Traffic state classification and relevance calculation at intersections are both difficult problems in traffic control. In this paper, we propose an intersection relevance model based on a temporal ...graph attention network, which can solve the above two problems at the same time. First, the intersection features and interaction time of the intersections are regarded as input quantities together with the initial labels of the traffic data. Then, they are inputted into the temporal graph attention (TGAT) model to obtain the classification accuracy of the target intersections in four states-free, stable, slow moving, and congested-and the obtained neighbouring intersection weights are used as the correlation between the intersections. Finally, it is validated by VISSIM simulation experiments. In terms of classification accuracy, the TGAT model has a higher classification accuracy than the three traditional classification models and can cope well with the uneven distribution of the number of samples. The information gain algorithm from the information entropy theory was used to derive the average delay as the most influential factor on intersection status. The correlation from the TGAT model positively correlates with traffic flow, making it interpretable. Using this correlation to control the division of subareas improves the road network's operational efficiency more than the traditional correlation model does. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the TGAT model's correlation.
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Brain-computer interface (BCI) for robotic arm control has been studied to improve the life quality of people with severe motor disabilities. There are still challenges for robotic arm control in ...accomplishing a complex task with a series of actions. An efficient switch and a timely cancel command are helpful in the application of robotic arm. Based on the above, we proposed an asynchronous hybrid BCI in this study. The basic control of a robotic arm with six degrees of freedom was a steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) based BCI with fifteen target classes. We designed an EOG-based switch which used a triple blink to either activate or deactivate the flash of SSVEP-based BCI. Stopping flash in the idle state can help to reduce visual fatigue and false activation rate (FAR). Additionally, users were allowed to cancel the current command simply by a wink in the feedback phase to avoid executing the incorrect command. Fifteen subjects participated and completed the experiments. The cue-based experiment obtained an average accuracy of 92.09%, and the information transfer rates (ITR) resulted in 35.98 bits/min. The mean FAR of the switch was 0.01/min. Furthermore, all subjects succeeded in asynchronously operating the robotic arm to grasp, lift, and move a target object from the initial position to a specific location. The results indicated the feasibility of the combination of EOG and SSVEP signals and the flexibility of EOG signal in BCI to complete a complicated task of robotic arm control.
Serotonin neurons of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei (DR, MR) collectively innervate the entire forebrain and midbrain, modulating diverse physiology and behavior. To gain a fundamental ...understanding of their molecular heterogeneity, we used plate-based single-cell RNA-sequencing to generate a comprehensive dataset comprising eleven transcriptomically distinct serotonin neuron clusters. Systematic in situ hybridization mapped specific clusters to the principal DR, caudal DR, or MR. These transcriptomic clusters differentially express a rich repertoire of neuropeptides, receptors, ion channels, and transcription factors. We generated novel intersectional viral-genetic tools to access specific subpopulations. Whole-brain axonal projection mapping revealed that DR serotonin neurons co-expressing vesicular glutamate transporter-3 preferentially innervate the cortex, whereas those co-expressing thyrotropin-releasing hormone innervate subcortical regions in particular the hypothalamus. Reconstruction of 50 individual DR serotonin neurons revealed diverse and segregated axonal projection patterns at the single-cell level. Together, these results provide a molecular foundation of the heterogenous serotonin neuronal phenotypes.
•Combination of cascade organic Rankine cycle and two-tank storage is novel.•Technical challenges associated with wet steam turbines are overcome.•Stable power output is guaranteed over a wide range ...of solar radiation.•A cycle efficiency of 27.4% is achievable at a hot tank temperature of 250 °C.•The system is potentially more cost-effective than a conventional DSG plant.
