To date, there has been limited research concerning the methodology and approach to Gulag heritage and how it has been memorialised and commodified for tourism purposes. The recent cultural ...commodification of the Soviet past and the development of participatory visitor experiences at Gulag museums in Kazakhstan necessitate to advance understandings of the roles authenticity and performance play in the management of Gulag museum practices in the country. Using a qualitative case study research approach based on a combination of semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in the development of Gulag tourism including senior management of museums, museum guides, policy-makers, tourism operators, local NGOs and experts in Soviet Gulag heritage, direct observations and qualitative document analysis of two Gulag museums and sites in Kazakhstan, the commodification and management of Soviet Gulag heritage is explored. Results reveal that beyond objects on display and images regarded as interpretive illustrations that allow visitors to connect with the past and verify history, dioramas and staged performances re-enacting various elements of the Gulag life are used as immersive and emotional tools to accentuate the 'dark' atmosphere of the epoch and induce a more impactful and participatory visitor experience. The findings contribute to literature on authenticity and performance in Gulag tourism by examining the delicate question of the extent to which stakeholders involved in the management of the Gulag tragedy can offer meaningful visitor experiences that are historically accurate and protect the dignity of the victims while adapting to the dynamic roles of museums as heritage and education sites.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
In Kazakhstan, the development of a tourism sector that highlights the repressive historical period of Soviet domination is limited. This study investigates the managerial practices of the ...conservation, visualisation and interpretation of Gulag heritage for tourism development at Kazakhstani museums from a multi-stakeholder perspective. A qualitative case study research approach based on interviews with museum management, policymakers, NGOs, tour operators and historians of the Kazakhstani Gulags is adopted to examine stakeholders' positions on practice. Various development and planning implications are identified: increase the cooperation between stakeholders for proactive cooperative fundraising for commercialisation and conservation of sites; and the need to consider the centrality of visual imagery in museum interpretation and initial multimedia development.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The hobo is a figure ensconced in the cultural fabric of the United States. Once categorized as a member of a homeless army who ought to be jailed or killed, the hobo has evolved into a safe, ...grandfatherly exemplar of Americana. Boxcar Politics reestablishes the hobo's political thorns.
John Lennon maps the rise and demise of the political hobo from the nineteenth-century introduction of the transcontinental railroad to the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956. Intertwining literary, historical, and theoretical representations of the hobo, he explores how riders and writers imagined alternative ways that working-class people could use mobility to create powerful dissenting voices outside of fixed hierarchal political organizations. Placing portrayals of hobos in the works of Jack London, Jim Tully, John Dos Passos, and Jack Kerouac alongside the lived reality of people hopping trains (including hobos of the IWW, the Scottsboro Boys, and those found in numerous long-forgotten memoirs), Lennon investigates how these marginalized individuals exerted collective political voices through subcultural practices.
In 2011, shortly after the euphoria of Hosni Mubarak's ousting from the Egyptian presidency had diminished with the Supreme Council of the Military Forces' (SCAF) constriction of the democratic ...process, graffiti writers offered their pointed commentary on the state of Egypt, painting walls throughout Cairo. Perhaps the most infamous of street artists in Egypt, Mohammad Fahmy, aka Ganzeer, put up a large graffito on a wall under the 6th of October Bridge in the Zamalek neighborhood of the nation's capital. The image is arresting: a young man on a bicycle carrying on his head an enormously large tray of aysh, a type of Egyptian bread, faces a military tank with its turret pointed directly at him. This political piece emphasises the divide between the youth movement that helped deliver the city from Mubarak's rule and the generals who subsequently consolidated power; the youth, and the city they occupied, are in danger of being destroyed. With echoes of the man who stood in front of tanks in Tiananmen Square on 5 June 1989, the solitary bicyclist holds the nourishment for the larger, collective resistance that had helped overthrow a dictator, and continued its active protest against the ruling military forces. A few hours after Ganzeer finished the piece, though, another prolific graffiti artist (and friend), Sad Panda, placed his iconic namesake on the wall behind the bicyclist. The slouching and portly panda, more cuddly than fierce, becomes a witness to the standoff being portrayed on the wall. The addition of the iconic panda speaks to the absurdity of the violence being directed against the bicyclist, humorously underlining that resistance - a deadly proposition - will take on many forms, including seemingly innocuous ones.
