Plant microbiota is a key determinant of plant health and productivity. The composition and structure of plant microbiota varies according to plant tissue and compartment, which are specific habitats ...for microbial colonization. To investigate the structural composition of the microbiome associated with tomato roots under natural systems, we characterized the bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities of three belowground compartments (rhizosphere, endosphere, and bulk soil) of tomato plants collected from 23 greenhouses in 7 geographic locations of South Korea. The microbial diversity and structure varied by rhizocompartment, with the most distinctive community features found in the endosphere. The bacterial and fungal communities in the bulk soil and rhizosphere were correlated with soil physicochemical properties, such as pH, electrical conductivity, and exchangeable cation levels, while this trend was not evident in the endosphere samples. A small number of core bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) present in all samples from the rhizosphere and endosphere represented more than 60% of the total relative abundance. Among these core microbes, OTUs belonging to the genera Acidovorax, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Streptomyces, and Variovorax, members of which are known to have beneficial effects on plant growth, were more relatively abundant in the endosphere samples. A co-occurrence network analysis indicated that the microbial community in the rhizosphere had a larger and more complex network than those in the bulk soil and endosphere. The analysis also identified keystone taxa that might play important roles in microbe-microbe interactions in the community. Additionally, profiling of predicted gene functions identified many genes associated with membrane transport in the endospheric and rhizospheric communities. Overall, the data presented here provide preliminary insight into bacterial, archaeal, and fungal phylogeny, functionality, and interactions in the rhizocompartments of tomato roots under real-world environments.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•The whole genome of Bacillus velezensis M75 was sequenced.•This strain showed strong antagonistic activity towards fungal plant pathogens.•This strain had a 4,007,450-bp circular chromosome with ...3921 genes.•The genome contained operons encoding various lipopeptides and polyketides.•Genes encoding secondary metabolites were found in the M75 strain.
Bacillus species have been widely used as biological control agents in agricultural fields due to their ability to suppress plant pathogens. Bacillus velezensis M75 was isolated from cotton waste used for mushroom cultivation in Korea, and was found to be antagonistic to fungal plant pathogens. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the M75 strain, which has a 4,007,450-bp single circular chromosome with 3921 genes and a G+C content of 46.60%. The genome contained operons encoding various non-ribosomal peptide synthetases and polyketide synthases, which are responsible for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Our results will provide a better understanding of the genome of B. velezensis strains for their application as biocontrol agents against fungal plant pathogens in agricultural fields.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) is a frailty assessment tool based on an accumulation of deficits model. We mapped RAI to data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Database to determine whether ...RAI correlates with postoperative outcomes following lung cancer resection.
This was a national database retrospective observational study based on data from the STS Database. Study patients underwent surgery 2018 to 2020. RAI was divided into four increasing risk categories. The associations between RAI and each of postoperative complications and administrative outcomes were examined using logistic regression models. We also compared the performance of RAI to established risk indices (American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)) using areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC). Results: Of 29,420 candidate patients identified in the STS Database, RAI could be calculated for 22,848 (78%). Almost all outcome categories exhibited a progressive increase in marginal probability as RAI increased. On multivariable analyses, RAI was significantly associated with an incremental pattern with almost all outcomes. ROC analyses for RAI demonstrated "good" AUC values for mortality (0.785; 0.748) and discharge location (0.791), but only "fair" values for all other outcome categories (0.618 to 0.690). RAI performed similarly to ASA and CCI in terms of AUC score categories.
RAI is associated with clinical and administrative outcomes following lung cancer resection. However, its overall accuracy as a surgical risk predictor is only moderate and similar to ASA and CCI. We do not recommend routine use of RAI for assessment of individual patient risk for major lung resection.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
4.
Population pharmacokinetics and analgesic potency of oxycodone Choi, Byung‐Moon; Lee, Yong‐Hun; An, Sang‐Mee ...
BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology,
February 2017, Volume:
83, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Aims
This prospective study aimed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of intravenous oxycodone and to determine the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and minimum effective analgesic ...concentration (MEAC) of oxycodone for major open intra‐abdominal surgery.
Methods
In the pharmacokinetic study, patients were administered intravenous oxycodone (0.1 mg kg−1), and arterial blood was sampled at pre‐set intervals. In the analgesic‐potency study, patients were administered intravenous oxycodone (0.1 mg kg−1) 30 min before the end of the surgery, were placed in the postoperative anaesthesia care unit (PACU), and were asked to rate their pain every 10 min using a visual analogue scale (0 = no pain, 10 = most severe pain). On the first occasion that wound pain at rest and during compression was rated as ≥3 or ≥5, respectively, the first blood sample was obtained to determine the MEC. A second blood sample was obtained after titration with 2 mg of oxycodone to yield wound pain <3 at rest and <5 during wound compression, and MEAC was determined. MEC and MEAC were determined again in each patient.
