Organic electrode materials are receiving ever-increasing research interest due to their combined advantages, including resource renewability, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, their ...practical applications are still terribly plagued by low conductivity, poor rate capability, solubility in electrolyte, and low density/utilization of active groups. In response, herein, as a proof-of-concept experiment, C=N and C=O bonds are synergically integrated into the backbone of pentacene to finely tune the electronic structures of pentacene. Unexpectedly, the firstly obtained unique 5,7,11,14-tetraaza-6,13-pentacenequinone/reduced graphene oxide (TAPQ/RGO) composite exhibits superior electrochemical performances, including an ultra-stable cycling stability (up to 2400 cycles) and good rate capability (174 mAh g
−1
even at a high current density of 3.2 A g
−1
), which might be attributed to the abundant active groups,
π
-conjugated molecular structure, leaf-like morphology, and the interaction between TAPQ and graphene.
C60 o-quinodimethane bisadducts C60(QM)2 are promising electron acceptors for bulk heterojuction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). However, previous production of C60(QM)2 often resulted in excessive ...regioisomers, which were difficult to purify and might consequently obscure the structure–performance study of the organofullerene acceptors. Herein, the electrosynthesis of C60(QM)2 is reported. The reaction exhibits a strong regiocontrol with generation of fewer regioisomers. Pure regioisomers of cis-2, trans-3, and e C60(QM)2 are obtained, and the structures are solved with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Interestingly, the cis-2 and trans-3 regioisomers exhibit better photovoltaic performance than the e regioisomer in the OSCs based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), which can be correlated with their structural difference.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
A Gram-stain negative, aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain YLY04
T
, was isolated from the gut microflora of a sea bass (
Dicentrarchus labrax
L.) collected ...from the coast of Yuanyao Wharf, Weihai, China. Growth was found to occur at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, 7.0–8.0), 4–37 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C) in the presence of 0–11.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3.0–4.0%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YLY04
T
is closely related to
Pelagivirga sediminicola
BH-SD19
T
and
Roseovarius antarcticus
M-S13-148
T
. Strain YLY04
T
contains ubiquinone-10 as the sole respiratory quinone and summed feature 8 (C
18:1
ω
7
c
and/or C
18:1
ω
6
c
), cyclo-C
19:0
ω
8
c
, C
16:0
and 11-methyl-C
18:1
ω
7
c
as the major fatty acids. The polar lipids of strain YLY04
T
were found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 62.7 mol%. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, and genome analysis, indicated that strain YLY04
T
represents a novel species within the genus
Pelagivirga
, for which the name
Pelagivirga dicentrarchi
sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YLY04
T
(= MCCC 1H00334
T
= KCTC 62452
T
).
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), increases the serotonin levels in the brain to treat depression. Antidepressants have been demonstrated to modulate circadian ...rhythm, but the underlying mechanisms by which antidepressants regulate circadian rhythm require more research. This study aimed to investigate the role of FLX on circadian rhythm by analyzing the movement behavior and internal circadian oscillations in zebrafish. The results showed that the expression of clock genes clock1a and bmal1b was significantly down-regulated, and the amplitude reduction and phase shift were observed after FLX treatment. Furthermore, FLX exposure inhibited the expression of aanat2, which led to a decrease in nocturnal melatonin secretion. aanat2-/- larvae showed disrupted circadian rhythm. These findings may help reveal the effect of FLX exposure on the circadian rhythm and locomotor activity. It may provide theoretical data for the clinical application of FLX.
