Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug used to treat patients with schizophrenia due to its lower incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms. Previous studies have shown that olanzapine activates ...AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and induce autophagy in SH-SY5Y cell line. In this study, we investigated whether olanzapine protected against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. We showed that treatment with olanzapine increased the phosphorylation of AMPK in both dose- and time-dependent manners in PC12 cells. In addition, olanzapine activated autophagy and increased autophagic vacuoles. Furthermore, olanzapine pretreatment could protect PC12 cells from rotenone-induced apoptosis. Besides, olanzapine pretreatment could suppress the rotenone-induced depolarization of mitochondrial potential and thus protect the cells. Moreover, pretreatment with specific AMPK inhibitor compound C or with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine impaired the protective effect of olanzapine on rotenone-treated PC12 cells. In summary, our results show for the first time that olanzapine ameliorates rotenone-induced injury by activating autophagy through AMPK pathway.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Human rabies is a significant public health concern in mainland China. However, the neglect of rabies expansion and scarce analyses of the dynamics have made the spatiotemporal spread pattern of ...human rabies and its determinants being poorly understood.
We collected geographic locations and timeline of reported human rabies cases, rabies sequences and socioeconomic variables for the years 2004-2013, and integrated multidisciplinary approaches, including epidemiological characterization, hotspots identification, risk factors analysis and phylogeographic inference, to explore the spread pattern of human rabies in mainland China during the last decade.
The results show that human rabies distribution and hotspots were expanding from southeastern regions to north or west regions, which could be associated with the evolution of the virus, especially the clade I-G. A Panel Poisson Regression analysis reveals that human rabies incidences had significant correlation with the education level, GDP per capita, temperature at one-month lag and canine rabies outbreak at two-month lag.
The reduction in the overall human rabies incidence was accompanied by a westward and northward expansion of the circulating region in mainland China. Higher risk of human rabies was associated with lower level of education and economic status. New clades of rabies, especial Clade I-G, played an important role in recent spread. Our findings provide valuable information for rabies control and prevention in the future.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Numerical simulation has been carried out to investigate the major factors affecting the time of composite regeneration due to coupling cerium-based additive and microwave for diesel particulate ...f3ilter (DPF). Effect on the composite regeneration time from various factors such as mass flow rate of exhaust gas, temperature of exhaust gas, oxygen concentration of exhaust gas, microwave power and amount of cerium-based additive are investigated. And a mathematical model based on fuzzy least squares support vector machines has been developed to forecast the endpoint of the composite regeneration. The results show that the relative error of endpoint forecasting model of composite regeneration is less than 3.5%, and the oxygen concentration of exhaust gas has the biggest effect on the endpoint of composite regeneration, followed by the mass flow rate of exhaust gas, the microwave power, the temperature of exhaust gas and the amount of cerium-based additive.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
•Deformation parameters were changed by freeze–thaw cycles (FTs).•Cracks developed gradually and pore surfaces were smoothed during FTs.•Slits and bottle-neck pores were detected in the ...stabilized/solidified sediments.•Pores larger than 105 nm shrank and were damaged during FTs.•Pores smaller than 105 nm were expanded during FTs.
The stabilized/solidified (S/S) sediments are supposed to be damaged by freeze–thaw cycles (FTs), and their deformation parameters such as void ratio, compression modulus and consolidation coefficient changed during FTs. The characteristics of pore structure of S/S sediments during FTs are critical for identifying the damage mechanisms, since these damages are primarily induced by the water-phase changes in the pores. Hence, FTs were first simulated in laboratory to prepare S/S sediments samples in different conditions. Then, oedometer tests were launched on these samples to observe the changing of the deformation parameters of S/S sediments in different FTs. After that, scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM) was applied to observe the changing of the micro pore structure aspects of S/S sediments in different FTs. And finally, the combined application of mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis (MIP) and nitrogen adsorption porosimetry analysis (NAP) was conducted to ascertain the changing of the micro pore structure of S/S sediments in different FTs quantitatively, including the changing of pore-size distributions and pore surface roughness. The comprehensive analysis of pore structure of S/S sediments by SEM, MIP and NAP appropriately explained the changes of deformation parameters in the oedometer tests. Furthermore, the necessity and validity of combined application of MIP and NAP were proved, for full-scale pore structure analysis of S/S sediments during FTs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•Achieved co-bioevaporation treatment through mixing concentrated landfill leachate with food waste.•Water and organic matter contained concentrated landfill leachate and food waste was ...simultaneously removed.•Optimization of co-bioevaporation process can improve disposal efficiency.•Water evaporation of 96.7% and organic matter degradation of 96.5% were obtained under optimal conditions.