Results
In the population pharmacokinetic study (n = 54), oxycodone plasma concentration over time was well described by a three‐compartment mammillary model. Lean body mass and age were significant covariates for the volume of distribution and metabolic clearance of the pharmacokinetic model of oxycodone, respectively. The analgesic‐potency study (n = 50) showed that the median (95% CI) MEC and MEAC were 31.5 (19.2–42.8) and 74.1 (29.2–128.3) ng ml−1 (first measurements) and 63.4 (15.6–120.1) and 76.1 (32.9–132.7) ng ml−1 (second measurements), respectively.
Conclusions
In major intra‐abdominal open surgery, the MEAC and analgesic potency of oxycodone were 75 ng ml−1 and 60 ng ml−1, respectively.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The beach chair position (BCP) is widely used in shoulder surgery; however, it frequently leads to hypotension. Hypotension in BCP is prevalent among older patients who are at risk of secondary ...complications such as ischemic injuries. Therefore, this prospective study aimed to investigate the association and predictive value of frailty, as assessed by ultrasound-measured quadriceps depth and questionnaire, in patients aged ≥65 years undergoing elective shoulder surgery under general anesthesia. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for hypotension in BCP under general anesthesia. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess the predictive values of various parameters. The results indicated that a quadriceps depth < 2.3 cm and BCP for an extended period significantly increased the risk of hypotension. The combined consideration of quadriceps depth < 2.3 cm and frailty demonstrated markedly superior predictive power compared with each factor individually. In conclusion, the study findings facilitate the screening and identification of risk factors for older patients undergoing surgery in BCP, thereby enhancing perioperative management.
Background Although postoperative predicted forced expiratory volume in the first second and diffusing capacity of lung (ppoFEV1 % and ppoDLCO%, respectively) have been identified as independent ...predictors of postoperative pulmonary complications after open lobectomy, it has been suggested that their predictive abilities may not extend to patients undergoing minimally invasive lobectomy. Methods We evaluated outcomes in 805 patients undergoing isolated lobectomy through open (n = 585) or minimally invasive approaches (n = 220) using a prospective database. Demographic and physiologic data were extracted and compared with complications classified as pulmonary, cardiac, other, mortality, and any. Results Patients included 428 women and 377 men; mean age was 65.0 years. Minimally invasive patients were older (66.6 versus 64.3 years, p = 0.006), had better ppoFEV1 % (71.5% versus 65.6%, p < 0.001) and performance status (0,1 94.1% versus 88.4%, p = 0.017), and less often underwent induction therapy (0.5% versus 4.8%, p = 0.003). Pulmonary and other complications were less common after minimally invasive lobectomy (3.6% versus 10.4%, p = 0.0034; 8.6% versus 15.8%, p = 0.008). Operative mortality occurred in 1.4% of minimally invasive patients and 3.9% of open patients ( p = 0.075). Pulmonary complication incidence was related to predicted postoperative lung function for both minimally invasive and open approaches. On multivariate analysis with stratification for stage, ppoFEV1 % and ppoDLCO% were predictive of pulmonary complications for both minimally invasive and open approaches. Conclusions Our results suggest that the predictive abilities of ppoFEV1 % and ppoDLCO% are retained for minimally invasive lobectomy and can be used to estimate the risk of pulmonary complications.
Background/Objectives: The psoas: lumbar vertebral index (PLVI) is a simple and convenient measure to assess central sarcopenia. Recent studies have utilized the psoas area to indirectly assess ...sarcopenia and frailty, exploring their associations with various health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the PLVI and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in patients aged 60 years and above following a herpes zoster (HZ) infection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 351 patients (≥60 years) who developed HZ between January 2019 and December 2023; the patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of PHN after HZ onset. Results: The analyses using receiver operating characteristic curves revealed a value for the area under the curve of 0.813 for PLVI and 0.769 for the modified frailty index (mFI). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, numerical rating scale scoring, a low PLVI, and a greater number of categorical mFI variables (adjusted odds ratio: 1.30, 3.27, and 2.46, respectively) were found to be significant independent predictors of PHN. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the association between a low PLVI and PHN in an older population. The PLVI may have potential as a predictive tool for PHN in older patients with HZ, but further research is needed to confirm these results.
