Objective. To study the first aid and nursing methods of patients with coal gas poisoning and explore the nursing effect. Method. The clinical data of 50 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning ...admitted to the emergency department of our hospital from February 2011 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with severe toxic pulmonary edema were selected as the sample population, and all patients were equally divided by drawing lots. The two groups were divided into the study group and control group. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing intervention, while the patients in the study group were given routine nursing intervention. After the timely treatment of doctors in our hospital and the careful nursing of nursing staff, 45 patients in 50 patients were cured and discharged; 3 patients died of asphyxia due to long poisoning time. Two patients died of severe complications. Result. The total effective rate and oxygenation index of the study group were significantly different from those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion. In the clinical nursing work of patients with severe carbon monoxide toxic pulmonary edema, the nursing effect of emergency cluster therapy is ideal. Patients with carbon monoxide poisoning have obvious age, gender, poisoning causes, and seasonal characteristics. It is an important means to carry out targeted publicity and education in daily life and take effective preventive measures to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. Once poisoning occurs, timely treatment should be carried out, and careful nursing should be provided to help patients get rid of the danger.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Resonant dielectric metasurfaces have been demonstrated to hold a great promise for manipulation of light-wave dispersion at the nanoscale due to their resonant photonic environment and high ...refractive index. However, the efficiency of devices based on dielectric nanostructures is usually limited by the quality (
Q
) factor of their resonant modes. The physics of the bound sates in the continuum (BICs) provide an elegant solution for control over the
Q
factor of resonant modes. Here, by engineering the substrate of Si-based metasurfaces, we demonstrate two eigenmodes that exhibit an intrinsic magnetic dipole (MD)character and have an infinite radiation lifetime. We reveal that they are characterized by in-plane and out-of-plane MD modes and respectively correspond to two groups of BICs, that is, Fabry–Pérot BICs and symmetry-protected BICs. Using temporal coupled-mode theory and numerical simulations, we show that these BIC modes can transform into high-
Q
quasi-BIC resonances with near-unity absorption under normal incidence through tuning structural parameters. Our work provides a promising route to use BIC-inspired metasurfaces for designing ultra-narrowband absorbers which can be used as absorption filters, photodetectors, and sensors.
Glycerolipids are the principal constituent of cellular membranes; remodelling of glycerolipids plays important roles in temperature adaptation in plants. Temperate plants can endure freezing stress, ...but even chilling at above-zero temperatures can induce death in tropical species. However, little is known about the differences in glycerolipid response to low temperatures between chilling-sensitive and freezing-tolerant plants. Using ESI-MS/MS-based lipidomic analysis, we compared the glycerolipidome of chilling (4 and 10 °C)-treated rice with that of freezing (-6 and -12 °C)-treated Arabidopsis, both immediately after these low-temperature treatments and after a subsequent recovery culture period.
Arabidopsis is a 16:3 plant that harbours both eukaryotic and prokaryotic-type lipid synthesis pathways, while rice is an 18:3 plant that harbours only the eukaryotic lipid synthesis pathway. Arabidopsis contains higher levels of galactolipids than rice and has a higher double bond index (DBI). Arabidopsis contains lower levels of high melting point phosphatidylglycerol (PG) molecules and has a lower average acyl chain length (ACL). Marked phospholipid degradation occurred during the recovery culture period of non-lethal chilling treated rice, but did not occur in non-lethal freezing treated Arabidopsis. Glycerolipids with larger head groups were synthesized more in Arabidopsis than in rice at sub-lethal low-temperatures. Levels of phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) rose in both plants after low-temperature treatment. The DBI and ACL of total lipids did not change during low-temperature treatment.
