A High Definition visual attention based video summarization algorithm is proposed to extract feature frames and create a video summary. It uses colour histogram shot detection algorithm to separate ...the video into shots, then applies a novel high definition visual attention algorithm to construct a saliency map for each frame. A multivariate mutual information algorithm is applied to select a feature frame to represent each shot. Finally, those feature frames are processed by a self-organizing map to remove the redundant frames. The algorithm was assessed against manual key frame summaries presented with tested datasets from www.open-video.org. Of the frames selected by the algorithm, 27.8% to 68.1% were in agreement with the manual frame summaries depending on the category and length of the video.
The LET distributions during the Space Shuttle missions STS-84 (altitude 270–
412
km
, average
375
km
; inclination angle, 51.6°) and STS-91 (altitude 328–
397
km
, average
373
km
; inclination ...angle, 51.6°) were measured using CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors. A correction for the dip-angle dependence of the track-formation sensitivity of the CR-39 plates was applied to the data analysis. The absorbed doses and the dose equivalents around RRMD Detector Units, estimated from the LET distributions in the LET region of 4–
200
keV/
μm
, fluctuated with standard deviations of ±21% to ±35% in both flight experiments. The LET distributions obtained from the CR-39 plates agreed well with that obtained from RRMD-II in STS-91. However, the particle fluxes obtained from RRMD-III in STS-84 and STS-91 were two or three times higher than those obtained from RRMD-II and the CR-39 plates. It was concluded that the LET distributions obtained from RRMD-II and the CR-39 plates in the present flight experiments did not include the contribution of target-fragmented secondary heavy particles produced by low-LET particles, such as relativistic or semi-relativistic protons and helium ions, whereas RRMD-III was able to detect these secondary particles because of its low triggering level.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
For all medications, there is a trade-off between benefits and potential for harm. It is important for patient safety to detect drug-event combinations and analyze by appropriate statistical methods. ...Mefloquine is used as chemoprophylaxis for travelers going to regions with known chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. As such, there is a concern about serious adverse events associated with mefloquine chemoprophylaxis. The objective of the present study was to assess whether any signal would be detected for the serious adverse events of mefloquine, based on data in clinicoepidemiological studies.
We extracted data on adverse events related to mefloquine chemoprophylaxis from the two published datasets. Disproportionality reporting of adverse events such as neuropsychiatric events and other adverse events was presented in the 2 × 2 contingency table. Reporting odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence interval CI data-mining algorithm was applied for the signal detection. The safety signals are considered significant when the ROR estimates and the lower limits of the corresponding 95% CI are ≥2.
Two datasets addressing adverse events of mefloquine chemoprophylaxis (one from a published article and one from a Cochrane systematic review) were included for analyses. Reporting odds ratio 1.58, 95% CI: 1.49-1.68 based on published data in the selected article, and 1.195, 95% CI: 0.94-1.44 based on data in the selected Cochrane review. Overall, in both datasets, the reporting odds ratio values of lower 95% CI were less than 2.
Based on available data, findings suggested that signals for serious adverse events pertinent to neuropsychiatric event were not detected for mefloquine. Further studies are needed to substantiate this.
N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V) is an enzyme that catalyzes beta1-6 branching of N-acetylglucosamine on asparagines (N)-linked oligosaccharides of cell proteins. We examined the implication ...of GnT-V and beta1-6 branching N-linked oligosaccharide expression in human testicular germ cells during malignant transformation and cancer progression. We analyzed immuhistochemically orchiectomy specimens of 130 patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) using anti-GnT-V monoclonal antibody, and compared GnT-V expression with clinicopathological features. N-linked oligosaccharide structural analysis was also performed to confirm the oligosaccharide profile produced by GnT-V. GnT-V was positive in all normal testis samples. This positive incidence declined in TGCT according to clinical stage; 16/71 (22.5%) in stage I, and 3/59 (5.1%) in stage II/III (p=0.015, chi(2) test). When divided into pathological subtypes, GnT-V positive incidences in stage I seminoma, stage II/III seminoma, stage I non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT), and stage II/III NSGCT were 3/43 (7%), 0/22 (0%), 13/28 (46.4%), and 3/37 (8.1%), respectively. In stage I NSGCT, patients with GnT-V-negative tumor samples were at a significantly higher risk of recurrence than those with GnT-V-positive tumors (p=0.015, log-rank test). N-linked oligosaccharide structural analysis revealed that a normal testis has three kinds of beta1-6 branching N-linked oligosaccharides, all of which are downregulated in TGCT tissues. These results suggest that GnT-V and beta1-6 branching N-linked oligosaccharide expressions are downregulated during carcinogenesis and progression of human TGCT. GnT-V may be a promising recurrence predictor for stage I NSGCT.