Intraoral sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is exceedingly rare, especially in the tongue. We reported the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of a rare SC case in a 59-year-old male who ...presented a painful ulcer on the tongue's posterior region. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of atypical basaloid cells with round to oval nuclei and prominent nucleoli arranged in lobes showing prominent sebaceous differentiation and areas of holocrine secretion. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for pan-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and negativity for cytokeratin 7 (CK7). The sebaceous cells were positive for adipophilin and perforin. Wide surgical excision followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy was performed. Careful histopathological analysis of these lesions is crucial to ensure a correct diagnosis. Due to the aggressive behavior of SCs, early diagnosis and treatment are essential to increase the patient's survival time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of SC in the tongue.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The application of whole-exome sequencing for the diagnosis of genetic disease has paved the way for systems-based approaches in the clinical laboratory. Here, we describe a clinical metabolomics ...method for the screening of metabolic diseases through the analysis of a multi-pronged mass spectrometry platform. By simultaneously measuring hundreds of metabolites in a single sample, clinical metabolomics offers a comprehensive approach to identify metabolic perturbations across multiple biochemical pathways.
We conducted a single- and multi-day precision study on hundreds of metabolites in human plasma on 4, multi-arm, high-throughput metabolomics platforms.
The average laboratory coefficient of variation (CV) on the 4 platforms was between 9.3 and 11.5% (median, 6.5-8.4%), average inter-assay CV on the 4 platforms ranged from 9.9 to 12.6% (median, 7.0-8.3%) and average intra-assay CV on the 4 platforms ranged from 5.7 to 6.9% (median, 3.5-4.4%). In relation to patient sample testing, the precision of multiple biomarkers associated with IEM disorders showed CVs that ranged from 0.2 to 11.0% across 4 analytical batches.
This evaluation describes single and multi-day precision across 4 identical metabolomics platforms, comprised each of 4 independent method arms, and reproducibility of the method for the measurement of key IEM metabolites in patient samples across multiple analytical batches, providing evidence that the method is robust and reproducible for the screening of patients with inborn errors of metabolism.
Soursop is seasonal and highly perishable fruit, which limits its commercialization. Thus it is necessary to conserve its pulp so that it is available throughout the year. One of the most common ...forms of fruit preservation is by dehydration. This work had an objective to dehydrate soursop pulp by spray drying at optimum conditions and to analyze the retention of bioactive and volatile compounds in soursop powder, besides analyzing its antioxidant capacity. The total phenolics, carotenoids and flavonoids contents were determined, while volatile compounds were analyzed by Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE) coupled with GC–MS system. The total content of the phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the fresh pulp were 160.28 mg of GAE/100 g and 87.17 mg of quercetin/100 g, respectively while for rehydrated dried powder their values were 158.95 mg of GAE/100 g and 85.17 mg of quercetin/100 g, respectively. The total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity did not show any significant difference (p < .05) between the fresh fruit pulp and dehydrated powder. A total of 85 volatile compounds were identified, of which 33 were esters, representing the major class of organic compounds, 15 were terpenes, 10 aldehydes, 7 acids, 5 alcohols, 5 lactones, 3 ketones, and 6 other compounds. Of the total 85 compounds, identified in soursop pulp, 58 compounds were identified in the rehydrated dried powder. The principal compounds for both samples were methyl (E)-2-hexenoate, methyl hexanoate and methyl (E)-2-butanoate, which contribute to soursop aroma according to their Odor Active Values (OAV). Considering that there was no significant difference (p < .05) between fresh pulp and the rehydrated dried powder in concentrations of bioactive compounds and even with the reduction in the concentration of the main volatile compounds while the OAVs of these compounds were relatively high, it is concluded that spray dried powder of soursop pulp retains its nutritional and aroma quality, besides maintaining the antioxidant capacity.
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•The drying process showed good retention of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity.•A SBSE-GC/MS identified a total of 85 and 58 compounds in soursop pulp and powder respectively.•Thirty one volatiles were selected as key aroma compounds in soursop pulp.•Most of the key aroma compounds of soursop were retained in the dehydrated powder.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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