A higher DBI and a lower ACL could make the membranes of Arabidopsis more fluid at low temperatures. The ability to synthesize glycerolipids containing a larger head group may correlate with low-temperature tolerance. The low-temperature-induced increase of PA may play a dual role in plant responses to low temperatures: as a lipid signal that initiates tolerance responses, and as a structural molecule that, on extensive in large accumulation, could damage the integrity of membranes. Changes in ACL and DBI are responses of plants to long-term low temperature.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Capacitive deionization (CDI) represents an alternative process to remove the ions from the brackish water. In this study two series of ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) that demonstrated the ...potential use for capacitive desalination have been synthesized by a modified sol–gel process involving nickel salts. It was shown that the preferred formation of crown-ether type complexes between nickel ions and triblock copolymers resulted in higher BET surface area and smaller mesopores. As the electrode materials for CDI, OMC obtained by the addition of NiSO
4
·
6H
2O exhibited best electrochemical performance compared with other OMCs and a commercial activated carbon either in 0.1
M NaCl solution or in 0.0008
M NaCl solution, plus the amount of adsorbed ions measured by a flow through apparatus reached 15.9
μmol
g
−1 and the ions could be fully released into the solution. The excellent electrosorption desalination performance of OMC obtained by the addition of NiSO
4
·
6H
2O was ascribed to its high BET surface area of 1491
m
2
g
−1 and ordered mesopores of 3.7
nm. Based on these results, it is deduced that the modified sol–gel process might be a potential method of obtaining the excellent electrode materials for CDI.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Abstract
Self-coupled photonic resonators made of exciton materials have recently provoked great interest in the context of light–matter interactions due to their ability to produce large normal mode ...splittings. In order to obtain giant Rabi energy, it is rather necessary to ensure large electromagnetic fields within exciton materials. Here, using two independent numerical algorithms, namely, the finite-element method and the rigorous coupled wave analysis, we demonstrate that, even with a moderate oscillation strength, giant Rabi splittings in excess of 250 meV can be achieved in subwavelength perovskite-based photonic crystals. This can be attributed to the fact that quasi-guided resonance modes supported by photonic systems are strongly confined inside the exciton material, highly conducing to increasing the volume of light–matter interaction. We reveal how the oscillator strength of excitons and the thickness of perovskite photonic crystals influence photon–exciton couplings. Moreover, the perovskite nanostructures investigated allow us to engineer polaritonic dispersions with linear or slow-light characters. These findings show that perovskite-based photonic crystals could be an appealing and promising platform in realizing polaritonic devices.
The topoisomerase enzymes play an important role in DNA metabolism, and searching for enzyme inhibitors is an important target in the search for new anticancer drugs. Discovery of new anticancer ...chemotherapeutical capable of inhibiting topoisomerase enzymes is highlighted in anticancer research. Therefore, biologists, organic chemists and medicinal chemists all around the world have been identifying, designing, synthesizing and evaluating a variety of novel bioactive molecules targeting topoisomerase. This review summarizes types of topoisomerase inhibitors in the past decade, and divides them into nine classes by structural characteristics, including N-heterocycles compounds, quinone derivatives, flavonoids derivatives, coumarin derivatives, lignan derivatives, polyphenol derivatives, diterpenes derivatives, fatty acids derivatives, and metal complexes. Then we discussed the application prospect and development of these anticancer compounds, as well as concluded parts of their structural-activity relationships. We believe this review would be invaluable in helping to further search potential topoisomerase inhibition as antitumor agent in clinical usage.
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•Topoisomerase inhibitors were primarily classified into nine structural classes.•Some exhibited exciting biological results better than the first line treatments.•Topo IIα inhibitors are more favorable than topo IIβ, but still with toxic to normal cells.•The mechanism of action needs further research.•The selectivity on the target and the in vivo tests should be focused on.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Gambogic acid (GA), a natural product with a xanthone structure, was previously demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity ...of GA on LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 and its anti-inflammatory mechanism. Pretreatment with GA inhibited LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) through reducing the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). GA also decreased the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. The activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the Mitogen activated phosphokinases (MAPKs) regulates pro-inflammatory factors. Further experiments demonstrated that the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, a promoting regulator in inflammation, was blocked via inhibiting the phosphorylation event of IκBα by GA. Meanwhile, the Mitogen activated phosphokinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were also suppressed. However, activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) can inhibit inflammation. GA could activate the nucleus translocation of Nrf2 and up-regulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Taken together, GA exhibited its anti-inflammatory activities through Nrf2 activation and NF-κB depression, thus could be a candidate for the prevention and treatment of diseases that involve excessive inflammation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Rapeseed (
L., AACC, 2n = 38) is one of the most important oil crops around the world. With intensified rapeseed cultivation, the incidence and severity of clubroot infected by
Wor. (
) has increased ...very fast, which seriously impedes the development of rapeseed industry. Therefore, it is very important and timely to investigate the mechanisms and genes regulating clubroot resistance (CR) in rapeseed. In this study, comparative transcriptome analysis was carried out on two rapeseed accessions of R- (resistant) and S- (susceptible) line. Three thousand one hundred seventy-one and 714 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the R- and S-line compared with the control groups, respectively. The results indicated that the CR difference between the R- and S-line had already shown during the early stage of
infection and the change of gene expression pattern of R-line exhibited a more intense defensive response than that of S-line. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of 2,163 relative-DEGs, identified between the R- and S-line, revealed that genes participated in plant hormone signal transduction, fatty acid metabolism, and glucosinolate biosynthesis were involved in regulation of CR. Further, 12 hub genes were identified from all relative-DEGs with the help of weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Haplotype analysis indicated that the natural variations in the coding regions of some hub genes also made contributed to CR. This study not only provides valuable information for CR molecular mechanisms, but also has applied implications for CR breeding in rapeseed.
