•PCC coatings were verified to reduce inflammatory reaction and promote osteogenesis.•Sr-Zn-P B has an optimal topography and element composition for osteogenesis.•Cytokine-cytokine receptor ...interaction pathway may be the possible mechanism.
The immune response of peri-titanium (Ti) implants, which is mainly determined by the surface properties of the Ti implant, may lead to a prolonged healing period and even implantation failure. The phosphate chemical conversion (PCC) technique is an effective method for simultaneously regulating the crystallographic morphological and elemental compositions of Ti implant surfaces. However, whether the PCC coating induces an immune response or further affects osteogenesis is unclear. In this study, we prepared three kinds of PCC-coated Ti implants, i.e., Sr-Zn-P A (strontium zinc phosphate with rectangular blocky crystals), Sr-Zn-P B (strontium zinc phosphate with lamellar crystals) and Sr-Ca-P (calcium strontium phosphate), which were composed of different phosphate crystals or had different morphologies. Although all PCC-coated Ti implants showed good biocompatibility with both rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) and rat macrophages, different effects on rBMMSC osteogenesis and macrophage polarization were found in this study: 1) Sr-Zn-P B preferentially induced rBMMSC osteogenesis and M2 polarization to a greater extent than the other implants because of its surface morphology and ion release; 2) under three culture conditions (coculture, transwell and conditioned medium), Sr-Zn-P B was found to enhance the production of anti-inflammatory and pro-osteogenic factors via M2 polarization; 3) characterization of the osteogenesis and immune response in rat subcutaneous models and rat femoral defect models revealed that Sr-Zn-P B could perform well in osteoimmunomodulation in vivo; and 4) through RNA sequencing analysis, the up-/downregulation of several signaling pathways was identified as a potential reason for M2 polarization on Sr-Zn-P B. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Sr-Zn-P B is a promising scaffold for osteoimmunomodulation and provides new insight into bone defect repair.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) regulates the expression of various genes, several genes involved in inflammation and tumorigenesis, including those of the liver. A role for NF-kappaB has been ...implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. This transcription factor can regulate hTERT gene transcription. Expression of hTERT was found to be at high levels in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, positive effects of NF-kappaB on hTERT protein synthesis in HepG
2 cells are unknown. In this study, we show that LPS (specific binding to TLR4 to activate NF-kappaB) was positive for NF-kappaB p65 mRNA expression and activation, and also up-regulated hTERT mRNA and protein expressions at 36
h in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, MG-132 (blocking the activity of 26S proteasome and thereby preventing nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB) significantly inhibited activation of NF-kappaB and mRNA expression. And also reduced the expression of hTERT at both mRNA and protein levels at 36
h in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, dexamethasone inhibited LPS-induced activation of NF-kappaB and expression of the hTERT in HepG
2 cells. These findings suggest that NF-kappaB may modulate hTERT mRNA level, importantly, in protein level in HepG
2 cells and dexamethasone inhibits LPS-induced hTERT via blocking NF-kappaB.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is related to hypertension and cardiac remodelling. Left atrium (LA) dilation is highly sensitive to small haemodynamic changes in the left ventricle (LV) that are induced by ...hypertension. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between miR-21 expression and LA dilation in elderly patients with essential hypertension (EH).
In this cross-sectional study, one hundred elderly patients with EH were recruited for the study. According to their left atrium diameters (LADs), the patients were divided into the LA dilation group 42 patients (42%) and the no-LA dilation group 58 patients (58%). The serum levels of miR-21 and chemical biomarkers used in the clinic, such as creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lp(a), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), and apolipoprotein B, were measured. All the patients underwent echocardiographic examination, and the LAD, interventricular septum (IVS), right atrium diameter (RAD), right ventricle diameter (RVD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured.
The levels of miR-21 8.02 (5.21, 14.39)
. 6.05 (3.81, 8.95),
0.011 and LVEF (67.02 ± 3.82
. 64.14 ± 4.43,
0.001) were higher in the LA dilation group. The levels of creatinine 70.40 (64.45, 80.15)
. 63.9(60.1, 73.43),
0.020 were higher in the no-LA dilation group. The levels of HDLC (
= - 0.209,
0.037), apoA1 (
= -0.269,
0.007) and RAD (
= 0.203,
= 0.043) were significantly correlated with miR-21 expression. The LAD was significantly correlated with the RAD (
= 0.287,
0.004), RVD (
= 0.450,
< 0.001), LVEDD (
= 0.248,
0.013) and LVEF (
= 0.232,
0.020). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that miR-21 significantly influenced LA dilation in elderly patients with EH (
< 0.05).
Circulating serum levels of miR-21 are increased in elderly patients with EH with LA dilation. miR-21 levels are significantly correlated with LA dilation in elderly patients with EH, and miR-21 may be a factor related to the clinical pathophysiological occurrence of and treatment for the progression of hypertension-related early heart damage in EH patients.
Machine harvesting increases the foreign matter content of seed cotton. Excessive cleaning causes fiber damage and economic loss. Most trading companies in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China ...have indicated reluctance to use machine-harvested cotton. The first objective was to determine how the fiber quality was affected by the ginning and lint cleaning and how the fiber damage during levels of lint cleaning changed. The second objective was to determine the optimum number of lint cleaners for machine-harvested cotton based on fiber damage. Cotton samples were collected from 13 fields and processed in seven ginneries between 2013 and 2015. The results indicated that ginning and lint cleaning didn't have significant effect on fiber strength and significantly affected both fiber length and short fiber index. Fiber length was reduced by more than 1.00 mm from six of 13 fields after lint cleaning, then the damage rate on short fiber index from 11 of 13 fields was more than 20%. The third lint cleaning caused great fiber damage, reducing fiber length by 0.35 mm and increasing short fiber index by 0.65%. So, the lint should be cleaned by one lint cleaner in the Xinjiang, however, the stage of lint cleaning was sometimes omitted when the foreign matter content of lint was little.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The main geological landform in southwest China is karst, and hydrological resources in the region are rich. The water resources in this region cannot be efficiently and rationally used due to the ...complex topography and difficulty in developing water resources, which has led to problems such as desertification and soil erosion. The most typical area of karst landforms is in Guizhou Province. A water management method for an interconnected river system network is proposed, taking Guiyang as an example. This study provides a foundation for China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project and can improve socioeconomic conditions in China.
