This study aimed to identify neuroimaging predictors to predict the response of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) based on indices of ...resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).
Fifty patients with OCD were enrolled and allocated to either high or low responder groups after CBT using a 50 % response rate as the delineator. The pre-treatment amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree centrality (DC) in each cerebrum region, defined by automated anatomical labeling atlas, were extracted. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and logistic regression were used to select features and establish models.
The combination of multilevel rs-fMRI indices achieved the best performance, with a cross-validation area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.900. In this combined model, an increase of interquartile range (IQR) in fALFF of right inferior orbital frontal gyrus (IOFG), and ReHo of left hippocampus and superior occipital gyrus (SOG) corresponded to a 26.52 %, 38.67 % and 24.38 % increase in the possibility to be high responders of CBT, respectively. ALFF of left thalamus and ReHo of left putamen were negatively associated with the response to CBT, with a 14.30 % and 19.91 % decrease per IQR increase of the index value.
The combination of ALFF, fALFF and ReHo achieved a better predictive performance than separate index. Pre-treatment ALFF of the left thalamus, fALFF of the right IOFG, ReHo of the left hippocampus, SOG and putamen can be used as predictors of CBT response.
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•Prediction model with multilevel rs-fMRI indices achieved the best performance.•The identified predictors were located within and outside the CSTC circuit of OCD.•CBT response prediction needs to comprehensively consider ALFF, fALFF and ReHo indicator.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
For a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle equipped with Automated Manual Transmission (AMT), Dynamic Programming (DP) algorithm is used to improve the energy economy of the vehicle under the dynamic ...performance. Meanwhile, the energy consumption curve of vehicle and the operating points of engine under the driving cycle are obtained. From the results, the operation can be divided into two phases which are pure electric driving mode and hybrid driving mode. Then, compare the consumption in the two phases of hybrid electric vehicle with that of pure electric vehicle and traditional fuel vehicle separately. Finally, through calculation, the dynamic performance of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is also verified.
A series of potential bioactive compounds, 1-glucosyl-4-heterocyclyl-5-(
p-substituted-phenyl)-1,2,3-triazoles, were synthesized. Highly stereoselective products were obtained in good yield. Primary ...activity screening showed that this type of
N-glucosylic compound possessed antitumour and antiviral activities.
BACKGROUNDRecently, the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based intervention on health outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) has been recognized in randomized controlled ...trials (RCTs), but no comprehensive systematic review has been conducted. To address this research gap, our study aimed to evaluate whether comprehensive CBT-based interventions positively affect health outcomes in CHD patients. It was hypothesized that CBT-based interventions are effective in: (1) Reducing depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms; (2) Reducing body mass index, blood pressure, and lipid levels; and (3) Improving quality of life, and exercise endurance. AIMTo verify the effectiveness of CBT-based interventions on CHD patients through a meta-analysis of previous publications. METHODSRelevant RCTs published in English were obtained by searching electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, and Proquest, with the retrieval time from inception to August 2020. The primary outcomes were psychological factors (depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms), physiological factors (body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids). The secondary outcomes included quality of life and exercise endurance. We used Review Manager 5.3 to conduct the meta-analysis and used the Physiotherapy Evidence Database tool to evaluate the quality of studies. RESULTSA total of 22 RCTs comprising 4991 patients with CHD were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The main analysis revealed that CBT-based intervention can reduce depression symptoms: -2.00 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.83 to -1.16, P < 0.001; anxiety symptoms: -2.07 (95%CI: -3.39 to -0.75, P = 0.002); stress symptoms: -3.33 (95%CI: -4.23 to -2.44, P < 0.001); body mass index: -0.47 (95%CI: -0.81 to -0.13, P = 0.006); and improve physical functioning: 3.36 (95%CI: 1.63 to 5.10, P = 0.000) and mental functioning: 6.91 (95%CI: 4.10 to 9.73, P < 0.001). Moreover, subgroup analysis results showed that CBT-based interventions were more effective for symptoms of depression and anxiety in CHD patients when individual, as opposed to group treatment, and psycho-education, behavioral and cognitive strategies were applied as the core treatment approaches. CONCLUSIONCBT-based interventions are effective treatment strategies for CHD patients, significantly improving their symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, body mass index, and health-related quality of life.
A new series of α-glucosides of heterocyclic ketene aminals have been synthesized. The double bonds of the glucosides resulted in Z or E configuration by using CaH
2 or a Lewis acid as catalyst, ...respectively. A special complex of mercuric cyanide with glucopyranosides was the result when Hg(CN)
2 was used to catalyze the reaction.
Background
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Structural and functional white matter defects may suggest a vital neurobiological ...basis of OCD. However, the effects of CBT on white matter in OCD remain unknown.
Objective
The aim was to investigate white matter changes and the effect of CBT on white matter in OCD patients.
Methods
Fractional anisotropy (FA) maps were acquired using DTI. Participants included 85 patients with OCD and 90 healthy controls. VBM was then performed to detect regions with significant group differences.
Results
Obsessive–compulsive disorder patients exhibited significantly reduced FA values in bilateral OFC, right cerebellum, and left SPG, while higher FA values were observed in right PUT compared with healthy controls. Following CBT, OCD patients showed higher FA values in right MFG, left OFC, right cerebellum, and left MTG, and decreased FA values in right PUT in comparison with pretreatment. Furthermore, FA values in the left OFC of patients were significantly positively correlated with the Y‐BOCS and its associated Compulsions subscale, and FA values in the right PUT were positively correlated with Compulsions subscale. In addition, the percentage change in FA values in left MTG was positively correlated with the percentage reduction in Compulsions subscale, while the percentage change in FA values in left OFC and right PUT was negatively correlated with the percentage reductions in Obsessive and Compulsions subscale, respectively.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate the abnormalities of white matter microstructure in unmedicated patients with OCD. These abnormalities may be partly reversed by CBT.
Little is known about the effects of CBT on white matter in OCD patients. We investigated white matter changes and the effect of CBT on white matter in unmedicated OCD patients using diffusion tensor tractography. OCD patients showed significant abnormalities of white matter microstructure in some brain areas, and these abnormalities may be partly reversed by CBT. The recovery of white matter fiber connections was correlated with an improvement in obsessive–compulsive symptoms. CBT inversion of partial white matter microstructure abnormalities can be used as an imaging index to predict the efficacy of CBT in the treatment of OCD.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Because farmer loans have some features including a small amount loan, incomplete financial information, and large mobility, establishing a credit risk evaluation model that reflects characteristics ...of farmer loans has great significance for risk management of commercial banks. This paper uses projection pursuit model to nonlinearly transform multiple evaluation indicators into a single indicator of credit risk, establishes measure model of credit risk for farmer loans. Moreover, the greater squared value of projection weights, the greater impact on credit risk for farmer loans. So this paper makes use of squared value of projection weights to obtain effect sizes of risk factors. The results show that the skills of lenders and their families have the largest effect on credit risk for farmer loans.
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