Introduction
The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of low‐molecular‐weight heparin on pregnancy outcomes in women without thrombophilia during in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm ...injection treatment.
Material and methods
We searched Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane and CNKI (from inception to 2 February 2018). Our study identified randomized controlled trials or quasi‐randomized controlled trials comparing low‐molecular‐weight heparin subcutaneous treatment with no treatment or only luteal support control. The outcomes included live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate.
Results
Five trials, including 935 women receiving in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment, were included in meta‐analyses. There were 458 women receiving low‐molecular‐weight heparin and 477 in the control group. No significant differences for live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate were found between the low‐molecular‐weight heparin and control groups. Of them, four trials reported live birth rate as an outcome and the risk ratio was 1.13 (95% confidence interval 0.88–1.43, p = 0.34). All five trials reported clinical pregnancy rate as an outcome, the risk ratio was 1.08 (95% confidence interval 0.87–1.32, p = 0.47). Three trials reported miscarriage rate and the risk ratio was 0.58 (95% confidence interval 0.30–1.10, p = 0.09). In women with two or more failed in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles, the risk ratio of live birth rate was 1.15 and the risk ratio of clinical pregnancy rate was 1.17. In women with three or more failed in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles, the risk ratios of live birth rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 1.36 and 1.35, respectively.
Conclusions
Our results suggested that low‐molecular‐weight heparin had no effect on pregnancy success rate in non‐thrombophilic women undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment. However, to justify the use of low‐molecular‐weight heparin in clinical practice, multicenter trials are still necessary.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of late pregnancy with asymptomatic 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) infection, evaluate the outcome of maternal and fetal ...prognosis, and identify the evidence of intrauterine vertical transmission. A 22‐years‐old pregnant woman with asymptomatic COVID‐19 infection who was admitted to our hospital on 11 February 2020 was enrolled in this study. Clinical data including laboratory test results and chest computed tomography (CT) scanning were collected and reviewed. Diagnosis of late pregnancy with asymptomatic COVID‐19 infection was made. Lumbar anesthesia for cesarean section was performed and a female baby was delivered uneventfully, with the Apgar score of 9 to 10 points. Three times of COVID‐19 nucleic acid test for the baby was negative after delivery. The puerpera returned to normal after the operation and two times of throat swab COVID‐19 nucleic acid test were all negative after antiviral therapy. We reported an asymptomatic COVID‐19 pregnant woman with detailed clinical information and our result indicated that for late pregnant women with asymptomatic COVID‐19 infection, there might be no intrauterine infection caused by vertical transmission.
Highlights
We show a timely case report regarding the current COVID‐19 outbreak.
Pregnant woman with asymptomatic COVID‐19 infection was prensented in detail.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Chiral sensors have attracted growing interest due to their application in health monitoring. However, rational design of wearable logic chiral sensors remains a great challenge. In this work, a dual ...responsive chiral sensor RT@CDMOF is prepared through in situ self-assembly of chiral γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (CDMOF), rhodamine 6G hydrazide (RGH), and tetracyanovinylindane (TCN). The embedded RGH and TCN inherit the chirality of host CDMOF, producing dual changes both in fluorescence and reflectance. RT@CDMOF is explored as a dual channel sensor for chiral discrimination of lactate enantiomers. Comprehensive mechanistic studies reveal the chiral binding process, and carboxylate dissociation is confirmed by impedance and solid-state
H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). A flexible membrane sensor is successfully fabricated based on RT@CDMOF for wearable health monitoring. Practical evaluation confirms the potential of fabricated membrane sensor in point-of-care health monitoring by indexing the exercise intensity. Based on above, a chiral IMPLICATION logic unit can be successfully achieved, demonstrating the promising potential of RT@CDMOF in design and assembly of novel smart devices. This work may open a new avenue to the rational design of logic chiral sensors for wearable health monitoring applications.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Photocatalysis utilizes light as the initial driving force for chemical reactions, enabling reactions with high energy barriers in traditionally thermal chemistry to proceed under mild conditions. ...1,3‐Dicarbonyl compounds occur as important active molecules in nature and are intermediates in pharmaceutical syntheses. In recent years, there have been numerous studies of these compounds, and it is common practice to pre‐modify them before the reaction, which is, however, unfavorable for the atom economy of the process. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in the site‐specific activation of unmodified 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds by photoinduction. The focus is on elucidating the mechanisms of these reactions to provide insights and directions for future research in designing novel reactions.
