In this study, researchers describe the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in a selected cohort of 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed disease throughout mainland China during ...the first 2 months of the current outbreak.
Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite multijunction solar cells have immense potential to realize power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit of single‐junction solar cells; ...however, they are limited by large nonideal photovoltage loss (V
oc,loss) in small‐ and large‐bandgap subcells. Here, an integrated approach is utilized to improve the V
oc of subcells with optimized bandgaps and fabricate perovskite–perovskite tandem solar cells with small V
oc,loss. A fullerene variant, Indene‐C60 bis‐adduct, is used to achieve optimized interfacial contact in a small‐bandgap (≈1.2 eV) subcell, which facilitates higher quasi‐Fermi level splitting, reduces nonradiative recombination, alleviates hysteresis instabilities, and improves V
oc to 0.84 V. Compositional engineering of large‐bandgap (≈1.8 eV) perovskite is employed to realize a subcell with a transparent top electrode and photostabilized V
oc of 1.22 V. The resultant monolithic perovskite–perovskite tandem solar cell shows a high V
oc of 1.98 V (approaching 80% of the theoretical limit) and a stabilized PCE of 18.5%. The significantly minimized nonideal V
oc,loss is better than state‐of‐the‐art silicon–perovskite tandem solar cells, which highlights the prospects of using perovskite–perovskite tandems for solar‐energy generation. It also unlocks opportunities for solar water splitting using hybrid perovskites with solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiencies beyond 15%.
High open‐circuit voltage, V
oc (1.98 V) and power conversion efficiency, PCE (18.5%) is realized in an ideal bandgap‐matched two‐terminal perovskite–perovskite tandem solar cell via an integrated approach. A fullerene variant, Indene‐C60 bis‐adduct is used to achieve optimized interfacial contact and alleviate hysteresis instabilities in the small‐bandgap subcell. Compositional engineering is employed to realize more highly photostabilized V
oc in the large‐bandgap subcell.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
An effective method to control the rate of perovskite crystallization by incorporating rationally chosen additives into the perovskite precursor solutions is demonstrated. The processing additives ...simultaneously facilitate nucleation and modulate the kinetics of crystal growth during crystallization, leading to much smoother perovskite morphology with improved coverage area and crystal uniformity. As a result, it enables very high PCE (∼12%) planar‐heterojunction solar cells to be fabricated through the low‐temperature solution processes (under 150 °C). This study opens up a new direction for optimizing perovskite active layer properties to expand device performance ceilings.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
An effective approach to significantly increase the electrical conductivity of a NiOx hole‐transporting layer (HTL) to achieve high‐efficiency planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells is ...demonstrated. Perovskite solar cells based on using Cu‐doped NiOx HTL show a remarkably improved power conversion efficiency up to 15.40% due to the improved electrical conductivity and enhanced perovskite film quality. General applicability of Cu‐doped NiOx to larger bandgap perovskites is also demonstrated in this study.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Plasma consists of DNA released from multiple tissues within the body. Using genome-wide bisulfite sequencing of plasma DNA and deconvolution of the sequencing data with reference to methylation ...profiles of different tissues, we developed a general approach for studying the major tissue contributors to the circulating DNA pool. We tested this method in pregnant women, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and subjects following bone marrow and liver transplantation. In most subjects, white blood cells were the predominant contributors to the circulating DNA pool. The placental contributions in the plasma of pregnant women correlated with the proportional contributions as revealed by fetal-specific genetic markers. The graft-derived contributions to the plasma in the transplant recipients correlated with those determined using donor-specific genetic markers. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma showed elevated plasma DNA contributions from the liver, which correlated with measurements made using tumor-associated copy number aberrations. In hepatocellular carcinoma patients and in pregnant women exhibiting copy number aberrations in plasma, comparison of methylation deconvolution results using genomic regions with different copy number status pinpointed the tissue type responsible for the aberrations. In a pregnant woman diagnosed as having follicular lymphoma during pregnancy, methylation deconvolution indicated a grossly elevated contribution from B cells into the plasma DNA pool and localized B cells as the origin of the copy number aberrations observed in plasma. This method may serve as a powerful tool for assessing a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions based on the identification of perturbed proportional contributions of different tissues into plasma.