Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical for regulating HOX genes, aberration of which is a dominant mechanism for leukemic transformation. How HOX gene-associated lncRNAs regulate hematopoietic ...stem cell (HSC) function and contribute to leukemogenesis remains elusive. We found that HOTTIP is aberrantly activated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to alter HOXA-driven topologically associated domain (TAD) and gene expression. HOTTIP loss attenuates leukemogenesis of transplanted mice, while reactivation of HOTTIP restores leukemic TADs, transcription, and leukemogenesis in the CTCF-boundary-attenuated AML cells. Hottip aberration in mice abnormally promotes HSC self-renewal leading to AML-like disease by altering the homeotic/hematopoietic gene-associated chromatin signature and transcription program. Hottip aberration acts as an oncogenic event to perturb HSC function by reprogramming leukemic-associated chromatin and gene transcription.
Display omitted
•HOTTIP reprograms 3D AML genome and drives leukemic transcription profile in AML•HOTTIP binds and regulates genes important for hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis•HOTTIP KO attenuates AML progression by impairing leukemic transcription program•Hottip aberration perturbs HSC self-renewal leading to AML-like disease in mice
Luo et al. find that the lncRNA HOTTIP is overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). They show that HOTTIP coordinates topologically associated domain organization in the AML genome, including the posterior HOXA genes and various key hematopoietic regulator loci, and is important for AML growth.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The correlation of Helicobacter pylori and the etiology of gastric cancer was substantially certain. Cholesterol-rich ...microdomains (also called lipid rafts), which provide platforms for signaling, are associated with H. pylori-induced pathogenesis leading to gastric cancer. Patients who have been prescribed statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, have exhibited a reduced risk of several types of cancer. However, no studies have addressed the effect of statins on H. pylori-associated gastric cancer from the antineoplastic perspective. In this study, we showed that treatment of gastric epithelial cells with simvastatin reduced the level of cellular cholesterol and led to attenuation of translocation and phosphorylation of H. pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), which is recognized as a major determinant of gastric cancer development. Additionally, a nationwide case-control study based on data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) was conducted. A population-based case-control study revealed that patients who used simvastatin exhibited a significantly reduced risk of gastric cancer (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.70-0.83). In patients exhibiting H. pylori infection who were prescribed simvastatin, the adjusted OR for gastric cancer was 0.25 (95% CI = 0.12-0.50). Our results combined an in vitro study with a nationwide population analysis reveal that statin use might be a feasible approach to prevent H. pylori-associated gastric cancer.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Contact lenses (CLs) have emerged as an effective method for delivering ophthalmic drugs. In this research, we designed hydrogel CLs capable of extended release, utilizing large-pore mesoporous ...silica nanoparticles (LPMSNs) to deliver hyaluronic acid (HA) for treating dry eye syndrome. LPMSNs were functionalized with amine groups (LPMSN–amine) to enhance HA loading and release capacity. In vitro release studies demonstrated that LPMSN–amine CLs exhibited superior slower HA release than LPMSN–siloxane and standard CLs. Within 120 h, the cumulative amount of HA released from LPMSN–amine CLs reached approximately 275.58 µg, marking a 12.6-fold improvement compared to standard CLs, when loaded from 0.1 wt% HA solutions. Furthermore, LPMSN–amine CLs effectively maintained moisture, mitigating ocular surface dehydration, making them a promising solution for dry eye management. This study successfully developed LPMSN–amine CLs for extended HA release, identifying the optimal functional groups and loading conditions to achieve sustained release.
Recently, UVC LEDs, which emit deep ultraviolet light, have found extensive applications across various fields. This study demonstrates the design and implementation of thin films of ...three-dimensional photonic crystals (3D PhCs) as reflectors to enhance the light output power (LOP) of UVC LEDs. The 3D PhC reflectors were prepared using the self-assembly of silica nanospheres on a UVC LED lead frame substrate via the evaporation-induced method (side) and the gravitational sedimentation method (bottom), respectively. These PhCs with the (111) crystallographic plane were deposited on the side wall and bottom of the UVC LED lead frame, acting as functional materials to reflect UVC light. The LOP of UVC LEDs with 3D PhC reflectors at a driving current of 100 mA reached 19.6 mW. This represented a 30% enhancement compared to commercial UVC LEDs with Au-plated reflectors, due to the UVC light reflection by the photonic band gaps of 3D PhCs in the (111) crystallographic plane. Furthermore, after aging tests at 60 °C and 60% relative humidity for 1000 h, the relative LOP of UVC LEDs with 3D PhC reflectors decreased by 7%, which is better than that of commercial UVC LEDs. Thus, this study offers potential methods for enhancing the light output efficiency of commercial UVC light-emitting devices.
