In this study, we utilized a simple and efficient microwave heating method with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and phosphate as raw materials to synthesize room temperature persistent luminescence (RTPL) ...materials that emit phosphorescent light for up to 10 s. Our investigation revealed that the optimal synthesis conditions were a microwave radiation power of 560 W and a heating time of 5 min. The synthesized RTPL materials had an average particle size of 2 nm and exhibited excellent RTPL performance, with optimal excitation and emission wavelengths of 360 nm and 544 nm, respectively. Additionally, these materials displayed good water solubility. We conducted mapping experiments and in situ phosphorescent imaging of plants to showcase the potential applications of RTPL materials in the fields of biological imaging and anti-counterfeiting. Overall, our findings demonstrate the promising potential of these RTPL materials as versatile tools for various practical applications.
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•A putative glucose 1-dehydrogenase from Thermoplasma acidophilum was characterized.•The SyGDH displayed high activity, thermostability, and organic solvent tolerance.•Reduction of ...haloketone coupled with NADPH regeneration in organic solvent/buffer system.•Biosynthesis (R)−CCE and (S)-BPE in > 99.9% ee and > 98% yield by E. coli/Sygdh-Sys1.
To realize coenzyme regeneration in the reduction of haloketones, a codon-optimized gene Sygdh encoding glucose 1-dehydrogenase (SyGDH) was synthesized based on the putative GDH gene sequence (Ta0897) in Thermoplasma acidophilum genomic DNA, and expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). Recombinant SyGDH was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography with the specific activity of 86.3 U/mg protein towards D-glucose at the optimum pH and temperature of 7.5 and 40 °C. It was highly stable in a pH range of 4.5–8.0 and at 60 °C or below, and resistant to various organic solvents. The Km and catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of SyGDH towards NADP+ were 0.67 mM and 104.0 mM−1 s−1, respectively, while those towards NAD+ were 157.9 mM and 0.64 mM−1 s−1, suggesting that it preferred NADP+ as coenzyme to NAD+. Additionally, using whole cells of E. coli/Sygdh-Sys1, coexpressing SyGDH and carbonyl reductase (SyS1), as the biocatalyst, the asymmetric reduction of 60 mM m-chlorophenacyl chloride coupled with the regeneration of NADPH in situ was conducted in DMSO/phosphate buffer (2:8, v/v) system, producing (R)-2-chloro-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanol with over 99.9% eep and 99.2% yield. Similarly, the reduction of 40 mM α-bromoacetophenone in n-hexane/buffer (6:4, v/v) biphasic system produced (S)-2-bromo-1-phenylethanol with over 99.9% eep and 98.3% yield.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this study, we investigated the effects of hinokitiol on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -3, -13, collagen type II (Col2a1) and β-catenin expressions in rat chondrocytes induced by ...interleukin-1β and in an experimental rat model induced by intra-articular injection of mono-iodoacetate (MIA) into the knee.
Chondrocytes were cultured from the articular cartilage of 2-week-old rats. Passaged chondrocytes were pretreated with hinokitiol for 2h followed by co-incubation with IL-1β for 24h. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to assess the expression of MMP-1, -3, -13, Col2a1 and β-catenin. Chondrocytes were also treated with Licl, Dickkopf-1, and/or hinokitiol for 24h, the MMP-1, -3, -13 and β-catenin protein levels determined by Western blotting. The in vivo effects of hinokitiol were assessed by morphological and histological analyses following MIA injection.
Hinokitiol inhibited IL-1β-stimulated MMP-1,-3 and -13 expressions and IL-1β-induced activation of intracellular β-catenin proteins in cultured chondrocytes. In vivo, morphological and histological examinations demonstrated that hinokitiol significantly ameliorated cartilage degeneration.
Hinokitiol is an effective anti-inflammatory reagent that acts by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and could be a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.
