The NAC transcription factor (TF) family is one of the largest plant-specific TF families and its members are involved in the regulation of many vital biological processes during plant growth and ...development. Recent studies have found that NAC TFs play important roles during the ripening of fleshy fruits and the development of quality attributes. This review focuses on the advances in our understanding of the function of NAC TFs in different fruits and their involvement in the biosynthesis and signal transduction of plant hormones, fruit textural changes, color transformation, accumulation of flavor compounds, seed development and fruit senescence. We discuss the theoretical basis and potential regulatory models for NAC TFs action and provide a comprehensive view of their multiple roles in modulating different aspects of fruit ripening and quality.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Nocturnal enuresis (NE) has a negative impact on children's health and imposes a long-term burden on families. With economic development and cultural improvements, parents and medical professionals ...pay more attention to NE. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of NE among children ages 5-12 years in Xi'an, China.
A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional study of NE in 10 kindergartens and 20 primary schools in Xi'an. We used univariate analysis to compare the prevalences of characteristics such as gender, duration of disposable diaper (DD) use, toilet training onset time, daily living habits, academic performance, and family history of NE. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratio and to determine risk factors of NE.
The study included 6568 children ages 5-12 years, of which 262 (3.99%) had NE. The prevalence rates of NE decreased with age, with the highest prevalence at age 5 (9.09% for boys; 6.03% for girls). However, the prevalence increased with duration of DD use. Children experienced more NE if they never accepted toilet training (7.83%) or if they drank sugary beverages during the day (5.36%). Sleep disorders, sweets intake, drinking low amounts of plain water during the day, and family history of NE, were statistically associated with NE.
NE was closely associated with a family history of NE, being male, long-term use of DD, delayed toilet training, drinking sugary beverages and/or consuming little plain water, and sleep disorders. A supportive parental attitude towards NE and timely medical treatment can improve the quality of life of enuretic children.
This paper investigates the global Mittag-Leffler synchronization (GMLS) issue for fractional-order delayed quaternion-valued neural networks, which include leakage delays and transmission delays. ...First, a new lemma is established to estimate the Caputo fractional derivative for quaternion self-conjugate quadratic Lyapunov function, and a novel quaternion-valued linear feedback controller is designed. Then by utilizing quaternion matrix theory and our proposed lemma, some succinct GMLS criteria are derived respectively in quaternion-valued linear matrix inequality (LMI) form and complex-valued LMI form, which simplify and extend some previous work on the synchronization control for quaternion-value neural networks. Finally, a numerical example is given to validate our theoretical results.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Heritable epigenetic modifications may occur in response to environmental variation, further altering phenotypes through gene regulation, without genome sequence changes. However, epigenetic ...variation in wild plant populations and their correlations with genetic and phenotypic variation remain largely unknown, especially for clonal plants. We investigated genetic, epigenetic and phenotypic variation of ten populations of an introduced clonal herb Hydrocotyle vulgaris in China. Populations of H. vulgaris exhibited extremely low genetic diversity with one genotype exclusively dominant, but significantly higher epigenetic diversity. Both intra- and inter-population epigenetic variation were related to genetic variation. But there was no correlation between intra-/inter-population genetic variation and phenotypic variation. When genetic variation was controlled, intra-population epigenetic diversity was related to petiole length, specific leaf area, and leaf area variation, while inter-population epigenetic distance was correlated with leaf area differentiation. Our study provides empirical evidence that even though epigenetic variation is partly under genetic control, it could also independently play a role in shaping plant phenotypes, possibly serving as a pathway to accelerate evolution of clonal plant populations.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Since the age of the Internet was coming, the smart teaching tool Rain Classroom provides new research ideas and directions for education reform. In this paper, the researchers analyzed the ...characteristics of Rain Classroom, studied the problems in flipped classroom teaching, designed a new flipped classroom teaching mode based on Rain Classroom, and practiced the new mode in a course on computer‐aided landscape design. Significant academic differences were shown according to questionnaire surveys of students who experienced Rain Classroom learning compared with a control group learning through traditional lecture‐based learning methods. Results suggest that a comparable group of graduate students who participated in the flipped class based on Rain Classroom scored significantly higher (p = .041 < .05) on the “computer‐aided landscape design” by an average of >3 percentage points than that of the control group. According to survey data, students learned more from the Rain Class than from a traditional lecture format, and the class also promoted teamwork skills. Our results show learning in the Rain Classroom can improve the students' learning interest, stimulate students' learning initiative, and promote better learning.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
More than 210,000 medical workers have fought against the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei in China since December 2019. However, the prevalence of mental health problems in ...frontline medical staff after fighting COVID-19 is still unknown.
