The carbon nanotube (CNT) pattern plays an important role in various electronic devices and biological fields for its superior conductivity and biocompatibility. Herein, we fabricated regularly ...arranged concentric multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) rings in a Petri dish by evaporation-driven self-assembly technology. By adjusting the dispersion ratio, heating temperature, and solution volume, various MWCNT rings with different shapes and morphologies were obtained. The variation law of ring radius, formation range, and ring numbers was processed with statistical analysis. With fine adjustment of parameters, the control of desired MWCNT rings can be achieved for further scientific researches. By culturing L929 cells with these rings, oriented cell growth along the rings was achieved, which is of significance for cell regulation, tissue repairing, and related biological applications.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Sustainable ultrathin stretchable power sources have emerged with the development of wearable electronics. They obtain energy from living organisms and the environment to drive these wearable ...electronics. Here, an ultrathin stretchable and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) improved by chargeable carbon black (CB)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite material (CT-TENG) is proposed for mechanical energy harvesting and physiological signal sensing. The CB/TPU composite can act as both a stretchable electrode and a triboelectric layer due to the coexistence of conductive CB and dielectric TPU. The CT-TENG demonstrates good stretchability (≈646%), ultrathin thickness (≈50 μm), and a lightweight (≈62 mg). The triboelectric electrode material can be improved by postcharging treatment. With the corona charging process, the output performance of the CT-TENG was improved eightfold and reached 41 V. Moreover, the CT-TENG with a self-powered sensing capability can inspect the amplitude and frequency of different physiological movements. Consequently, the CT-TENG is promising in promoting the development of electronic skins, wearable systems of self-powered sensors, human–machine interactions, soft robotics, and artificial intelligence applications.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
In the past 10 years, the development of nanogenerators (NG) has enabled different systems to operate without external power supply. NG have the ability to harvest the mechanical energies in ...different forms. Human body motions and activities can also serve as the energy source to drive NG and enable self‐powered healthcare system. In this review, a summary of several major actual applications of NG in the biomedical fields is made including the circulatory system, the neural system, cell modulation, microbe disinfection, and biodegradable electronics. Nevertheless, there are still many challenges for NG to be actually adopted in clinical applications, including the miniaturization, duration, encapsulation, and output performance. It is also very important to further combine the NG development more precisely with the medical principles. In future, NG can serve as highly promising complementary or even alternative power suppliers to traditional batteries for the healthcare electronics.
To date, the major applications of nanogenerators (NG) in the biomedical fields include the circulatory system, the neural system, cell modulation, microbe disinfection, and biodegradable electronics. In the future, NG can serve as highly promising complementary or even alternative power suppliers to the traditional batteries for healthcare electronics.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Implantable triboelectric nanogenerators (iTENGs) are promising to work as sustainable power source for implanted healthcare electronic devices. In this study, we fabricated a serial of biodegradable ...(BD) iTENGs and effectively tuned their degradation process in vivo by employing Au nanorods (AuNRs), which responded to the near-infrared (NIR) light sensitively. The implanted BD-iTENG worked well for more than 28 days in vivo, without NIR treatment. When NIR treatment was applied, the output of AuNRs-BD-iTENG rapidly reduced to 0 within 24 h and the device was mostly degraded in 14 days. This showed that the in vivo degradation of our BD-iTENG could be triggered and come into effect very quickly with rational manipulation. The peak value of in vitro and in vivo output voltage generated by the AuNRs-BD-iTENG were 28 V and 2 V, respectively. Moreover, the in vivo output voltage was applied on fibroblast cells and demonstrated a significant acceleration for cell migration across the scratch, which was very beneficial to wound healing process. In addition, we discovered that the alternating BD-iTENG output was as efficient as direct current (DC) stimuli. The mechanisms were investigated. Our work has demonstrated the feasibility of building a photothermally tunable BD-iTENG as a transient power source for biomedical healthcare electronics.