Electrosorptive deionisation is an alternative process to remove salt ions from the brackish water. The porous carbon materials are used as electrodes. When charged in low voltage electric fields, ...they possess a highly charged surface that induces adsorption of salt ions on the surface. This process is reversible, so the adsorbed salt ions can be desorbed and the electrode can be reused. In the study, an ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) electrode was developed for electrosorptive desalination. The effects of pore arrangement pattern (ordered and random) and pore size distribution (mesopores and micropores) on the desalination performance was investigated by comparing OMC and activated carbon (AC). It were revealed from X-ray diffraction and N
2 sorption measurements that AC has both micropores and mesopores, whereas ordered mesopores are dominant in OMC. Their performance as potential electrodes to remove salt was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests at a range of electrolyte concentrations and sweep rates. It is deduced that under the same electrochemical condition the specific capacitance values of OMC electrode (i.e. 133
F/g obtained from CV at a sweep rate of 1
mV/s in 0.1
M NaCl solution) are larger than those of AC electrode (107
F/g), suggesting that the former has a higher desalting capacity than the latter. Furthermore, the OMC electrode shows a better rate capacity than the AC electrode. In addition, the desalination capacities were quantified by the batch-mode experiment at low voltage of 1.2
V in 25
ppm NaCl solution (50
μs/cm conductivity). It was found that the adsorbed ion amounts of OMC and AC electrodes were 11.6 and 4.3
μmol/g, respectively. The excellent electrosorptive desalination performance of OMC electrode might be not only due to the suitable pore size (average of 3.3
nm) for the propagation of the salt ions, but also due to the ordered mesoporous structure that facilitates desorption of the salt. Based on the results, it was found that the development of an ordered mesoporous structure and the control of the number of micropores are two important strategies for optimising electrode material properties for electrosorptive deionisation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Circadian clock plays a principal role in orchestrating our daily physiology and metabolism, and their perturbation can evoke metabolic diseases such as fatty liver and insulin resistance. Nobiletin ...(NOB) has been demonstrated to possess antitumor and neuroprotective activities. The objective of the current study is to determine potential effects of NOB on modulating the core clock gene Bmal1 regarding ameliorating glucolipid metabolic disorders.
Our results revealed that NOB partially reverse the relatively shallow daily oscillations of circadian clock genes and reset phase-shifting circadian rhythms in primary hepatocytes under metabolic disorders conditions. Importantly, NOB was found to be effective at amplifying glucose uptake via stimulating IRS-1/AKT signaling pathway, as well as blunting palmitate-induced lipogenesis in HepG2 cells via modulating AMPK-Sirt1 signaling pathway and key enzymes of de novo lipogenesis in a Bmal1-dependent manner. NOB attenuated palmitate-stimulated excessive secretions of ROS, restored the depletions of mitochondrial membrane potential, which is similar to the recovery in expressions of mitochondrial respiration complex I-IV.
This study is the first to provide compelling evidences that NOB prevent cellular glucolipid metabolic imbalance and mitochondrial function in a Bmal1-dependent manner. Overall, NOB may serve as a nutritional preventive strategy in recovering metabolic disorders relevant to circadian clock.
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•Nobiletin, as Bmal1-enhancing natural compounds, reverse the relatively shallow daily oscillations of circadian clock genes in primary hepatocytes metabolic disorders conditions.•Nobiletin amplify glucose uptake via stimulating IRS-1/AKT signaling pathway in Bmal1-dependent efficiency.•Bmal1 involved in nobiletin-stimulated AMPK-Sirt1 signaling pathway and expressions of key enzymes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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