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Roles of fullerene‐based interlayers in enhancing the performance of organometal perovskite thin‐film solar cells are elucidated. By studying various fullerenes, a clear correlation between the ...electron mobility of fullerenes and the resulting performance of derived devices is determined. The metallic characteristics of the bilayer perovskite/fullerene field‐effect transistor indicates an effective charge redistribution occurring at the corresponding interface. A conventional perovskite thin‐film solar cell derived from the C60 electron‐transporting layer (ETL) affords a high power conversion efficiency of 15.4%.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
A fully printable perovskite solar cell (PVSC) is demonstrated using a blade‐coating technique under ambient conditions with controlled humidity. The influence of humidity on perovskite's ...crystallization is systematically investigated to realize the ambient processing condition. A high power conversion efficiency of 10.44% is achieved after optimizing the blade‐coating process and, more importantly, a high‐performance flexible PVSC is demonstrated for the first time. A high efficiency of 7.14% is achieved.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
A comprehensive morphological study was used to elucidate chloride’s role in CH3NH3PbI3–x Cl x film evolution on a conducting polymer, PEDOT:PSS. Complex ion equilibria and aggregation in solution, ...as well as the role they play in nucleation, are found to ultimately be responsible for the unique morphological diversity observed in perovskite films grown in the presence of the chloride ion. An intermediate phase that is generated upon deposition and initial annealing templates continued self-assembly in the case of CH3NH3PbI3–x Cl x . In the absence of chloride, the film growth of CH3NH3PbI3 is directed by substrate interfacial energy. By employing the through-plane TEM analysis, we gain detailed insight into the unique crystallographic textures, grain structures, and elemental distributions across the breadth of films grown from precursor solutions with different chemistries. The lattice coherence seen in morphologies generated under the influence of chloride provides a physical rational for the enhancement in carrier diffusion length and lifetime.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Simple and solution‐processible tetrabutyl‐ammonium salts (TBAX) can dope fullerene and its derivatives to achieve conductive thin films (σ as high as 0.56 S/m). The electron transfer between the ...anions of TBAXs and n‐type semiconductors induces doping without encountering any harsh activation. These provide valid support for the surfactant interfacial doping of fullerene in polymer solar cells for enhanced device performance.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by intrusive thoughts and urges and repetitive, intentional behaviors that cause significant distress and impair ...functioning. The OCD Collaborative Genetics Association Study (OCGAS) is comprised of comprehensively assessed OCD patients with an early age of OCD onset. After application of a stringent quality control protocol, a total of 1065 families (containing 1406 patients with OCD), combined with population-based samples (resulting in a total sample of 5061 individuals), were studied. An integrative analyses pipeline was utilized, involving association testing at single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and gene levels (via a hybrid approach that allowed for combined analyses of the family- and population-based data). The smallest P-value was observed for a marker on chromosome 9 (near PTPRD, P=4.13 × 10(-)(7)). Pre-synaptic PTPRD promotes the differentiation of glutamatergic synapses and interacts with SLITRK3. Together, both proteins selectively regulate the development of inhibitory GABAergic synapses. Although no SNPs were identified as associated with OCD at genome-wide significance level, follow-up analyses of genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals from a previously published OCD study identified significant enrichment (P=0.0176). Secondary analyses of high-confidence interaction partners of DLGAP1 and GRIK2 (both showing evidence for association in our follow-up and the original GWAS study) revealed a trend of association (P=0.075) for a set of genes such as NEUROD6, SV2A, GRIA4, SLC1A2 and PTPRD. Analyses at the gene level revealed association of IQCK and C16orf88 (both P<1 × 10(-)(6), experiment-wide significant), as well as OFCC1 (P=6.29 × 10(-)(5)). The suggestive findings in this study await replication in larger samples.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
PDF
