Consensus is so important that it has always occupied its crucial position in human society. In particular, the meaning and importance of consensus in democratic society is much more special because ...it is a social system that operates based on the consensus among people. Up to now, human society has reached consensus by using the majority vote, but it is clear that there are several problems in it. Meanwhile, there are lots of researches which have been carried out so far to develop the appropriate methodology and tools for reaching out consensus. However, these researches suggest that measurement to derive the result is difficult for general purpose in that the evaluation is one-time, and that the trust problem arises from delegating the consensus process to the 3-rd party such as information system is not solved. In this paper, we propose an iterative consensus process which can solve the problems above, and general description about this process is included. The proposed process draws consensus in an iterative way, visualize the information generated from iteration, presents it to the participants, and supports the participants' consensus through structured discussion. In addition, the trust problem, which occurs when a consensus process is delegated to the information system can be solved with utilizing the blockchain technology by conveying and ensuring the reliability of the result, and this proposed process can adopt it.
We propose a novel computation-in-memory (CIM) architecture based on DRAM for binary neural network, in which a novel charge sharing circuit enables us to perform all logic operations and ...accumulation inside sub-array at a very small area overhead (1.22%). Especially, the in-DRAM accumulation can significantly reduce off-chip DRAM accesses. Our experiments show that, on VGG-9 model for CIFAR-10, our proposed method, realized on DDR4 DRAM, gives 2.56 times smaller latency per image and 19.57 times lower energy consumption in off-chip data transfer than the existing methods, modified Ambit and DRISA, at a very small accuracy loss (0.23%).
크라우드 소싱 기반의 유튜브 채널 추천 플랫폼 개발 연구 림빈; 임영환; 심근정 ...
Journal of the convergence on culture technology : JCCT,
08/2021, Volume:
7, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Open access
Current YouTube recommends similar contents to users based on the contents they actually consumed. Due to the feature of these algorithms, users are well recommended for contents in similar fields, ...but it is difficult to be recommended contents in fields that have never been consumed. There is a limit to being widely recommended for videos. I want to solve this problem by utilizing crowd sourcing. I propose a platform that can be recommended for various channels, through direct participation of the public people using youtube. Users can be recommended a variety of channels, communicate with people in the channel discussion room, and at the same time generate revenue by recommending channels. I hope that this platform can be used in various crowd sourcing-based recommendation platforms. 현재의 유튜브는 사용자가 실제 소비한 콘텐츠를 기반으로 사용자에게 유사한 콘텐츠를 추천한다. 이런 알고리즘의 특성으로 인하여 사용자는 비슷한 분야의 콘텐츠는 잘 추천받지만 소비 한적이 없는 분야의 콘텐츠는 추천 받기가 어렵다. 폭넓게 영상을 추천 받는데 있어서 한계가 있다. 크라우드 소싱을 활용하여 이 문제를 해결하고자 한다. 유튜브를 사용하는 대중들의 직접적인 참여를 통하여 다양한 채널을 추천받을 수 있는 플랫폼을 제안한다. 사용자는 다양한 채널을 추천받고 채널 토론 방에서 사람들과 소통할 수 있으며 동시에 채널을 추천하여 수익을 창출할 수 있다. 본 플랫폼이 다양한 크라우드 소싱 기반의 추천 플랫폼에서 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.
DDR4 SDRAM is expected to realize low power consumption and high bandwidth using a 1.2V nominal supply voltage and to be a cost-effective solution for various applications. In this paper, bank group ...architecture, internal reference voltage level (IVREF) and pre-emphasis to overcome conventional operating frequency range are presented. CS_n to command/address latency (CAL), data bus inversion (DBI) and ×4 half-page architecture are introduced to reduce current consumption. Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and command and address (CA) parity are adopted to check transmission errors in high bandwidth. Also, read CRC with DBI is calculated in parallel to mitigate calculation time and area penalty. Consequently, our 2Gb DDR4 SDRAM achieves 2.4Gb/s data rate at 1.0V supply voltage.