Objective To evaluate the impact of race on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. Design Retrospective analysis. Setting Private practice. Patient(s) All women who underwent a first autologous IVF ...cycle at Fertility Centers of Illinois from January 2010 to December 2012. Intervention(s) Information was collected on baseline characteristics, cycle parameters, and outcomes. Race was self-reported. Main Outcome Measure(s) Clinical intrauterine pregnancy and live birth rates. Result(s) A total of 4,045 women were included: 3,003 white (74.2%), 213 black (5.3%), 541 Asian (13.4%), and 288 Hispanic women (7.1%). A multivariable logistic regression was performed to control for confounders. Compared with white women, the adjusted odds ratio for clinical intrauterine pregnancy was 0.63 (95% confidence interval CI 0.44–0.88) in black women, 0.73 (95% CI 0.60–0.90) in Asian women, and 0.82 (95% CI 0.62–1.07) in Hispanic women. The adjusted odds ratio for live birth was 0.50 (95% CI 0.33–0.72) in black women, 0.64 (95% CI 0.51–0.80) in Asian women, and 0.80 (95% CI 0.60–1.06) in Hispanic women compared with white women. The spontaneous abortion rate was 14.6% in white women versus 28.9% in black women, 20.6% in Asian women, and 15.3% in Hispanic women. Conclusion(s) Black and Asian women had lower odds of clinical intrauterine pregnancy and live birth and higher rates of spontaneous abortion compared with white women. Further research is needed to better characterize the mechanisms associated with this racial disparity and to improve treatment options for black and Asian women.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
To investigate the prognostic value of gene variants and copy number variations (CNVs) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), an integrative genomic analysis was performed.
...Sixty-seven patients with NDMM exhibiting more than 60% plasma cells in the bone marrow aspirate were enrolled in the study. Whole-exome sequencing was conducted on bone marrow nucleated cells. Mutation and CNV analyses were performed using the CNVkit and Nexus Copy Number software. In addition, karyotype and fluorescent in situ hybridization were utilized for the integrated analysis.
Eighty-three driver gene mutations were detected in 63 patients with NDMM. The median number of mutations per patient was 2.0 (95% confidence interval CI = 2.0-3.0, range = 0-8). MAML2 and BHLHE41 mutations were associated with decreased survival. CNVs were detected in 56 patients (72.7%; 56/67). The median number of CNVs per patient was 6.0 (95% CI = 5.7-7.0; range = 0-16). Among the CNVs, 1q gain, 6p gain, 6q loss, 8p loss, and 13q loss were associated with decreased survival. Additionally, 1q gain and 6p gain were independent adverse prognostic factors. Increased numbers of CNVs and driver gene mutations were associated with poor clinical outcomes. Cluster analysis revealed that patients with the highest number of driver mutations along with 1q gain, 6p gain, and 13q loss exhibited the poorest prognosis.
In addition to the known prognostic factors, the integrated analysis of genetic variations and CNVs could contribute to prognostic stratification of patients with NDMM.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Two Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria, designated 12200R-189
T
and 14171R-81
T
were isolated from the rhizosphere of tomato plants. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity ...between strains 12200R-189
T
and 14171R-81
T
were 97.2%. Both strains showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to
Paenibacillus sacheonensis
SY01
T
(96.3% and 98.0%, respectively). The genome of strain 12200R-189
T
was approximately 6.7 Mb in size with 5,750 protein-coding genes (CDSs) and the G + C content was 58.1 mol%, whereas that of strain 14171R-81
T
comprised one chromosome of 7.0 Mb and two plasmids (0.2 Mb each) with 6,595 CDSs and the G + C content was 54.5 mol%. Comparative genome analysis revealed that average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values among 12200R-189
T
, 14171R-81
T
, and other closely related species were below the cut-off levels 95% and 70%, respectively. Strain 12200R-189
T
grew at a temperature range of 15–40°C, pH 6.0–9.0, and 0–3% NaCl (w/v), whereas strain 14171R-81
T
grew at a temperature range of 10–37°C, pH 6.0–8.0, and 0–1% NaCl (w/v). Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) was the only isoprenoid quinone detected in both strains. The predominant cellular fatty acids (> 10%) were iso-C
15:0
, anteiso-C
15:0
, and iso-C
16:0
. The polar lipids of strain 12200R-189
T
were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), aminophospholipid (APL), phospholipid (PL), phosphatidylglycolipid (PGL), and four aminophosphoglycolipids (APGLs) and those of strain 14171R-81
T
were DPG, PG, PE, APL, three PLs, two PGLs, and three APGLs. Based on phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic analyses, strains 12200R-189
T
and 14171R-81
T
represent two novel species of the genus
Paenibacillus
, for which the names
Paenibacillus lycopersici
sp. nov. and
Paenibacillus rhizovicinus
sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are 12200R-189
T
(= KACC 19916
T
= CCTCC AB 2020027
T
) and 14171R-81
T
(= KACC 19915
T
= CCTCC AB 2020026
T
).
Full text
Available for:
EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
PDF