•Hinokitiol inhibits the IL-1β and Licl -induced expression of MMPs in chondrocytes.•The in vitro results indicate that hinokitiol could inhibit Wnt/β-catenin pathway.•We find the inhibitory effect of hinokitiol is weaker than that of Dkk-1.•The in vivo results show that hinokitiol could delay the progression of OA.•The study suggests hinokitiol could be a promising therapeutic agent for the OA.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Coordination‐driven self‐assembly has been extensively employed for the bottom‐up construction of discrete metallo‐macrocycles. However, the prevalent use of benzene rings as the backbone limits the ...formation of large metallo‐macrocycles with more than six edges. Herein, by embedding metal nodes into the ligand backbone, we successfully regulated the ligand arm angle and assembled two giant heptagonal metallo‐macrocycles with precise control. The angle between two arms at position 4 of the central terpyridine (tpy) extended after complexation with metal ions, leading to ring expansion of the metallo‐macrocycle. The assembled structures were straightforwardly identified through multi‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy (1H, COSY, NOESY), multidimensional mass spectrometry analysis (ESI‐MS and TWIM‐MS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). In addition, the catalytic performances of metallo‐macrocycles in the oxidation of thioanisole were studied, with both supramolecules exhibiting good conversion rates. Furthermore, fiber‐like nanostructures were observed from single‐molecule heptagons by hierarchical self‐assembly.
Two giant metallo‐macrocycles with double‐layer and triple‐layer concentric heptagonal structures (DA and TA, respectively) have been successfully assembled by embedding coordination sites in the ligand backbone. The angle between the two arms at position 4 of the central terpyridine (tpy) units increased after complexation with metal ions, leading to precise control over the topology.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The emergence and rapid spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria have posed a serious threat to global health and security. Because of the time-consuming, high cost and high risk of ...developing new antibiotics, a significant method is to use antibiotic adjuvants to revitalize the existing antibiotics. The purpose of the study is to research the traditional Chinese medicine baicalin with the function of inhibiting the efflux pump and EDTA whether their single or combination can increase the activity of colistin against colistin-resistant Salmonella in vitro and in vivo, and to explore its molecular mechanisms. In vitro antibacterial experiments, we have observed that baicalin and EDTA alone could enhance the antibacterial activity of colistin. At the same time, the combination of baicalin and EDTA also showed a stronger synergistic effect on colistin, reversing the colistin resistance of all Salmonella strains. Molecular docking and RT-PCR results showed that the combination of baicalin and EDTA not only affected the expression of mcr-1, but also was an effective inhibitor of MCR-1. In-depth synergistic mechanism analysis revealed that baicalin and EDTA enhanced colistin activity through multiple pathways, including accelerating the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), inhibiting the bacterial antioxidant system and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) modification, depriving multidrug efflux pump functions and attenuating bacterial virulence. In addition, the combinational therapy of colistin, baicalin and EDTA displayed an obvious reduction in bacterial loads cfus of liver and spleen compared with monotherapy and 2-drug combination therapy. In conclusion, our study indicates that the combination of baicalin and EDTA as a novel colistin adjuvant can provide a reliable basis for formulating the therapeutic regimen for colistin resistant bacterial infection.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A new member of β-carboline alkaloids, Marinacarboline glucuronide (1), along with nine known compounds (2–10), were isolated from static liquid fermentation extracts of Actinoalloteichus ...cyanogriseus LHW52806 isolated from the marine sponge Phakellia fusca. Their structures were elucidated by NMR, mass spectrometry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All compounds exhibited neither antimicrobial activity nor cytotoxicity. Compounds 1, 8 and 10 showed anti-inflammatory potential of significant decreasing the expressions of IL- 6 in vitro at 20 µM.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Previous studies show that individual investors play a dominant role in China's stock market. Their behavior of chasing-rise being stronger than killing-fall leads to asymmetry of feedback trading. ...Our article investigates how mutual funds react to this market force. Using China's stock and fund data from 2003 to 2019, we find that mutual funds tend to hold fewer shares when asymmetric feedback trading of the relevant stock gets more intense. This negative relationship is robust after controlling past returns, turnover rates, and firm risk factors, moreover, it attenuates when the market sentiment is bullish or when stocks are allowed short-selling. Further results show that mutual funds' selling towards asymmetric feedback trading does not make excess return but leads to significant risk reduction. Our findings may be related to uncertainty associated with asymmetric feedback trading, and thus support the limit market participation theory from the second largest stock market.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this study, we employed the chain mediation model to examine the associations between teacher-student relationships, resilience, learning engagement, and subjective happiness among left-behind ...children (LBC). A sample of 431 LBC from southwestern China was assessed at three different time points at six-month intervals. The Subjective Happiness Scale, Teacher-Student Relationship Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Learning Engagement Questionnaire were utilised for measurement purposes. The findings revealed that the subjective happiness of LBC was influenced by their teacher-student relationships through the separate pathways of resilience and learning engagement. Moreover, the teacher-student relationship could predict LBC's subjective happiness either via a pathway from resilience to learning engagement or through a pathway from learning engagement to resilience. This study underscores the crucial role of teachers in facilitating positive development among LBC and highlights implications for policymakers to prioritise quality training for teachers in rural primary schools. By enhancing childhood teachers' understanding of key factors influencing children's positive development, appropriate strategies can be implemented effectively to support LBC.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•A novel bi-objective optimization of photovoltaic array reconfiguration is built.•The lifetime and control complexity of switching devices are considered.•Six evolutionary based Pareto optimization ...algorithms are adopted for the optimums.•Four partial shading patterns are designed for three scales of photovoltaic arrays.•It can improve the generation efficiency and reduce the control complexity.