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•FLX exposure caused a phase advance and amplitude reduction of circadian rhythm in zebrafish.•FLX significantly decreased the expression of bmal1b and clock1a of zebrafish.•FLX reduced nocturnal melatonin secretion by decreasing aanat2 expression.•Aanat2-/- larvae displayed disrupted circadian rhythm.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Two novel, designated strains 29W222
and 2943
, were isolated from the marine sediment from Aoshan Bay, Jimo, PR China. Growth was observed at pH 6.0-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) for strain 29W222
, and pH ...5.5-8.5 (pH 7.0) for strain 2943
. Both strains displayed growth in 0.5-6 % NaCl with an optimum at 1 % for 29W222
; 0.5 % for 2943
. Both strains grew optimally at 33 °C. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that 29W222
and 2943
represented members of the genus
and strain 29W222
was most closely related to
KMM 6220
(97.9 % sequence similarity) and
AK7
(95.0 %), and 2943
to
AK7
(95.7 %) and
KMM 6220
(94.8 %). The genomic DNA G+C contents of 29W222
and 2943
were 39.9 and 37.7 mol%, respectively. The results of chemotaxonomic analysis indicated that the sole respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7), and the major fatty acid was iso-C
for both strains. Average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity values between strain 29W222
and
KMM 6220
were 78.9 and 83.6 %, respectively; the corresponding values between 2943
and
AK7
were 69.8 and 63.6 %, respectively. Therefore, strains 29W222
and 2943
represent to two novel species of the genus
, for which the names
sp. nov. (29W222
=KCTC 62848
=MCCC 1K05194
) and
sp. nov. (2943
=KCTC 62847
= MCCC 1K05144
) are proposed, respectively.
Carbon dioxide is commonly used as one of the significant environmental factors to control pileus expansion during mushroom cultivation. However, the pileus expansion mechanism related to CO2 is ...still unknown. In this study, the young fruiting bodies of a popular commercial mushroom Flammulina filiformis were cultivated under different CO2 concentrations. In comparison to the low CO2 concentration (0.05%), the pileus expansion rates were significantly lower under a high CO2 concentration (5%). Transcriptome data showed that the up-regulated genes enriched in high CO2 concentration treatments mainly associated with metabolism processes indicated that the cell metabolism processes were active under high CO2 conditions. However, the gene ontology (GO) categories and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways associated with cell division processes contained down-regulated genes at both 12 h and 36 h under a high concentration of CO2. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that a high CO2 concentration had an adverse effect on gene expression of the ubiquitin–proteasome system and cell cycle–yeast pathway, which may decrease the cell division ability and exhibit an inhibitory effect on early pileus expansion. Our research reveals the molecular mechanism of inhibition effects on early pileus expansion by elevated CO2, which could provide a theoretical basis for a CO2 management strategy in mushroom cultivation.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The base-promoted oxidative cycloaddition reaction of 60fullerene with ethyl acetoacetate was investigated. The reaction resulted in C60 bis-2′,3′-dihydrofuran derivatives, but only with the ...trans-1, trans-2, trans-3, and e configurations rather than any cis or trans-4 structures, demonstrating a new regioselectivity resulting from steric influence on C60 bisaddition. In addition, distribution of the bisadducts was complicated by the unsymmetrical nature of the addends, where each individual configuration may consist of several regioisomers.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
This study evaluated the microbial community dynamics and maturation time of two compost systems: biogas slurry compost and cow manure compost, with the aim of evaluating the potential utility of a ...biogas slurry compost system. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), gene clone library, temperature, C/N ratio, and the germination index were employed for the investigation, cow manure compost was used as the control. Results showed that the basic strip and dominant strips of the DGGE bands for biogas slurry compost were similar to those of cow manure compost, but the brightness of the respective strips for each system were different. Shannon-Weaver indices of the two compost systems differed, possessing only 22% similarity in the primary and maturity stages of the compost process. Using bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis, 88 bacterial clones were detected. Further, 18 and 13 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were present in biogas slurry and cow manure compost, respectively. The 18 OTUs of the biogas slurry compost belonged to nine bacterial genera, of which the dominant strains were Bacillus sp. and Carnobacterium sp.; the 13 OTUs of the cow manure compost belonged to eight bacterial genera, of which the dominant strains were Psychrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Clostridium sp. Results demonstrated that the duration of the thermophilic phase (more than 50°C) for biogas slurry compost was 8 d less than the according duration for cow manure compost, and the maturation times for biogas slurry and cow manure compost were 45 and 60 d, respectively. It is an effective biogas slurry assimilate technology by application of biogas slurry as nitrogen additives in the manufacture of organic fertilizer.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Objective
To evaluate the clinical outcomes of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) in conjunction with unilateral pedicle screw fixation (UPSF) via the Wiltse approach in treating degenerative ...lumbar scoliosis (DLS).