This paper reviews the advancements in the site‐specific activation of unmodified 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds via photoinduction, focusing on two activation mechanisms. The first involves photoinduced redox reactions, activating the α‐position of the carbonyl group. The second occurs via absorption of photons in the enol form or energy transfer through a photocatalyst, leading to an excited‐state transition and subsequent reactions such as 6π cyclization or the de Mayo reaction.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UPUK
A highly stretchable nanocomposite (NC) hydrogel was fabricated
via in situ
free radical polymerization of acrylamide. In particular, an exfoliated two-dimensional MXene (Ti
3
C
2
) nanosheet was ...utilized as a crosslinker instead of traditional organic crosslinkers. The exfoliated Ti
3
C
2
nanosheets were confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Compared with traditional organic crosslinked
N
,
N
-methylene bisacrylamide (BIS)/polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels (fracture strength of 32.0 kPa and elongation of 109.6%), the synthesized Ti
3
C
2
/PAM NC hydrogels exhibited greatly improved mechanical properties with fracture strengths of 66.5 to 102.7 kPa, compressive strengths of 400.6 to 819.4 kPa and elongations at break of 2158.6% to 3047.5% as the Ti
3
C
2
content increases from 0.0145% to 0.0436%. The enhanced mechanical performances can be attributed to the honeycomb-like fine structure with uniform pores as well as more flexible polymer chains in NC hydrogel networks. When loaded with drugs, Ti
3
C
2
/PAM NC hydrogels exhibited good sustained-release performance, higher drug loading amounts (97.5-127.7 mg g
−1
) and higher percentage releases (62.1-81.4%), greatly superior to those of the BIS/PAM hydrogel (46.4 mg g
−1
, 45.0%). Our work reveals the application of MXene materials in the fabrication of NC hydrogels with enhanced mechanical and drug release behaviors.
Novel Ti
3
C
2
/polyacrylamide nanocomposite hydrogels with excellent mechanical and drug release performances were fabricated
via in situ
polymerization, employing ultralow content Ti
3
C
2
nanosheets as crosslinkers instead of organic crosslinkers.
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. An imbalance between the production and clearance of Aβ (amyloid beta) is considered to be actively involved in AD pathogenesis. ...Macroautophagy/autophagy is a major cellular pathway leading to the removal of aggregated proteins, and upregulation of autophagy represents a plausible therapeutic strategy to combat overproduction of neurotoxic Aβ. PPARA/PPARα (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha) is a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and activates hepatic autophagy. We hypothesized that PPARA regulates autophagy in the nervous system and PPARA-mediated autophagy affects AD. We found that pharmacological activation of PPARA by the PPARA agonists gemfibrozil and Wy14643 induces autophagy in human microglia (HM) cells and U251 human glioma cells stably expressing the human APP (amyloid beta precursor protein) mutant (APP-p.M671L) and this effect is PPARA-dependent. Administration of PPARA agonists decreases amyloid pathology and reverses memory deficits and anxiety symptoms in APP-PSEN1ΔE9 mice. There is a reduced level of soluble Aβ and insoluble Aβ in hippocampus and cortex tissues from APP-PSEN1ΔE9 mice after treatment with either gemfibrozil or Wy14643, which promoted the recruitment of microglia and astrocytes to the vicinity of Aβ plaques and enhanced autophagosome biogenesis. These results indicated that PPARA is an important factor regulating autophagy in the clearance of Aβ and suggested gemfibrozil be assessed as a possible treatment for AD.