Direct steam generation (DSG) solar power systems have the potential to improve heat collection performance and reduce capital cost. One challenge of the DSG solar thermal power technology is the unsteadiness of steam generation and power conversion under fluctuating solar radiation. A novel concentrated solar power generation system is proposed. It has three features: two-phase water/steam as heat transfer fluid, two-tank water storage, and cascade organic Rankine cycle (CORC) with a mixing chamber as power block. Steam is produced in the solar field and condensed in a high temperature tank, while an organic fluid replaces water for power conversion. The system enables smooth cycle operation by resilient control strategy and can tackle the challenge associated with wet steam turbines. It can tolerate lower purity of water/steam that only serves as the heat transfer fluid, thereby reducing the technical requirement. Thermodynamic performance in the normal operation condition and heat discharge process are assessed. The influences of ORC working fluid and storage tank size are examined. Results indicate that the mixing chamber temperature plays a crucial role in thermal efficiencies of both charge and discharge processes, storage capacity, and overall performance. A CORC efficiency of about 27.4% is achievable. The equivalent heat-to-power efficiency ranges from 13.35% to 18.81%, depending on the ORC fluid and volume of the storage tank. The novel system has an efficiency comparable to a conventional DSG system while a lower technical requirement in heat collection and power generation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer in intensively managed agriculture has resulted in abundant accumulation of nitrate in soil, which limits agriculture sustainability. How to reduce nitrate ...content is the key to alleviate secondary soil salinization. However, the microorganisms used in soil remediation cause some problems such as weak efficiency and short survival time. In this study, seaweed polysaccharides were used as stimulant to promote the rapid growth and safer nitrate removal of denitrifying bacteria. Firstly, the growth rate and NO3−-N removal capacity of three kinds of denitrifying bacteria, Bacillus subtilis (BS), Pseudomonas stutzeri (PS) and Pseudomonas putida (PP), were compared. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis (BS) had a faster growth rate and stronger nitrate removal ability. We then studied the effects of Enteromorpha linza polysaccharides (EP), carrageenan (CA), and sodium alginate (AL) on growth and denitrification performance of Bacillus subtilis (BS). The results showed that seaweed polysaccharides obviously promoted the growth of Bacillus subtilis (BS), and accelerated the reduction of NO3−-N. More importantly, the increased NH4+-N content could avoid excessive loss of nitrogen, and less NO2−-N accumulation could avoid toxic effects on plants. This new strategy of using denitrifying bacteria for safely remediating secondary soil salinization has a great significance.
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In underground mining, the dip angle is one of the widely recognized factors that cause the asymmetric deformation of the goaf/stope roof, but characterizing the degree of asymmetric roof deformation ...is still a challenge. The goal of this research is to try to solve this problem with a theoretical model and numerical method. In an inclined ore seam, the mining load produces both normal and tangential effects on the inclined roof. A theoretical model was developed employing thin plate theory for enabling describe the asymmetric deformation of the roof caused by inclination. The proposed model describes not only the bending deformation state of the roof but also the deformation characteristics. Subsequently, the law of asymmetric deformation of roofs with varying inclinations was presented by numerical method. Under the same conditions, the numerical results of the asymmetric deformation of the roof are consistent with the theoretical results. Finally, the degree of asymmetrical deformation was characterized and quantified by the distance between the maximum subsidence point and the center of the roof. There exist three modes of asymmetric deformation, which are controlled by both dip angle and in-situ stress ratio. The results show that the shear load caused by dip angle is the root cause of asymmetric deformation of the roof. This study provides a theoretical basis for the asymmetric deformation control of the inclined roof.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The study aims were to evaluate the species distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of Gram-negative pathogens isolated from specimens of intra-abdominal infections (IAI), urinary tract ...infections (UTI), respiratory tract infections (RTI), and blood stream infections (BSI) in emergency departments (EDs) in China.
From 2016 to 2019, 656 isolates were collected from 18 hospitals across China. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by CLSI broth microdilution and interpreted according to CLSI M100 (2021) guidelines. In addition, organ-specific weighted incidence antibiograms (OSWIAs) were constructed.
Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) were the most common pathogens isolated from BSI, IAI and UTI, accounting for 80% of the Gram-negative clinical isolates, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was mainly isolated from RTI. E. coli showed < 10% resistance rates to amikacin, colistin, ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. K. pneumoniae exhibited low resistance rates only to colistin (6.4%) and amikacin (17.5%) with resistance rates of 25-29% to carbapenems. P. aeruginosa exhibited low resistance rates only to amikacin (13.4%), colistin (11.6%), and tobramycin (10.8%) with over 30% resistance to all traditional antipseudomonal antimicrobials including ceftazidime, cefepime, carbapenems and levofloxacin. OSWIAs were different at different infection sites. Among them, the susceptibility of RTI to conventional antibiotics was lower than for IAI, UTI or BSI.
Gram-negative bacteria collected from Chinese EDs exhibited high resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Susceptibilities were organ specific for different infection sites, knowledge which will be useful for guiding empirical therapies in the clinic.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The remaining useful life (RUL) prediction for hydrogen fuel cells is an important part of its prognostics and health management (PHM). Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are proven to be very ...effective in RUL prediction, as they do not need to understand the failure mechanisms behind hydrogen fuel cells. A novel RUL prediction method for hydrogen fuel cells based on the gated recurrent unit ANN is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the data were preprocessed to remove outliers and noises. Secondly, the performance of different neural networks is compared, including the back propagation neural network (BPNN), the long short-term memory (LSTM) network and the gated recurrent unit (GRU) network. According to our proposed method based on GRU, the root mean square error was 0.0026, the mean absolute percentage error was 0.0038 and the coefficient of determination was 0.9891 for the data from the challenge datasets provided by FCLAB Research Federation, when the prediction starting point was 650 h. Compared with the other RUL prediction methods based on the BPNN and the LSTM, our prediction method is better in both prediction accuracy and convergence rate.
Dodecylamine is one of the most commonly used amine collectors for the reverse flotation of magnesite ore. Through a combination of experimental research and computational simulation, the effect of ...n-octanol on the removal of impurities by the reverse flotation of magnesite ore was studied. The test results show that when the dosage of dodecylamine was 60 mg/L, the flotation rates of magnesite and dolomite were 59.53% and 58.02%, respectively, and the flotation rate of quartz was 97.60%. In the presence of n-octanol, the flotation rate of magnesite decreased to 56.41%, and the flotation rates of dolomite and quartz increased to 61.30% and 99.59%, respectively. The test results show that the addition of n-octanol can improve the selectivity of minerals under the same amount of collector. The adsorption of dodecylamine (dodecylamine and n-octanol) on the surface of magnesite, dolomite and quartz was simulated using quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and implemented in the CASTEP module of Materials Studio. The results show that dodecylamine can adsorb to magnesite, dolomite and quartz, and the adsorption effect was strongest on quartz. After adding n-octanol, the population value of the bond between the agent and magnesite decreased from 0.19 to 0.17, indicating that the adsorption effect of the agent on magnesite was weakened. The population value of the bond between the drug and dolomite increased from 0.19 to 0.23, indicating that the adsorption effect of the drug on dolomite was enhanced. H28, H29, and H2 in the drug form bonds with O12, O20, and O20 on the surface of quartz (101), respectively, and the population values were 0.43, 0.25, and 0.09, respectively. The adsorption sites of the drug and the quartz were increased, and the adsorption effect of the quartz was markedly improved. The test and simulation results show that the dosage of the agent can be reduced in the presence of n-octanol. N-octanol is not only beneficial to the removal of silicon by amine reverse flotation but also has a certain beneficial effect on the removal of calcium by reverse flotation.
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Chitooligosaccharides (COS), the hydrolyzed products of chitin and chitosan, can be obtained by various methods. In this study, water-soluble COS were prepared from α- and β-chitosan by ...microwave-assisted degradation and their immunostimulatory effects were investigated in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results indicated that α-COS were more active than β-COS in promoting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting indicated that COS also enhanced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and TNF-α. Further analyses demonstrated that COS induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, p85 and Akt, and the nuclear translocation of p65, indicating that they are able to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways dependent on nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. In conclusion, COS activate RAW 264.7 cells via the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and are potential novel immune potentiators.
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