Obozrenie psihiatrii i medicinskoj psihologii im. V.M. Behtereva/Obozrenie psihiatrii i medicinskoj psihologii imeni V.M. Behtereva,
11/2018
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Te paper overviews the state of the art in one of the most rapidly developing areas of treatment of various drug-resistant diseases of the central nervous system. Different methods of vestibular ...neuromodulation and their comparative efcacy in the treatment of mental and neurological disorders are described. All those methods are based on neuroplasticity activation by means of application of physical, electrical or chemical stimuli on the peripheral part of the vestibular system, which leads to the restructuring of neural connections in the brainstem and in the midbrain.
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