We fabricate a serial of biodegradable (BD) implantable triboelectric nanogenerators (iTENGs) and successfully tuned their degradation process in vivo by near-infrared (NIR) photothermal manipulation. The degradation can be triggered and come into effect within 12 h after NIR treatment. The output of the BD-iTENG can significantly accelerate fibroblast migration across the scratch and thus enhance tissue repair process. Display omitted
•We fabricated a serial of biodegradable (BD) iTENG whose in vivo degradation process can be rationally manipulated by the near-infrared (NIR) light.•The output of our BD-iTENG significantly accelerated the fibroblast cells migration across the scratch, suggesting a promising application for wound healing.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Wearable biosensors have gained huge interest due to their potential for real-time physiological information. The development of a non-invasive blood glucose device is of great interests for health ...monitoring in reducing the diabetes incidence. Here, we report a sandwich-structured biosensor that is designed for glucose levels detection by using sweat as the means of monitoring. The Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) were self-assembled on the electrode to improve the electrochemical performance and as the sensor unit, glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized by chitosan (CS) as the reaction catalysis unit, and finally encapsulated with Nafion to ensure a stable performance. As a result, the GOx/PBNPs/MWCNT-COOH sensor displays a low detection limit (7.0 μM), high sensitivity (11.87 μA mM
cm
), and excellent interference resistance for a full sweat glucose application range (0.0-1.0 mM) for both healthy individuals and diabetic patients. Additionally, the glucose sensor exhibits stable stability for two weeks and can be successfully applied to screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE), demonstrating its great potential for personalized medical detection and chronic disease management.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Flexible sensors are capable of converting multiple human physiological signals into electrical signals for various applications in clinical diagnostics, athletics, and human–machine interaction. ...High-performance flexible strain sensors are particularly desirable for sensitive, reliable, and long-term monitoring, but current applications are still constrained due to high response threshold, low recoverability properties, and complex preparation methods. In this study, we present a stable and flexible strain sensor by a cost-effective self-assemble approach that demonstrates remarkable sensitivity (2169), ultrafast response and recovery time (112 ms), and wide dynamic response range (0–50%), as confirmed in human pulse and human–computer interaction. These excellent performances can be attributed to the design of a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate integrated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphene nanosheets (GNFs), which results in high electrical conductivity. The MWCNT serves as a bridge, connecting the GNFs to create an efficient conductive path even under a strain of 50%. We also demonstrate the strain sensor’s capability in weak physiological signal pulse measurement and excellent resistance to mechanical fatigue. Moreover, the sensor shows diverse sensitivities in various tensile states with different signal patterns, making it highly suitable for full-range human monitoring and flexible wearable systems.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The liquid-like coating has high hardness, flexibility, and excellent dynamic omniphobic performance, with water and hexadecane achieving very low sliding angles.
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•The coating has ...excellent dynamic omniphobic performance, with water and hexadecane achieving sliding angles as low as 8.7° and 1.8° on its surface.•The coating transmittance of the coating was higher than 98.3%.•The coating achieves a hardness of 8H while maintaining a minimum bending radius of 3 mm.•The coating has excellent mechanical and chemical durability.
Dynamic omniphobic liquid-like anti-fouling coatings have a wide range of applications. However, designing dynamic omniphobic liquid coatings that are highly hard, flexible, and low-cost remains a challenge. In this study, low-cost hyperbranched epoxy resin (HEBP), hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer (HDIT), and mono-hydroxyl-terminated poly(dimethysilxane) (HO-PDMS) were used as polymer matrix. Through a copolymerization reaction, a highly cross-linked rigid oxazolidinone structure (OX) and liquid-like molecular coating were obtained. Meanwhile, this unique design endowed the coating with ultra-high hardness (8H), exceptional flexibility, extremely high transparency, and dynamic omniphobic anti-fouling properties. Moreover, the layer can withstand cycles of friction or bending and exhibits excellent chemical barrier properties. Overall, this coating can be easily prepared on a large scale and has broad application prospects in different fields such as solar panels, outdoor public facilities, and flexible display screens.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Current ear electrodes often require complex placing or long stimulation durations to achieve good detection of steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). To improve the practicability of ear ...electrode-based SSVEP-BCI (brain-computer interface) system, we developed a high-performance ear electrode that can be easily placed.