Medical workers in Wuhan and other cities in Hubei Province were invited to participate a cross-sectional and convenience sampling online survey, which assessed the prevalence of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
A total of 1,091 responses (33% male and 67% female) were valid for statistical analysis. The prevalence was anxiety 53%, insomnia 79%, depression 56%, and PTSD 11%. Healthcare workers in Wuhan were more likely to face risks of anxiety (56% vs. 52%, P = 0.03) and PTSD (15% vs. 9%, P = 0.03) than those in other cities of Hubei. In terms of educational attainment, those with doctoral and masters' (D/M) degrees may experience more anxiety (median of 7.0, interquartile range (IQR) 2.0-8.5 vs. median 5.0 IQR 5.0-8.0, P = 0.02) and PTSD (median 26.0 IQR 19.5-33.0 vs. median 23.0 IQR 19.0-31.0, P = 0.04) than those with lower educational degrees.
The mental problems were an important issue for the healthcare workers after COVID-19. Thus, an early intervention on such mental problems is necessary for healthcare workers.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Less noble: The Co0.30Au0.35Pd0.35 nanoalloy supported on carbon is reported as a stable, low‐cost, and highly efficient catalyst for the CO‐free hydrogen generation from formic acid dehydrogenation ...at room temperature (see picture). The method may strongly encourage the practical application of formic acid as a hydrogen storage material for fuel cells.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The safe and efficient storage and release of hydrogen are widely recognized as the main challenges for the establishment of a fuel‐cell‐based hydrogen economy. Formic acid (FA) has great potential ...as a safe and convenient source of hydrogen for fuel cells. Despite tremendous efforts, the development of heterogeneous catalysts with high activity and relatively low cost remains a major challenge. The synthesis of AuPd–MnOx nanocomposite immobilized on ZIF‐8–reduced‐graphene‐oxide (ZIF‐8–rGO) bi‐support by a wet‐chemical method is reported here. Interestingly, the resultant AuPd–MnOx/ZIF‐8–rGO shows excellent catalytic activity for the generation of hydrogen from FA, and the initial turnover frequency (TOF) reaches a highest value of 382.1 mol H2 mol catalyst−1 h−1 without any additive at 298 K. This good performance of AuPd–MnOx/ZIF‐8–rGO results from the modified electronic structure of Pd in the AuPd–MnOx/ZIF‐8–rGO composite, the small size and high dispersion of the AuPd–MnOx nanocomposite, and also the strong metal‐support interaction between the AuPd–MnOx and ZIF‐8–rGO bi‐support.
AuPd–MnOx/ZIF‐8–rGO composites are synthesized using a facile wet‐chemical method and show good catalytic performance for formic acid dehydrogenation at room temperature. The excellent catalytic performance can be attributed to the electronically enriched Pd surface, the strong metal–support interaction, as well as the ultrafine and high distribution of the AuPd–MnOx nanocomposite on the unique ZIF‐8–rGO bi‐supportZIF‐8–rGO.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this paper, a fractional-order predator-prey model incorporating a prey refuge is proposed. We first prove the existence, uniqueness, non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions for the ...considered model. Moreover, we also analyze the existence of various equilibrium points, and some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the global asymptotic stability of the predator-extinction equilibrium point and coexistence equilibrium point. Finally, some numerical simulations are carried out for illustrating the analytic results.
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