The temporal variability and spatial pattern of the Arctic Oscillation （AO） simulated in the historical experiment of 26 coupled climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison ...Project Phase 5 （CMIP5） are evaluated. Spectral analysis of the monthly AO index indicates that 23 out of the 26 CMIP5 models exhibit no statistically significant spectral peak in the historical experiment, as seen in the observations. These models are able to reproduce the AO pattern in the sea level pressure anomaly field during boreal winter, but the intensity of the AO pattern tends to be overestimated in all the models. The zonal-mean zonal wind anomalies associated with the AO is dominated by a meridional dipole in the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during boreal winter, which is well reproduced by only a few models. Most models show significant biases in both strength and location of the dipole compared to the observation. In considering the temporal variability as well as spatial structures in both horizontal and vertical directions, the MPI-ESM-P model reproduces an AO pattern that resembles the observation the best.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•New hantaviruses (QHSV) were detected in Sorex cylindricauda in Yunnan, China.•Sequence analyses indicated that the strains were divergent from published hantaviruses.•QHSV phylogenetically shared a ...common ancestor with other Sorex-related hantaviruses.•The virus-host association tanglegram indicated no evidence of host switching for QHSV.•The findings provide more information regarding the heterogeneity of hantaviruses.
Inspired by the recent discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses from insectivore species worldwide, we performed a small-scale search for insectivore-borne hantaviruses. In this paper, we report the discovery of a new hantavirus, which was designated the Qian Hu Shan virus (QHSV). This virus was detected in the lung tissues of three stripe-backed shrews (Sorex cylindricauda), which were captured in the Yunnan Province, China. The full-length S genomic segment of the representative QHSV strain YN05-284 was 1661 nucleotides and is predicted to encode a nucleocapsid protein of 429 amino acids that starts at nucleotide position 48. It exhibited the highest similarity with other Sorex-related hantaviruses, with 68.1%–72.8% nucleotide and 71.9%–84.4% amino acid sequence identities. An analysis of a 1430-nucleotide region of the partial M segment exhibited approximately 54.4%–79.5% nucleotide and 43.2%–90.8% amino acid sequence identities to other hantaviruses. A comparison of a 432-nucleotide region of the L segment also showed similar degrees of identity, with 68.9%–78.4% nucleotide and 71.1%–93.8% amino acid sequence identities to other hantaviruses. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian methods indicated that QHSV shared the most recent common ancestor with other Sorex-related hantaviruses. The host was identified using a morphological assessment and verified using mitochondrial cytochrome b (mt-Cyt b) gene sequencing. A pair-wise comparison of the 1140-nucleotide mt-Cyt b gene sequence from the host demonstrated that the host was close to S. cylindricauda from Nepal with 94.3% identity. The virus-host association tanglegram, which was constructed using the Dendroscope software, indicated that the QHSV phylogeny and the host phylogeny were approximately matched, which suggests no evidence of host switching for QHSV. Our results contribute to a wider viewpoint regarding the heterogeneity of viruses that infect shrews.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by hantaviruses and transmitted by rodents is a significant public health problem in China, and occurs more frequently in selenium-deficient ...regions. To study the role of selenium concentration in HFRS incidence we used a multidisciplinary approach combining ecological analysis with preliminary experimental data. The incidence of HFRS in humans was about six times higher in severe selenium-deficient and double in moderate deficient areas compared to non-deficient areas. This association became statistically stronger after correction for other significant environment-related factors (low elevation, few grasslands, or an abundance of forests) and was independent of geographical scale by separate analyses for different climate regions. A case-control study of HFRS patients admitted to the hospital revealed increased activity and plasma levels of selenium binding proteins while selenium supplementation in vitro decreased viral replication in an endothelial cell model after infection with a low multiplicity of infection (MOI). Viral replication with a higher MOI was not affected by selenium supplementation. Our findings indicate that selenium deficiency may contribute to an increased prevalence of hantavirus infections in both humans and rodents. Future studies are needed to further examine the exact mechanism behind this observation before selenium supplementation in deficient areas could be implemented for HFRS prevention.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective To explore the molecular genetics and clinical characteristics of two cases of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) type 2 caused by glucokinase (GCK) gene mutation. Methods Two ...patients who were admitted into Beijing Jishuitan Hospital with suspected diagnosis of MODY from April 2015 to December 2015 were collected and analyzed by their clinical data. GCK gene sequencing was carried out for the two patients and their family members to find the cause of their disease. Results A new GCK heterozygous mutation p.T82P (c.244 A ＞ C) and a reported GCK heterozygous mutation p.V412M (c.1234 G ＞ A) were found in the two families. In the aspect of clinical manifestations, in addition to stable hyperglycemia, the 3 GCK gene mutation carriers in the two families showed metabolic syndrome of varying degrees. Conclusions GCK gene mutation p.T82P may be the cause of MODY2. The clinical manifestations of GCK gene mutation carriers are complex, and they need to be individualized and managed in treatment and
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