This study used the copolymer emulsion method to synthesize colloidal monodisperse core/shell microspheres composed of the poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid) Poly(St-MMA-AA). ...Colloidal photonic crystal (CPhC) films have prepared by using polymer composite microspheres and successfully fabricated via natural sedimentation. The synthesized results of polymer composite microsphere exhibited uniform and good morphology. The resultant of CPhC color films demonstrated vividly structural colors due to 3D CPhC nanostructures. The structural colors over full visible spectra could be tuned by controlling the filling factor of crystals and diameter of microspheres according to the Bragg law. Additionally, the structural color of Poly(St-MMA-AA) CPhC films has measured under the standard colorimetric system. This study demonstrated a approach to fabricate tunable structural color for numerous applications.
Display omitted
•The structurally colored films of colloidal monodisperse core/shell microspheres composed of Poly(St-MMA-AA) cover the full visible color by tuning the filling factor of face-centered cubic crystals and diameter of microspheres.•The structurally colored films of colloidal Poly(St-MMA-AA) core/shell microspheres were self-assembled by naturally deposited method without further sintering.•Poly(St-MMA-AA) materials have systematically investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectrum.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Diabetes mellitus is associated with a high risk of developing gastric cancer (GC). Metformin, which is conventionally used to treat type 2 diabetes, induces AMP-activated protein kinase signaling ...and suppresses gluconeogenesis. Recent studies have reported that metformin is associated with beneficial effects in cancer prevention and treatment owing to its anti-tumor effects. This makes metformin a potential medication for GC therapy. However, contradicting reports have emerged regarding the efficacy of metformin in reducing the risk of GC. This review summarizes the impact of metformin on mitigating GC risk by analyzing clinical databases. The mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effect of metformin on GC is also discussed.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
An active visualized solvent sensor that made the detection of targets more convenient was demonstrated by copolymer hydrogel photonic crystal sensor containing white LEDs. This study reveals the ...high potential as a real-time monitoring detector for chemical solvents.
Display omitted
•An active visualized solvent sensor that made the detection of targets more convenient was demonstrated by CHPCS containing white LEDs.•The targets can be monitored by active visualized solvent sensor because the color change in white LEDs could be easily identified by the naked eye.•This study reveals the high potential of CHPCS containing white LEDs as a real-time monitoring detector for chemical solvents.
This study demonstrated the achievement of rapid chemical solvent detection by a copolymer hydrogel photonic crystal sensor (CHPCS) created by a simple infiltration of the copolymer hydrogel precursor inside the voids of three-dimensionally opal photonic crystal templates. CHPCS with strong mechanical strength was used as copolymer poly(HEMA-co-MMA-co-NVP) hydrogel and composite poly(St-co-AA-co-MMA) sub-microspheres. CHPCS was immersed in different chemical solvents, including alcohols (hydroxyl compounds) and acetone (carbonyl compounds). The interlayer spacing of CHPCS was swollen and exhibited optical diffraction, which could be detected by the optical measurements and theoretical prediction based on the Bragg diffractive theory. We proposed and demonstrated that CHPCS combined with white LEDs could serve as active naked eye detection solvent sensors that further exhibit great potential as real-time monitoring detectors for chemical solvents.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•HDDT, which given PPI and amoxicillin more than twice daily, possesses a satisfactory H. pylori eradication rate.•HDDT has the same H. pylori eradication rate as guideline therapies.•HDDT harbours a ...lower adverse effect risk compared to guideline therapy in both first-line and rescue therapies.•HDDT is more effective in high antibiotic-resistant circumstances.
Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to many antibiotics, which lowers the efficacy of eradication therapy, is increasingly prevalent. High-dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-amoxicillin dual therapy (HDDT) has been used for H. pylori eradication for years, and resistance to amoxicillin is relatively rare. Although many studies have compared the eradication rate of HDDT with that of guideline therapies, the reported efficacy of HDDT varies greatly and is inconsistent.
This study investigated the eradication rate and adverse effects of HDDT compared with the guidelines at the time of the study.
Several open public databases, including Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, and MEDLINE, were searched. The results of the current literature on the eradication and adverse event rates of HDDT compared with the latest recommended first-line therapies were analysed. Notably, 14 out of the 16 included studies were conducted in Asian regions.
The eradication rate of HDDT was lower but not significantly different from those of control therapies (odds ratio OR = 0.92, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.67–1.26) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis. A similar trend was observed in the per-protocol (PP) analysis (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.47–1.63). Notably, the adverse effect risk in HDDT was significantly lower than in other therapies (I2 = 67.75%, OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.33–0.54, P = 0.00004). When the eradication rate of the control group was lower than 81%, HDDT was significantly better than control therapies (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.23–4.84).
HDDT used four times a day for 14 days showed better efficacy and safety than the guideline treatments for H. pylori infection in areas with high antimicrobial resistance.
Display omitted
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study presents a facile and inexpensive method for fabricating novel contact lenses with anti-reflective (AR) properties for UV and blue light based on a copolymer hydrogel with amorphous array ...(AA) nanostructures. The AR structurally colored contact lenses exhibited high optical transparency, homogeneous bluish structural color, and physical rigidity. In addition, the proposed contact lenses blocked short-wavelength blue transmittance by approximately 20% and had high visible-light transmittance of over 90%. Consequently, the risk of harm posed by commercial contact lenses with chemical dyes was avoided. Adjusting the volume fraction of the silica nanospheres of the AAs in the hydrogel contact lenses was quite effective for controlling the structural colors, transmittance, equilibrium water content (EWC), and oxygen permeability (Dk). The EWC and Dk of the structurally colored contact lenses were in the range of 40.14–45.65% and 11.6–13.7 barrers, respectively. These values indicate that the characteristics of the AR structurally colored contact lenses satisfied the requirements of daily disposable contact lenses. Therefore, the proposed AR structurally colored contact lenses are very promising as substitutes for commercial colored contact lenses with chemical dyes.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
HOTTIP lncRNA is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) driven by MLL rearrangements or NPM1 mutations to mediate HOXA topologically associated domain (TAD) formation and drive aberrant ...transcription. However, the mechanism through which HOTTIP accesses CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) chromatin boundaries and regulates CTCF-mediated genome topology remains unknown. Here, we show that HOTTIP directly interacts with and regulates a fraction of CTCF-binding sites (CBSs) in the AML genome by recruiting CTCF/cohesin complex and R-loop-associated regulators to form R-loops. HOTTIP-mediated R-loops reinforce the CTCF boundary and facilitate formation of TADs to drive gene transcription. Either deleting CBS or targeting RNase H to eliminate R-loops in the boundary CBS of β-catenin TAD impaired CTCF boundary activity, inhibited promoter/enhancer interactions, reduced β-catenin target expression, and mitigated leukemogenesis in xenograft mouse models with aberrant HOTTIP expression. Thus, HOTTIP-mediated R-loop formation directly reinforces CTCF chromatin boundary activity and TAD integrity to drive oncogene transcription and leukemia development.
Display omitted
•HOTTIP recruits CTCF/cohesin and R-loop regulators to form R-loops at TAD boundaries•R-loops reinforce HOTTIP-associated CTCF boundaries and facilitate TAD formation•R-loop-dependent CTCF boundaries coordinate oncogenic Wnt pathway in AML•Loss of HOTTIP-driven R-loops impairs TAD topology, leading to mitigating AML severity
In this article, Luo et al. discovered that HOTTIP lncRNA and CTCF/cohesin co-occupied a subset of the AML genome driven by HOTTIP aberration. HOTTIP regulates the CTCF boundary and TAD topology of β-catenin and its target loci by binding to complementary sequences to form R-loop structures that drive leukemic transcription programs and leukemogenesis.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PDF
