Ghost Citizens Krzyzanowski, Lukasz; Levine, Madeline G
2020, 2020-06-16
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Few Polish Holocaust survivors went home after liberation. Lukasz Krzyzanowski recounts the story of a group who did--the returnees of Radom. Bureaucrats tried to hold back their property and ...possessions to prop up the ruined state. And the returnees faced pogroms and even gangs of fellow Jews. Against it all, they struggled to rebuild their lives.
Offspring sex ratios at the termination of parental care should theoretically be skewed toward the less expensive sex, which in most avian species would be females, the smaller gender. Among birds, ...however, raptors offer an unusual dynamic because they exhibit reversed size dimorphism with females being larger than males. And thus theory would predict a preponderance of male offspring. Results for raptors and birds in general have been varied although population‐level estimates of sex ratios in avian offspring are generally at unity. Adaptive adjustment of sex ratios in avian offspring is difficult to predict perhaps in part due to a lack of life‐history details and short‐term investigations that cannot account for precision or repeatability of sex ratios across time. We conducted a novel comparative study of sex ratios in nestling Cooper's hawks (Accipiter cooperii) in two study populations across breeding generations during 11 years in Wisconsin, 2001–2011. One breeding population recently colonized metropolitan Milwaukee and exhibited rapidly increasing population growth, while the ex‐Milwaukee breeding population was stable. Following life‐history trade‐off theory and our prediction regarding this socially monogamous species in which reversed sexual size dimorphism is extreme, first‐time breeding one‐year‐old, second‐year females in both study populations produced a preponderance of the smaller and cheaper sex, males, whereas ASY (after‐second‐year), ≥2‐year‐old females in Milwaukee produced a nestling sex ratio near unity and predictably therefore a greater proportion of females compared to ASY females in ex‐Milwaukee who produced a preponderance of males. Adjustment of sex ratios in both study populations occurred at conception. Life histories and selective pressures related to breeding population trajectory in two age cohorts of nesting female Cooper's hawk likely vary, and it is possible that these differences influenced the sex ratios we documented for two age cohorts of female Cooper's hawks in Wisconsin.
We conducted a novel comparatie study of sex ratios in nestling Cooper's Hawks (Accipiter cooperii) in two study populations across breeding generations in Wisconsin, 2001–2011. Following life‐history trade‐off theory and our prediction regarding this socially monogamous species, first‐time breeding one‐year‐old females in both study populations produced a preponderance of the smaller and cheaper sex, males. Whereas older females in Milwaukee produced a nestling sex ration near unity, and predictably therefore a greater proportion of females compared to older females in ex‐Milwaukee who produced a preponderance of males.
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The poignant story of Holocaust survivors who returned to their hometown in Poland and tried to pick up the pieces of a shattered world. In the immediate aftermath of World War II, the lives of ...Polish Jews were marked by violence and emigration. But some of those who had survived the Nazi genocide returned to their hometowns and tried to start their lives anew. Lukasz Krzyzanowski recounts the story of this largely forgotten group of Holocaust survivors. Focusing on Radom, an industrial city about sixty miles south of Warsaw, he tells the story of what happened throughout provincial Poland as returnees faced new struggles along with massive political, social, and legal change. Non-Jewish locals mostly viewed the survivors with contempt and hostility. Many Jews left immediately, escaping anti-Semitic violence inflicted by new communist authorities and ordinary Poles. Those who stayed created a small, isolated community. Amid the devastation of Poland, recurring violence, and bureaucratic hurdles, they tried to start over. They attempted to rebuild local Jewish life, recover their homes and workplaces, and reclaim property appropriated by non-Jewish Poles or the state. At times they turned on their own. Krzyzanowski recounts stories of Jewish gangs bent on depriving returnees of their prewar possessions and of survivors shunned for their wartime conduct. The experiences of returning Jews provide important insights into the dynamics of post-genocide recovery. Drawing on a rare collection of documents-including the postwar Radom Jewish Committee records, which were discovered by the secret police in 1974-Ghost Citizens is the moving story of Holocaust survivors and their struggle to restore their lives in a place that was no longer home.
The Abecadlo or ABC book is a familiar genre in Polish letters, a loose form that allows the author to chat, pontificate, display his wit or wax sentimental. Poet Czeslaw Milosz has taken the genre ...of the ABC book and adapted it to his own needs, tailoring it to fit his ongoing project of writing the history of the 20th century as he witnessed and understands it.
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10.
Paul Debreczeny, 1932-2008 Feinberg, Lawrence E.; Levine, Madeline G.
Slavic review,
2008, Volume:
67, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
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