Music and shape Kussner, M. B.
Literary and linguistic computing,
09/2013, Volume:
28, Issue:
3
Conference Proceeding, Journal Article
Musicians and other music professionals often use the notion of shape when they talk or think about musical performances, and yet, until recently, there has been little research into what shape ...actually refers to. 'Shaping music in performance', a research project based in the Music Department at King's College London and part of the AHRC Research Centre for Musical Performance as Creative Practice, has been established to investigate music and shape from different perspectives, applying a broad variety of methods and analytical tools. In this article, I report findings from my first study in which I asked seventy-three musicians and non-musicians to visualize sound and music by creating representations with an electronic graphics tablet. Using four selected participants from various artistic backgrounds (none/music/visual/dance), I examine differences between drawings produced in two experimental conditions ('performance', whereby participants drew with the sound and 'contemplation', whereby participants drew after the sound) that exemplify some of the broader findings. These include the greater consistency of musicians compared with non-musicians and the more diverse representation strategies of non-musicians, as well as non-musicians' neglect of temporal aspects of pitch. It is argued that studying the basic acoustical properties of music cross-modally provides a valuable source of a better understanding of the phenomenon of music and shape. Adapted from the source document
Zusammenfassung
Invasive Notfalltechniken können in bestimmten Situationen lebensrettend sein, sind allerdings selten indiziert, sodass seitens des Rettungsdienst- bzw. Klinikpersonals keine ...Erfahrung besteht. Entsprechend wird gefordert, diese Maßnahmen in praxisnahen Kurssystemen zu vermitteln und zu trainieren, um sie in der Notfallsituation adäquat anwenden zu können. Beim Heidelberger Kurskonzept INTECH Advanced stehen die invasiven Notfalltechniken „resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta“ (REBOA), Perikardiozentese und Clamshell-Thorakotomie im Mittelpunkt. Diese Verfahren haben kürzlich Eingang in die entsprechenden nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien gefunden. Bei der REBOA wird ein Ballonkatheter über die Leistenarterie eingeführt, in der Aorta descendens platziert und dort geblockt. So kann einerseits der proximale Aortendruck erhöht werden, was eine verbesserte Versorgung von Herz, Lunge und Gehirn bedingt. Andererseits lassen sich distal gelegene Blutungen reduzieren bzw. ausschalten. Die sonographiegesteuerte Perikardiozentese dient der Entlastung von hämodynamisch relevanten serösen Perikardtamponaden, um den Patienten zu stabilisieren und die Zeit bis zur operativen Versorgung zu überbrücken. Traumatisch bedingte, blutige Perikardtamponaden sind hingegen eine Domäne der Notfallthorakotomie. Hier stellt die Clamshell-Thorakotomie eine relativ einfach zu erlernende Methode dar, die eine gute Übersicht bietet und eine Vielzahl an Interventionen erlaubt. Im Vordergrund stehen die offene Entlastung einer blutigen Perikardtamponade sowie die manuelle Kompression der Aorta descendens mit den oben genannten Effekten.
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