Abstract
Single-atom-catalysts (SACs) afford a fascinating activity with respect to other nanomaterials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), yet the simplicity of single-atom center limits its ...further modification and utilization. Obtaining bimetallic single-atom-dimer (SAD) structures can reform the electronic structure of SACs with added atomic-level synergistic effect, further improving HER kinetics beyond SACs. However, the synthesis and identification of such SAD structure remains conceptually challenging. Herein, systematic first-principle screening reveals that the synergistic interaction at the NiCo-SAD atomic interface can upshift the d-band center, thereby, facilitate rapid water-dissociation and optimal proton adsorption, accelerating alkaline/acidic HER kinetics. Inspired by theoretical predictions, we develop a facile strategy to obtain NiCo-SAD on N-doped carbon (NiCo-SAD-NC) via in-situ trapping of metal ions followed by pyrolysis with precisely controlled N-moieties. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates the emergence of Ni-Co coordination at the atomic-level. The obtained NiCo-SAD-NC exhibits exceptional pH-universal HER-activity, demanding only 54.7 and 61 mV overpotentials at −10 mA cm
−2
in acidic and alkaline media, respectively. This work provides a facile synthetic strategy for SAD catalysts and sheds light on the fundamentals of structure-activity relationships for future applications.
Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have become the forefront of energy conversion studies, but unfortunately, the origin of their activity and the interpretation of the synchrotron spectrograms of these ...materials remain ambiguous. Here, systematic density functional theory computations reveal that the edge sites—zigzag and armchair—are responsible for the activity of the graphene‐based Co (cobalt) SACs toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Then, edge‐rich (E)‐Co single atoms (SAs) were rationally synthesized guided by theoretical results. Supervised learning techniques are applied to interpret the measured synchrotron spectrum of E‐Co SAs. The obtained local environments of Co SAs, 65.49% of Co‐4N‐plane, 13.64% in Co‐2N‐armchair, and 20.86% in Co‐2N‐zigzag, are consistent with Athena fitting. Remarkably, E‐Co SAs show even better HER electrocatalytic performance than commercial Pt/C at high current density. Using the joint effort of theoretical modeling, thorough characterization of the catalysts aided by supervised learning, and catalytic performance evaluations, this study not only uncovers the activity origin of Co SACs for HER but also lays the cornerstone for the rational design and structural analysis of nanocatalysts.
Single‐atom‐catalysts (SACs) are at the forefront of energy conversion research. Unfortunately, the origin of their activity and interpretation of these materials’ synchrotron spectrograms remain ambiguous. By theoretical modeling, catalytic characterization aided by supervised learning, and catalytic performance evaluations, this study uncovers the Co SACs’ activity origin of hydrogen evolution. It lays the cornerstone for the design and structural analysis of nanocatalysts.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Automatic pattern recognition using deep learning techniques has become increasingly important. Unfortunately, due to limited system memory, general preprocessing methods for high-resolution images ...in the spatial domain can lose important data information such as high-frequency information and the region of interest. To overcome these limitations, we propose an image segmentation approach in the compressed domain based on principal component analysis (PCA) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). After inference for each tile using neural networks, a whole prediction image was reconstructed by wavelet weighted ensemble (WWE) based on inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT). The training and validation were performed using 351 colorectal biopsy specimens, which were pathologically confirmed by two pathologists. For 39 test datasets, the average Dice score, the pixel accuracy, and the Jaccard score were 0.804 ± 0.125, 0.957 ± 0.025, and 0.690 ± 0.174, respectively. We can train the networks for the high-resolution image with the large region of interest compared to the result in the low-resolution and the small region of interest in the spatial domain. The average Dice score, pixel accuracy, and Jaccard score are significantly increased by 2.7%, 0.9%, and 2.7%, respectively. We believe that our approach has great potential for accurate diagnosis.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The weak value concept has enabled fundamental studies of quantum measurement and, recently, found potential applications in quantum and classical metrology. However, most weak value experiments ...reported to date do not require quantum mechanical descriptions, as they only exploit the classical wave nature of the physical systems. In this work, we demonstrate measurement of the sequential weak value of two incompatible observables by making use of two-photon quantum interference so that the results can only be explained quantum physically. We then demonstrate that the sequential weak value measurement can be used to perform direct quantum process tomography of a qubit channel. Our work not only demonstrates the quantum nature of weak values but also presents potential new applications of weak values in analyzing quantum channels and operations.
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