Wearable sensor systems for infants Zhu, Zhihua; Liu, Tao; Li, Guangyi ...
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland),
02/2015, Volume:
15, Issue:
2
Journal Article, Book Review
Peer reviewed
Open access
Continuous health status monitoring of infants is achieved with the development and fusion of wearable sensing technologies, wireless communication techniques and a low energy-consumption ...microprocessor with high performance data processing algorithms. As a clinical tool applied in the constant monitoring of physiological parameters of infants, wearable sensor systems for infants are able to transmit the information obtained inside an infant's body to clinicians or parents. Moreover, such systems with integrated sensors can perceive external threats such as falling or drowning and warn parents immediately. Firstly, the paper reviews some available wearable sensor systems for infants; secondly, we introduce the different modules of the framework in the sensor systems; lastly, the methods and techniques applied in the wearable sensor systems are summarized and discussed. The latest research and achievements have been highlighted in this paper and the meaningful applications in healthcare and behavior analysis are also presented. Moreover, we give a lucid perspective of the development of wearable sensor systems for infants in the future.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Alterations in cellular ubiquitin （Ub） homeostasis, known as Ub stress, feature and affect cellular responses in multiple conditions, yet the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here ...we report that autophagy receptor p62/sequestosome-1 interacts with E2 Ub conjugating enzymes, UBE2D2 and UBE2D3. Endogenous p62 undergoes E2-dependent ubiquitylation during upregulation of Ub homeostasis, a condition termed as Ub~ stress, that is intrinsic to Ub overexpression, heat shock or prolonged proteasomal inhibition by bortezomib, a chemothera- peutic drug. Ubiquitylation of p62 disrupts dimerization of the UBA domain of p62, liberating its ability to recognize polyubiquitylated cargoes for selective autophagy. We further demonstrate that this mechanism might be critical for autophagy activation upon Ub stress conditions. Delineation of the mechanism and regulatory roles of p62 in sensing Ub stress and controlling selective autophagy could help to understand and modulate cellular responses to a variety of endogenous and environmental challenges, potentially opening a new avenue for the development of therapeutic strategies against autophagy-related maladies.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease and is the leading cause of chronic disability among older people. Chondrocyte death and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation was involved in OA ...pathogenesis. Ferroptosis was an iron-dependent cell death associated with peroxidation of lipids. Here, we proved that ferroptosis exists in OA and identified glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) as an important regulator of OA.
Ferroptosis-related alterations were analyzed in human OA and undamaged cartilage. Expression of GPX4 was examined in 55 paired human OA samples. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and Deferoxamine (DFO) were used to treat OA, in vitro and in vivo. Alterations of GPX4-mediated signaling pathway were identified by RNA-seq analysis. AAV-Gpx4-shRNA were used to downregulate GPX4 expression in vivo.
Transcriptomic, biochemical, and microscopical analyses indicated that ferroptosis was closely associated with OA. Expression of GPX4 in the OA cartilage from 55 OA patients were significantly lower than undamaged cartilage. Fer-1 and DFO could protect OA in a necroptosis-independent manner, suggesting that ferroptosis exists in OA prog. Importantly, GPX4 downregulation could increase the sensitivity of chondrocytes to oxidative stress and aggravate ECM degradation through the MAPK/NFκB pathway. Furthermore, downregulation of GPX4 expression by AAV-Gpx4 shRNA aggravated OA in vivo.
Ferroptosis contributes to OA pathogenesis and GPX4 was the intersection of two mechanisms in regulating OA progression: ferroptosis and ECM degradation.
This work was supported by the Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges of National Natural Science Funding of China (Grant no. 81820108020), the National Key Research and Development Project of China (Grant no. 2018YFC1106300) and the Basic Science Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital (Grant no. ynms202102).
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The goal of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of a wearable, low-cost optical, inertial, and force sensor suite for measuring the gait parameters of an abnormal gait. A pair of wearable shoes ...fused with range sensor arrays (WSFRSA) are developed for the gait analysis of normal and abnormal human walking. With the multiple small-size insole force sensors, the WSFRSA provides the real-time gait parameter estimations, such as normalized foot peak pressure, stance ratio, walking velocity, step-time variability, and so on. The fusion scheme is implemented to integrate the gyroscope and the range sensor measurements to obtain the foot pose estimation. We focus on the feasibility study and comparison of the gait parameters estimation using the WSFRSA and other methods. The results show a significantly less stride length and walking velocity, higher stance ratio, and step-time variability in the abnormal gait without toe rotation than those in normal walking gait. The WSFRSA shows highly agreement results with the reference system and acceptable performance for detecting the abnormal gait without the toe rotation.
Fifty-nine acupoints for febrile disease is recorded in
(
). By analyzing the combination of these acupoints, the writer discovered the acupoint composition and detected their origins from
, in which ...the terms
and
are involved in the theoretic evidence. The writer thought the "fifty-nine acupoints for febrile disease" implied the self-evolution of some acupuncture school in ancient time, which was formed by absorbing the theoretic experiences of the other schools. It is necessary to analyze and interpret the other literatures besides
and probably obtain the further reorganization on it.