Methods
The article is a retrospective analysis. Twelve patients with DLS who underwent combined OLIF and UPSF between July 2017 and December 2018 were included. The study included 2 male and 10 female patients, with a mean age at the time of the operation of 67.2 ± 9.1 years. The surgical characteristics and complications were evaluated. The clinical and radiological data such as the correction of deformity, coronal and sagittal profile were analyzed.
Results
The mean follow‐up time of the study was 26.8 ± 1.8 months. At the final follow‐up, all patients who underwent combined OLIF and UPSF achieved statistically significant improvements in coronal Cobb angle (from 19.6° ± 4.8° to 6.9° ± 3.8°, P < 0.01), distance between the C7 plumb line and central sacral vertebral line (from 2.5 ± 1.7 cm to 0.9 ± 0.6 cm, P < 0.01), sagittal vertebral axis (from 4.3 ± 4.3 cm to 1.5 ± 1.0 cm, P = 0.03), lumbar lordosis (from 29.4° ± 8.6° to 40.8° ± 5.8°, P < 0.01), pelvic tilt (from 27.6° ± 10.8° to 18.3° ± 7.0°, P < 0.01), pelvic incidence‐lumbar lordosis mismatch (from 23.3° ± 10.5° to 11.9° ± 8.4°, P < 0.01), and cross‐sectional area of the dural sac (from 87.33 ± 39.41 mm2 to 124.70 ± 39.26 mm2, P < 0.01). The visual analogue score for back and leg pain and Oswestry Disability Index of all patients significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.01). One case of lumbar plexus injury was found after surgery. During the follow‐up period, one patient had cage subsidence. A fusion rate of 100% and good positioning of the pedicle screws were achieved in all patients at the final follow‐up.
Conclusion
OLIF in conjunction with UPSF is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for correcting both coronal and sagittal deformities, as it results in an improved quality of life in patients with DLS.
OLIF in conjunction with UPSF seems to be a valuable surgical tool for the minimally invasive correction of coronal and sagittal plane deformities in patients with moderate degenerative lumbar scoliosis. It is a minimally invasive procedure that yields good radiographic and clinical results without any major complications.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Fermented sausages have a long tradition originating from China. In this study, three starter microorganisms including
Pediococcus pentosaceus
(P)
, Staphylococcus xylosus
(S), and a combination of
...P. pentosaceus
and
S. xylosus
(P + S) were conducted for the manufacture of traditional Xiangxi (a city in China) fermented sausages. The physicochemical changes of the above three kinds of sausages during fermentation were studied and discussed, and also compared with these properties on the natural fermented sausage (N, i.e., control). The results revealed that five kinds of bacterial phases were existed at different fermentation stages in N, P, S and P + S fermented sausages, respectively. The microbiological data showed that an initial enterobacteria count of approximately 5.3 log CFU/g for all four batches of sausages. The enterobacteria count in the inoculated sausages of P and P + S groups decreased significantly to about 1 log CFU/g whereas group N and S had a count of about 3.3 log CFU/g after fermentation. In the early stages of fermentation, the pH rapidly decreased below 5.3. FAA and FFA were significantly increased in all groups and TBARS value in group P was higher than that of the other three groups. In conclusion, starter cultures can be used to improve the hygiene level of Xiangxi sausages without significant effects on pH, A
W
, and nitrite residue.
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