Abbreviation: Aβ: amyloid beta; ACTB: actin beta; ADAM10: ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10; AD: Alzheimer disease; AIF1/IBA1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; ANOVA: analysis of variance; APOE: apolipoprotein E; APP: amyloid beta precursor protein; APP-PSEN1ΔE9: APPswe/PSEN1dE9; BAFA1: bafilomycin A
1
; BDNF: brain derived neurotrophic factor; BECN1: beclin 1; CD68: CD68 molecule; CREB1: cAMP responsive element binding protein 1; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DLG4/PSD-95: discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; ELISA: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; FDA: U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FKBP5: FK506 binding protein 5; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; gemfibrozil: 5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; GLI2/THP1: GLI family zinc finger 2; HM: human microglia; IL6: interleukin 6; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NC: negative control; OQ: opposite quadrant; PPARA/PPARα, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha; PSEN1/PS1: presenilin 1; SEM: standard error of the mean; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; SYP: synaptophysin; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TNF/TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor; TQ: target quadrant; WT: wild type; Wy14643: 2-4-chloro-6-(2,3-dimethylanilino)pyrimidin-2-ylsulfanylacetic acid
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Aerosols have significant and complex impacts on regional climate in East Asia. Cloud‐aerosol‐precipitation interactions (CAPI) remain most challenging in climate studies. The quantitative ...understanding of CAPI requires good knowledge of aerosols, ranging from their formation, composition, transport, and their radiative, hygroscopic, and microphysical properties. A comprehensive review is presented here centered on the CAPI based chiefly, but not limited to, publications in the special section named EAST‐AIRcpc concerning (1) observations of aerosol loading and properties, (2) relationships between aerosols and meteorological variables affecting CAPI, (3) mechanisms behind CAPI, and (4) quantification of CAPI and their impact on climate. Heavy aerosol loading in East Asia has significant radiative effects by reducing surface radiation, increasing the air temperature, and lowering the boundary layer height. A key factor is aerosol absorption, which is particularly strong in central China. This absorption can have a wide range of impacts such as creating an imbalance of aerosol radiative forcing at the top and bottom of the atmosphere, leading to inconsistent retrievals of cloud variables from space‐borne and ground‐based instruments. Aerosol radiative forcing can delay or suppress the initiation and development of convective clouds whose microphysics can be further altered by the microphysical effect of aerosols. For the same cloud thickness, the likelihood of precipitation is influenced by aerosols: suppressing light rain and enhancing heavy rain, delaying but intensifying thunderstorms, and reducing the onset of isolated showers in most parts of China. Rainfall has become more inhomogeneous and more extreme in the heavily polluted urban regions.
Key Points
East Asia has suffered heavy aerosol loading of diverse properties
Strong absorbing aerosols lower the boundary layer, suppress convection, and worsens air pollution
The joint effects of aerosol on radiation and clouds alter the development of clouds and precipitation and regional climate
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Radical formation is the initial step for conventional radical chemistry. Reported herein is a unified strategy to generate radicals in situ from aromatic β‐ketoesters by using a photocatalyst. Under ...visible‐light irradiation, a small amount of photocatalyst fac‐Ir(ppy)3 generates a transient α‐carbonyl radical and persistent ketyl radical in situ. In contrast to the well‐established approaches, neither stoichiometric external oxidant nor reductant is required for this reaction. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by pinacol coupling of ketyl radicals and benzannulation of α‐carbonyl radicals with alkynes to give a series of highly substituted 1‐naphthols in good to excellent yields. The readily available photocatalyst, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, and high functional‐group tolerance make this reaction a useful synthetic tool.
All‐in‐one: A photocatalyst mediates the generation of a transient α‐carbonyl radical and a persistent ketyl radical from aromatic β‐ketoesters in situ, which enables straightforward synthesis of pinacols and highly substituted 1‐naphthols in an atom‐ and step‐economic manner under mild conditions.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
We report a simple but efficient photocatalytic nitrobenzene reduction method employing eosin Y as the photocatalyst and TEOA as the reducing agent. With green LED light irradiation, the nitro group ...in the nitrobenzenes containing other reducible groups was chemoselectively reduced into an amino group, and the corresponding anilines were isolated in quantitative yields. The photoinduced electron transfer mechanism suggests that the high chemoselectivity originates from the better electron-withdrawing ability of the nitro group.
PDF