Convolutional neural networks are an important category of deep learning, currently facing the limitations of electrical frequency and memory access time in massive data processing. Optical computing ...has been demonstrated to enable significant improvements in terms of processing speeds and energy efficiency. However, most present optical computing schemes are hardly scalable since the number of optical elements typically increases quadratically with the computational matrix size. Here, a compact on-chip optical convolutional processing unit is fabricated on a low-loss silicon nitride platform to demonstrate its capability for large-scale integration. Three 2 × 2 correlated real-valued kernels are made of two multimode interference cells and four phase shifters to perform parallel convolution operations. Although the convolution kernels are interrelated, ten-class classification of handwritten digits from the MNIST database is experimentally demonstrated. The linear scalability of the proposed design with respect to computational size translates into a solid potential for large-scale integration.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by impairments of cognitive function as a result of synaptic deficits and neuronal loss, is associated with ...inflammation. Apelin-13, a predominant neuropeptide with inhibiting effect on inflammation, has beneficial effects on cognition memory and neuronal damage. However, whether apelin-13 can protect neurons to ameliorate cognitive deficits in AD by inhibiting the inflammatory response remains largely unknown. To test this hypothesis, rats were intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected with streptozotocin (3 mg/kg) alone or in combination with apelin-13 (2 μg). And tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) blocker K252a (200 nM) was administrated 10 min before apelin injection. Furthermore, cognitive performance was assessed by new object recognition (NOR) and Y-maze tests. Protein expression of apelin, APJ, microglial marker (IBA1), astroglia marker (GFAP), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), synaptophysin (SYP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), TrkB, phospho-TrkB (p-TrkB) in the hippocampus were examined by western blotting or immunohistochemistry. And the gene expression of IBA1, GFAP, IL-1β, TNF-α, and SYP were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Inflammatory disorder in the hippocampus was tested by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to study the expression level of acetylcholine. And the activity of acetylcholinesterase was detected by Acetylcholinesterase Assay Kit. We observed that apelin/APJ signaling was downregulated in the hippocampus of rats administrated with STZ. Apelin-13 was found to significantly ameliorate STZ-induced AD-like phenotypes including congnitive deficit, cholinergic disfunction and the damage of neuron and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, apelin-13 inhibited microglia and astrocyte activation, reduced IL-1β and TNF-α expression and hippocampal BDNF/TrkB expression deficit in AD rats. Finally, apelin-13-mediated effects were blocked by TrkB receptor antagonist K252a. These results suggest that apelin-13 upregulates BDNF/TrkB pathway against cognitive deficit in a STZ-induced rat model of sporadic AD by attenuating inflammation.
By the combination of solvent-free aldol condensation and one-step hydrodeoxygenation under mild reaction conditions, a high-density (0.866 g mL(-1)) bicyclic C10 hydrocarbon was synthesized in high ...overall yield (up to 80%) using cyclopentanone derived from lignocellulose.
For the first time, gasoline and jet fuel range C
7
-C
8
cycloalkanes and aromatics were selectively synthesized by the alcoholysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste, followed by ...solvent-free hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). It was found that methanol is highly reactive for the alcoholysis of PET waste. In the absence of any catalyst, a high yield of dimethyl terephthalate (97.3%) was achieved under mild conditions (473 K, 3.5 h). Dimethyl terephthalate exists as a solid and can be automatically separated from methanol with a decrease in temperature. Subsequently, dimethyl terephthalate was liquefied to dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate by hydrogenation over noble metal catalysts. Among the investigated catalysts, Pt/C exhibited the highest activity. Finally, the dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate as obtained was further hydrodeoxygenated to C
7
-C
8
cycloalkanes and aromatics that can be used as gasoline or additives to improve the densities (or volumetric heat value) and sealabilities of current bio-jet fuels. Bimetallic Ru-Cu/SiO
2
was found to be a promising HDO catalyst. According to the characterization results, the excellent HDO performance of Ru-Cu/SiO
2
can be explained by the formation of smaller Ru-Cu alloy particles during the catalyst preparation. In real applications, dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate can also be simultaneously hydrodeoxygenated with biomass derived oxygenates to produce jet fuel with a suitable content of cycloalkanes and aromatics.
Gasoline and jet fuel range C
7
-C
8
cycloalkanes and aromatics were synthesized for the first time in high overall yield (∼95%) from poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste.
The exploration of highly efficient processes to convert renewable biomass to fuels and value-added chemicals is stimulated by the energy and environment problems. Herein, we describe an innovative ...route for the production of methylcyclopentadiene (MCPD) with cellulose, involving the transformation of cellulose into 3-methylcyclopent-2-enone (MCP) and subsequent selective hydrodeoxygenation to MCPD over a zinc-molybdenum oxide catalyst. The excellent performance of the zinc-molybdenum oxide catalyst is attributed to the formation of ZnMoO
species during the reduction of ZnMoO
. Experiments reveal that preferential interaction of ZnMoO
sites with the C=O bond instead of C=C bond in vapor-phase hydrodeoxygenation of MCP leads to highly selective formations of MCPD (with a carbon yield of 70%).
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