During the daily operation of photovoltaic array, it easily faces the partial shading conditions resulted from the cloud shadow, dropping dust, etc. It will directly cause a lifetime reduction and a generation efficiency decrement for the photovoltaic array. To weaken the negative influence of partial shading condition, one of the most favoured ways is the photovoltaic array reconfiguration. However, the conventional photovoltaic array reconfiguration only aims to maximize the power output, which did not consider the lifetime and control complexity of switching devices. To fill up this gap, this paper constructs a new bi-objective optimization of photovoltaic array reconfiguration, which attempts to simultaneously maximize the output power and minimize the switching number. Consequently, it can dramatically reduce the switching control complexity while improving the generation efficiency, while the operation life of the switching devices can be lengthened. In order to find a high-quality Pareto optimal reconfiguration schemes, six frequently-used evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms are employed to solve this bi-objective optimization. The effectiveness of bi-objective optimization of photovoltaic array reconfiguration is tested on three scales of total-cross-tied photovoltaic arrays under four partial shading patterns. The simulation results show that the maximum power increment by the proposed technique is up to 26.6% against to that without optimization, while the average switch number decrement is up to 31.1% compared with the single-objective optimization algorithms.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
•A new strategy for preparing COF based composite with superior selective adsorption property was developed.•Due to introduction of halogen bonding and MIP sites, the composite had ...directional-selection and family-selection properties.•SiO2@F-COF@MIP showed superior selective adsorption properties for TBr-BPA and TCl-BPA.•SiO2@F-COF@MIP had been successfully used in enriching target compounds in actual samples.
Materials with high adsorption properties and high selectivity are ideal adsorbents for the application of adsorption. Herein, by using tetrabrombisphenol A (TBr-BPA) as the template, a novel COF-based composite (SiO2@F-COF@MIP) with directional selectivity and three-dimensional spatial selectivity was developed for the first time. Superior selective adsorption effects of TBr-BPA and family-similar compound (tetrachlorbisphenol, TCl-BPA) can be achieved by using composite as the adsorbent. Firstly, to verify the performance of the composite, the selective adsorption effects of F-COF, SiO2-NH2, SiO2-NH2@F-COF and SiO2@F-COF@MIP on TBr-BPA, TCl-BPA and competing compounds were investigated and compared. Results showed that SiO2@F-COF@MIP had extremely high selective adsorption capacities for TBr-BPA and TCl-BPA with the maximal adsorption capacities of 653.2 and 158.8 mg·g−1, respectively. Secondly, by using computer simulation and experiments analysis, the mechanisms of SiO2@F-COF@MIP for the highly selective adsorption were explored. Results revealed the selective adsorption of TBr-BPA on SiO2@F-COF@MIP was mainly based on halogen bond interaction, three-dimensional space selectivity effect coupled with hydrogen bond and electrostatic interactions. The selective adsorption of TCl-BPA was mainly based on three-dimensional space selectivity, hydrogen bond and electrostatic interactions. Finally, SiO2@F-COF@MIP was used as the adsorbent for the enrichment of TBr-BPA and TCl-BPA in actual water and fish samples, and satisfactory recoveries were obtained, proving that SiO2@F-COF@MIP has great application prospect in high selective enrichment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