Hydrogel based disposable and replaceable semi-dry electrodes are developed to improve the contact impedance and wear feeling. The best combination of electrodes for SSVEP-BCI application around the ear is optimized by assessing the electrode on volunteers, and the performance of the electrode was compared with that of the occipital electrode.
The developed ear hydrogel electrode can achieve an impedance close to that of the wet electrode. Three combinations of ear electrode groups demonstrate high information transfer rate (ITR) and accuracy in SSVEP-BCI applications. According to the rating of the comprehensive assessment and BCI performance in the online session, the behind-aural electrode is the best electrode combination for recording SSVEP in the ear region. The average preparation time is the shortest, and the average impedance is the lowest. The ITR of the behind-aural electrode based SSVEP-BCI system can reach 37.5 ± 18 bits min
. The stimulus duration was as low as 3 s compared to 5 s or 10 s in other studies.
The accuracy, ITR, and wear feeling can be improved by introducing a semi-dry ear electrode and optimizing the position and the combination of ear electrode. By providing a better trade-off between performance and convenience, the ear electrode-based SSVEP-BCI promises to be used in daily life.
Flexible and wearable electronics has presented an opportunity to evolve our society into an intelligent world. Especially for biomechanical sensing and gesture recognition, wearable devices are ...quite indispensable. Here, we present a nestable arched triboelectric nanogenerator (NA-TENG), which can be wore on fingers, acting as a large deflection biomechanical sensor and energy harvester. With arched structure, the sensor can detect large bending angle of fingers with good stability. Meanwhile, the NA-TENG devices can be assembled like matryoshka, which greatly increases the extensibility for optimizing output performance of the NA-TENG, and provides a convenient method to regulate characteristics of TENG devices in wearable applications.
The Nestable Arched Triboelectric Nanogenerator (NA-TENG) is demonstrated to be a large angle deflection biomechanical sensor and it can be assembled like matryoshka which greatly increases the extensibility for optimizing output performance. The nestable TENG can be applied in the future wearable electronics and robots, where various ingenious gesture sensors can be fabricated to be wore on hands and be integrated in robotic arms more conveniently. Display omitted
•The nestable arched triboelectric nanogenerator can act as a large deflection biomechanical sensor and energy harvester.•The NA-TENG can detect large bending angle of joint activity, including finger, wrist elbow and so on.•The devices can be assembled like matryoshka to optimize output performance of the NA-TENG.•It can regulate characteristics of TENG type of devices in wearable applications in a convenient way.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of HRAS mRNA expression in cutaneous melanoma. Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive cancer with an increasing incidence. Few studies have focused ...on the transcriptional level of RAS isoforms (KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS) in cutaneous melanoma. To gain further insight into RAS isoforms at transcriptional level, we obtained the cutaneous melanoma data from cBioPortal and investigated the RAS mRNA expression levels in different stages of melanoma and evaluated their correlation with clinical characteristics and patients’ survival. Furthermore, we retrieved and analyzed the coexpression data and performed pathway enrichment analysis. Totally, 452 cutaneous melanoma cases were included in this study. We found that lower HRAS expression level was associated with longer patient survival. 206 genes that negatively correlated with HRAS expression were positively correlated with KRAS and NRAS expression. In contrast, no gene that positively correlated with HRAS expression was positively correlated with KRAS and NRAS expression. In conclusion, our data showed that transcriptional regulation was different for the three RAS isoforms in cutaneous melanoma. This study highlighted the prognostic value of HRAS mRNA expression and revealed that HRAS greatly differs from KRAS and NRAS at the transcriptional level.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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