This paper presents a feature selection method for Internet of Things (IoT) information processing, called MIMIC_FS. The maximal information coefficient (MIC), which can capture a wide range of ...correlations of variables, including linear, nonlinear, and nonfunctional correlations, is introduced to measure the relevance and redundancy between features and class labels. Based on this measure, the MIC-relevance-average-MIC-redundancy criterion is presented to evaluate the goodness of features, and an approximate-Markov-blanket search strategy is then proposed to improve the efficiency of feature selection. To validate the present study, MIC is also applied to feature selection directly by using the feature-ranking strategy. Experiments on six ASU datasets for IoT applications were conducted. The results show that the proposed method achieves better performance than the comparison methods, markedly reducing feature dimensionality in order to process the tremendous quantities of data in IoT.
•MIMIC is proposed based on MIC, which makes use of more correlations.•In order to speed up the process of feature selection, the MIC-AMB algorithm is proposed to find potentially redundant features. By coupling with the MIMIC criterion and the MIC-AMB algorithm, MIMIC_FS feature selection method is presented.•A comprehensive evaluation of the proposed method is presented on the IoT datasets.•The proposed method reduces the dimensionality and computational complexity in processing big data in IoT application.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Kyanite, an aluminous phase common in high- to medium-pressure metapelitic rocks, is critical in revealing complex tectonometamorphic histories of orogenic belts. So far it has not been documented in ...the well-established low-temperature – ultrahigh-pressure (LT-UHP) metamorphic belt of Chinese southwestern Tianshan. By detailed petrographic investigations, kyanite is recognized as minute inclusions or porphyroblasts in two different types of metasedimentary rocks. In omphacite-garnet phengite schists of the Habutengsu area, kyanite only forms needles associated with acicular phengite and lawsonite (pseudomorphed by paragonite and clinozoisite), and coesite (or its pseudomorph) in the extremely low-Ca core domain of well-zoned garnet. The acicular inclusion assemblage in garnet cores probably witnessed large overstepping of peak-stage reactions in metapelitic rocks in a cold subduction zone. The absence of matrix kyanite in this rock type may be ascribed to elevated Na and Ca activities during the growth of high-Ca garnet rim. This is supported by the common presence of sodic and calcic phases (e.g., paragonite and omphacite) in the matrix or the garnet rim domain, with absence in garnet core. In a suite of calcschists of the Muzhaerte area, kyanite occurs as a matrix and/or inclusion phase. In relatively fresh, less foliated chloritoid-ankerite calcschists, kyanite is a major matrix phase with coesite inclusions and locally surrounded by prophyroblasts or fine-grained aggregates of both paragonite and phengite. In altered chlorite-white mica calcschists, kyanite is rarely embedded in white mica aggregates but commonly enclosed in Fe-rich chloritoid porphyroblasts. The mantling of ankerite by acicular to prismatic Fe-rich chloritoid suggests locally increased Fe2+ activity and Al transport by fluids along grain boundaries. The common white mica corona around kyanite in the calcschists suggests elevated Na and/or K activities postdating kyanite formation. Outcrop-scale variations of kyanite textures and whole-rock alkali element contents support the infiltration of Na- and/or K-bearing fluids, probably a dominant mechanism responsible for the lack of kyanite in the Tianshan UHP metasedimentary rocks. P-T estimates suggest the kyanite corrosion took place at 15–21 kbar and 530–610 °C, corresponding to the early exhumation stage. This study suggests that kyanite may be a major peak phase of the Tianshan UHP metasedimentary rocks, and the complete understanding of its prograde evolution is a prerequisite to unravel the fate of subducted sediments and their chemical geodynamics in cold subduction zones.
•Kyanite is revealed for the first time from the UHP belt of Chinese SW Tianshan.•Kyanite and the coesite inclusions suggests their UHP experience as a rigid pressure vessel.•The rarity of kyanite in Tianshan UHP belt is probably due to the infiltration of aqueous fluids.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Liver fibrosis is a very common condition seen in millions of patients with various liver diseases, and yet no effective treatments are available owing to poorly characterized molecular pathogenesis. ...Here, we show that leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is a functional ligand of Tie1, a poorly characterized endothelial cell (EC)-specific orphan receptor. Upon binding to Tie1, LECT2 interrupts Tie1/Tie2 heterodimerization, facilitates Tie2/Tie2 homodimerization, activates PPAR signaling, and inhibits the migration and tube formations of EC. In vivo studies showed that LECT2 overexpression inhibits portal angiogenesis, promotes sinusoid capillarization, and worsens fibrosis, whereas these changes were reversed in Lect2-KO mice. Adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9 (AAV9)-LECT2 small hairpin RNA (shRNA) treatment significantly attenuates fibrosis. Upregulation of LECT2 is associated with advanced human liver fibrosis staging. We concluded that targeting LECT2/Tie1 signaling may represent a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis, and serum LECT2 level may be a potential biomarker for the screening and diagnosis of liver fibrosis.