In this study, concentrated landfill leachate (CLL) from two-stage DTRO (Disk-Tube Reverse Osmosis) process was treated by co-bioevaporation process with addition of food waste (FW) as the supplementary carbon source. A series of experiments were conducted to explore the feasibility and critical factors of the co-bioevaporation treatment of CLL and FW. The results indicated that the simultaneous removal of water and organic matters contained in CLL and FW mixture was effectively achieved in the co-bioevaporation process, and when the CLL and FW mixing ratio was 1:1.10 (mCLL:mFW), 85.67% of the added water can be evaporated by complete consumption of the organics. Initial moisture content (MC) of 33.9%, dosage of 90%, and air-flow rate (AFR) of 0.035m3 kg-1TS h-1 were found to be the optimal operating conditions. Water evaporation of 96.7% and volatile solids (VS) consumption of 96.5% were obtained under those optimal conditions during five cycles of co-bioevaporation process.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Cucumber monoculture could cause soil salinization and acidification, soilborne diseases, and eventually yield loss. However, after a 25-year monoculture in Wafangdian county, Liaoning province, ...China, cucumber yields have remained satisfactory. In the present study, we investigated how the soil abiotic and biotic properties, in addition to soil rhizosphere microbial community structure in the greenhouses, could still sustain plant growth after such long-term monoculture production. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available nitrogen were accumulated significantly after monoculture. Such increasing soil fertility was accompanied by increased soil microbial abundance, which reshaped soil microbial community structure. Both bacterial and fungal diversity, including observed and estimated richness, Heip evenness, and Shannon diversity, decreased significantly, while the monoculture period had a greater influence on fungal diversity than on bacterial diversity. Although the high accumulation of soil nutrients increased soil salinity and acidity, the abundance of potential plant pathogenic fungi did not show an obvious increase. These results indicated that maintaining soil abiotic and biotic properties using organic fertilizers and balanced chemical fertilizers, especially improving potassium fertilizer application, could be useful measurements for the sustainable development of greenhouse vegetable production. In addition, appropriate management strategies should be considered to reduce the potential risk of soil salinization.
Preeclampsia (PE) manifests as a pregnancy-specific complication arising from compromised placentation characterized by inadequate trophoblast invasion. A growing body of evidence underscores the ...pivotal involvement of pseudogenes, a subset of long noncoding RNAs, in the pathological processes of PE. This study presents a novel finding, demonstrating a significant downregulation of the pseudogene PDIA3P1 in PE placental tissues compared to normal tissues. In vitro functional assays revealed that suppressing PDIA3P1 hindered trophoblast proliferation, invasion, and migration, concurrently upregulating the expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1). Further exploration of the regulatory role of PDIA3P1 in PE, utilizing human trophoblasts, established that PDIA3P1 exerts its function by binding to HuR, thereby enhancing the stability of Snail expression in trophoblasts. Overall, our findings suggest a crucial role for PDIA3P1 in regulating trophoblast properties and contributing to the pathogenesis of PE, offering potential targets for prognosis and therapeutic intervention.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Through comparative study with normal casting, the effects of semi-solid thixo-extrusion on microstructures and mechanical properties with modification treatment and heat treatment of ZA27 alloys ...were studied. The results show that the density of semi-solid thixo-extrusion ZA27 alloy increases by 3% compared to the one obtained by normal casting, fine spherical uniform microstructure is obtained by Sc modification treatment or semi-solid thixo-extrusion, and the best roundness of the globular grains is obtained by Sc modification combined with semi-solid thixo-extrusion. The microstructure of ZA27 alloy by semi-solid thixo-extrusion combined with T6 heat treatment is composed of small α primary phase and (α+η) eutectoid phase, which shows that semi-solid thixo-extrusion can promote the dissolution of ε phase and reduce (β+η+ε) ternary eutectic content. The mechanical properties test indicates that the tensile strength, elongation and Brinell hardness of the ZA27 alloy by semi-solid thixo-extrusion, and after
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a serious public health problem in Shandong Province, China. We conducted an epizootiologic investigation and phylogeographic and phylodynamic analyses ...to infer the phylogenetic relationships of hantaviruses in space and time, and gain further insights into their evolutionary dynamics in Shandong Province. Our data indicated that the Seoul virus (SEOV) is distributed throughout Shandong, whereas Hantaan virus (HTNV) co-circulates with SEOV in the eastern and southern areas of Shandong. Their distribution showed strong geographic clustering. In addition, our analyses indicated multiple evolutionary paths, long-distance transmission, and demographic expansion events for SEOV in some areas. Selection pressure analyses revealed that negative selection on hantaviruses acted as the principal evolutionary force, whereas a little evidence of positive selection exists. We found that several positively selected sites were located within major functional regions and indicated the importance of these residues for adaptive evolution of hantaviruses.
Abnormal grain growth (AGG) is frequently observed in sintered (K, Na)NbO3 (KNN)‐based piezoceramics. However, in the present study, abnormal grain growth was unexpectedly discovered in calcined ...KNN‐based powders. To explain the phenomenon, three well‐established models that account for the AGG in sintered ceramics were discussed, including (a) liquid‐phase‐assisted grain growth, (b) two‐dimensional nucleation grain growth, and (c) complexion coexistence. However, the AGG in calcined powders was concluded to be none of them, but a consequence of the A‐site compositional inhomogeneity in the K2CO3‐Na2CO3‐Nb2O5 ternary system. Since repeated calcination and ball milling have low efficiency on solving AGG and the accompanied compositional inhomogeneity, abnormal grains were found to coexist with normal grains at a very high calcination temperature, that is, 1000°C. The compositional inhomogeneity is believed to be remaining even after sintering and consequently deteriorate the comprehensive performances, which might be a determinant for the unstable reproduction of KNN‐based piezoceramics.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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