Postoperative pain control after abdominal procedures can be an area of significant concern. Continuous local-anesthetic infusion pain pumps have been clearly documented in recent literature to ...provide effective early postoperative pain control, in addition to other benefits. Our goal was to evaluate any increase in the risk of infection with the use of pain pumps with aesthetic and reconstructive abdominal procedures. A retrospective chart review evaluated 159 patients who underwent abdominoplasty (with or without suction-assisted lipectomy), panniculectomy, or a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap for breast reconstruction. Information was collected on descriptive and demographic information, and the incidence of postoperative infection. Of the 159 patients who underwent abdominal procedures, 100 (62.9%) received the pain pump for postoperative pain control. None of those 100 patients developed an infection. Fifty-nine patients did not receive a pain pump, and 2 of those patients (3.3%) developed an infection. Overall, 1.3% (2 of 159) of patients in our study developed a postoperative infection. There is no increase in the risk of postoperative infection with the use of continuous local-anesthetic infusion pain pumps used after aesthetic and reconstructive abdominal procedures.
In recent year, damaging crops by wildlife is becoming serious all over the country. On the other hand, unmanned aerial vehicle systems such as GPS, communication technology and drone have been ...further developed, and it is becoming possible to develop an automatic tracking system that accurately grasps the position of wildlife. Therefore, in this research, to elucidate the ecology and behavioral characteristics of wildlife, we aim to develop an automatic tracking system using drone. From the experimental results, it was confirmed that the GPS tracking by the drone is possible by sending a command using the mobile phone communication network. In this paper, we report about these details.
Introduction: Protocols for sedative drugs in patients with severe head traumatic brain injury have not been established. The purpose of this study was to investigate sedatives based on target ...temperature management (TTM).Subjects and Methods: Data from 1345 patients were obtained from the Japan Neurotrauma Data Bank Project 2015, a cohort observational study. Patients with non–active treatment at trauma resuscitation, cardiac arrest, or no medical treatment were excluded, leaving 787 patients in this study. The use of neuro–intensive drugs including sedatives, analgesic and neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs) in adults and children was examined. The patients were divided into three groups: (1) the non–temperature control (NC) group treated with no TTM; (2) the aggressive normothermia therapy (NT) group treated with aggressive normothermia group; and (3) the mild hypothermia therapy (HT) group with mild hypothermia management. We compared the sedatives, analgesia, and NMBDs in the three groups.Results: For sedatives, propofol (PROP) was often used in 45% in adults. Midazolam (MDZ) and dexmedetomidine (DEX) are more commonly used in pediatric compared with adult patients (p<0.001, 0.04). Two or more sedatives were administered in 15% of adults and 12% pediatric patients. In adults, DEX was often administered in the NT group, and MDZ in the HT group. Analgesics was used in 53% of NT and 73% of HT patients. NMBDs were used for 10% of NT and 40% of HT patients.Conclusion: Currently, neuro–intensive care such as TTM that is based on the pathological condition has become common, and it is necessary to also show the optimal protocol in for sedative management of severe traumatic brain injuries.
Gene regulatory networks represent the regulatory and physical interactions between genes of an organism. In this application, we are presented with a set of time series gene expression data, from ...which an unknown topology describing the regulatory interactions between genes must be inferred. To this end, we formulate an algorithm for reconstructing a genetic regulatory network to explain time series data obtained from genetic experiments. Our algorithm minimizes the trade-off between of the sparsity of gene interactions in the inferred network and the best model accuracy, where stability and prior knowledge are considered as constraints. Our algorithm is applied to time series gene expression data from yeast cell-cycle regulation, and results show improved reconstruction. The convex nature of the proposed model makes it suitable for application to large-scale networks.
A new type of fiber for distributed filtering is proposed, designed to have resonant coupling between core and cladding at desired wavelengths. Design principles are illustrated with simulations of ...several fibers. A filter fiber was fabricated following this design strategy. Measured transmission spectra and imaging of mode output confirm the expected resonant coupling between core and cladding near 1100nm.
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