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•LECT2 is a functional ligand of EC-specific orphan receptor Tie1•LECT2-Tie1 inhibits portal angiogenesis and promotes sinusoid capillarization•LECT2-Tie1 promotes liver fibrogenesis•Divergent roles of portal angiogenesis and sinusoid capillarization in liver fibrosis
Produced by hepatocytes in response to liver damage, LECT2 signals through orphan receptor Tie1 on endothelial cells to activate Tie2 signaling in endothelial cells and promote fibrosis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
One of the rising demands in the field of protein chemical synthesis is the development of facile strategies that yield the protein in workable quantities and homogeneity, with fewer handling steps. ...Although the native chemical ligation of peptide hydrazides has recently been shown to be useful for the chemical synthesis of proteins carrying acid-sensitive modification groups, previous hydrazide-based protein synthesis studies have used sequential ligation strategies. Here, we report a practical method for a "one-pot" native chemical ligation of peptide hydrazides that would circumvent the need for the isolation of the intermediate products. This method employed a fast and selective arylboronate oxidation reaction mediated by H2O2, which draws attention to the potential applications of the thus far under-exploited boron-based functionalities in protein chemical synthesis. To demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of the new one-pot method, we report its application to a scalable total synthesis of modified histones (with five analogues of H3 and H4 as examples) on a multi-milligram scale, with good homogeneity.
Abstract
DNA in nucleosomes has restricted nucleosome dynamics and is refractory to DNA-templated processes. Histone post-translational modifications play important roles in regulating DNA ...accessibility in nucleosomes. Whereas most histone modifications function either by mitigating the electrostatic shielding of histone tails or by recruiting 'reader' proteins, we show that ubiquitylation of H2B K34, which is located in a tight space protected by two coils of DNA superhelix, is able to directly influence the canonical nucleosome conformation via steric hindrances by ubiquitin groups. H2B K34 ubiquitylation significantly enhances nucleosome dynamics and promotes generation of hexasomes both with symmetrically or asymmetrically modified nucleosomes. Our results indicate a direct mechanism by which a histone modification regulates the chromatin structural states.
Non-volatile memory (NVM) will play a very important role in the next-generation digital technologies, including the Internet of things. The metal-oxide memristors, especially based on HfO
2
, have ...been favored by lots of researchers because of its simple structure, high integration, fast operation speed, low power consumption, and high compatibility with advanced (complementary metal oxide silicon) CMOS technologies. In this paper, a 20-level stable resistance states Al-doped HfO
2
-based memristor is presented. Its cycles endurance, data retention time, and resistance ratio are larger than 10
3
, > 10
4
s, and > 10, respectively.
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are increasingly harmful to the cyberspace nowadays. The attackers can now easily launch a bigger and more challenging DDoS attack both towards and with ...Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, due to the fast popularization of them. Because of the characteristic of fast overwhelming, it is important to make fast as well as accurate response to DDoS attacks, and the real-time performance can be even more important to prevent and legitimate the attacks. Among the methods proposed by researchers, the entropy-based detection method provides a sensitive and reliable performance. However, the balance between computational complexity and recognition accuracy remains a challenge. In this paper, we propose a detection method that consists of 3 main parts in different aspects: a sliding time window to fasten the entropy calculation, a single-directional filter to realize early detection during the DDoS progress but not after the crash, and a quintile deviation check algorithm to optimize the detection result. These will eventually lead to a real-time and high-efficient performance to recognize IoT DDoS attacks as soon as possible.
Carbapenem-resistant
(CRKP) have been extensively disseminated worldwide, resulting in increased mortality. We performed a retrospective analysis of the epidemiology and risk factors for the outcome ...of CRKP infection in a general teaching hospital in China.
A molecular and clinical study was conducted for 98 CRKP in a tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2016. Carbapenemase gene detection, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were performed. Logistic regression was also used to identify the risk factors associated with 30-day mortality.
The production of KPC carbapenemase was the main resistant mechanism, and KPC carbapenemase increased annually with a significant difference. However, the molecular outcome revealed the dominance and diversity in CRKP with 24 sequence types (STs) and 59 PFGE types (PTs). The ST11 CRKP strains, which showed a significant increasing trend year by year, were documented as predominant in our study. Additionally, the predominant ST11 CRKP corresponding to PT10 and PT15 continued to exhibit their characteristic patterns. Importantly, the newly identified PT09 and PT16 strains, corresponding to the ST11 lineage, were only discovered in 2016. Meanwhile, factors affecting 30-day mortality and ST11 proportionality with CRKP infection were assessed, and ST11, appropriate empirical treatment, and hospital stays were found to be independently associated with 30-day mortality.
The ST11 CRKP strains played a dominant role in the process; however, the homology of these strains was polymorphic, and the advantage clusters were subject to changes through evolution. Furthermore, in addition to appropriate empirical treatment and hospital stays, ST11 CRKP was independently associated with 30-day mortality. To the best of our knowledge, this association was reported for the first time.
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•The effect of edge modification on the thermal transport of phagraphene nanoribbon are studied.•B/N modification can significantly increase the thermal conductivity of PHAGNRs.•This ...trend is due the fact that chemical modification can weaken the bond anharmonicity.•Thermal conductivity responds differently to strain.•The thermal conductivity of B/N modified graphene exhibits non-monotonic behavior under strain.
Phagraphene was recently identified as a low-energy two-dimensional (2D) material with distorted Dirac cones that has received increasing attention. We used molecular dynamics simulations to study the effects of modifying the edges with B and N atoms on the thermal conductivity of phagraphene. Our simulation results showed that compared with bare nanoribbons, those with modified edges have higher thermal conductivity, and the improvement in the thermal conductivity by adding nitride is more obvious. This is due to the addition of fringe atoms that weaken the bond anharmonicity, which reduces edge phonon scattering. Interestingly, under tensile strain, the thermal conductivity of bare phagraphene and edge modified nanoribbons shows different trends. In bare nanoribbons, the thermal conductivity gradually decreases with increasing strain, whereas for edge modified nanoribbons, as the strain increases, the thermal conductivity first increases and then decreases. Our research provides important value for the effects of edge modifications and tensile strain on the thermal transport of this new 2D material.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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