► Microwave-assisted in situ growth of RGO-BiVO4 composite was proposed. ► A relatively small particle size with organic-additives free. ► Graphene was formed during the microwave-heating by oxygen ...capture. ► GB-2 sample exhibits the highest CIP degradation ratio (3 times over pure BiVO4). ► The enhancements of activities result from the effective charge separation.
To improve the photodegradation efficiency for ciprofloxacin (CIP), a new-type microwave-assisted in situ growth method is developed for the preparation of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) -BiVO4 composite photocatalysts. The as-produced RGO-BiVO4 composite photocatalysts show extremely high enhancement of CIP degradation ratio over the pure BiVO4 photocatalyst under visible light. Specially, the 2wt% RGO-BiVO4 composite photocatalyst exhibits the highest CIP degradation ratio (68.2%) in 60min, which is over 3 times than that (22.7%) of the pure BiVO4 particles. The enhancement of photocatalytic activities of RGO-BiVO4 photocatalysts can be attributed to the effective separation of electron–hole pairs rather than the improvement of light absorption.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Post-infarction cardiovascular remodeling and heart failure are the leading cause of myocardial infarction (MI)-driven death during the past decades. Experimental observations have involved ...intestinal microbiota in the susceptibility to MI in mice; however, in humans, identifying whether translocation of gut bacteria to systemic circulation contributes to cardiovascular events post-MI remains a major challenge.
Here, we carried out a metagenomic analysis to characterize the systemic bacteria in a cohort of 49 healthy control individuals, 50 stable coronary heart disease (CHD) subjects, and 100 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. We report for the first time higher microbial richness and diversity in the systemic microbiome of STEMI patients. More than 12% of post-STEMI blood bacteria were dominated by intestinal microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Streptococcus). The significantly increased product of gut bacterial translocation (LPS and D-lactate) was correlated with systemic inflammation and predicted adverse cardiovascular events. Following experimental MI, compromised left ventricle (LV) function and intestinal hypoperfusion drove gut permeability elevation through tight junction protein suppression and intestinal mucosal injury. Upon abrogation of gut bacterial translocation by antibiotic treatment, both systemic inflammation and cardiomyocyte injury in MI mice were alleviated.
Our results provide the first evidence that cardiovascular outcomes post-MI are driven by intestinal microbiota translocation into systemic circulation. New therapeutic strategies targeting to protect the gut barrier and eliminate gut bacteria translocation may reduce or even prevent cardiovascular events post-MI.
Background Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as sunitinib are multitarget antiangiogenic agents in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). They are widely used in the treatment of ...advanced/metastatic renal cancer. However, resistance to TKIs is common in the clinic, particularly after long-term treatment. YTHDC1 is the main nuclear reader protein that binds with m.sup.6A to regulate the splicing, export and stability of mRNA. However, the specific role and corresponding mechanism of YTHDC1 in renal cancer cells are still unclear. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to study the expression of YTHDC1 in ccRCC. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, Transwell and xenograft assays were applied to explore the biological function of YTHDC1 in ccRCC. Western blot, quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR), RNA immunoprecipitation PCR (RIP-qPCR), methylated RIP-qPCR (MeRIP-qPCR) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses were applied to study the YY1/HDAC2/YTHDC1/ANXA1 axis in renal cancer cells. The CCK-8 assay and xenograft assay were used to study the role of YTHDC1 in determining the sensitivity of ccRCC to sunitinib. Results Our results demonstrated that YTHDC1 is downregulated in ccRCC tissues compared with normal tissues. Low expression of YTHDC1 is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with ccRCC. Subsequently, we showed that YTHDC1 inhibits the progression of renal cancer cells via downregulation of the ANXA1/MAPK pathways. Moreover, we also showed that the YTHDC1/ANXA1 axis modulates the sensitivity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We then revealed that HDAC2 inhibitors resensitize ccRCC to tyrosine kinase inhibitors through the YY1/HDAC2 complex. We have identified a novel YY1/HDAC2/YTHDC1/ANXA1 axis modulating the progression and chemosensitivity of ccRCC. Conclusion We identified a novel YY1/HDAC2/YTHDC1/ANXA1 axis modulating the progression and chemosensitivity of ccRCC. Keywords: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, YTHDC1, ANXA1, HDAC2/YY1, Sunitinib
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The fatigue damage mechanical behaviours of rock joints under pre-peak cyclic shear loading are one of the key factors affecting the dynamic stability of slopes. In this study, the macro-meso fatigue ...damage mechanism of rock joints with multiscale asperities, when considerthe influence of the normal stress, shear rate, shear amplitude, first-order asperity angle, number of shear cycles and joint morphology, were investigated using experimental and numerical approaches under a constant normal load (CNL). The laboratory pre-peak cyclic shear experiments on the saw-tooth rock joints with different first-order asperity angles, i.e., 30°, 45° and 60°, and the same second-order asperity angle of 45°, were first conducted under different influence factors mentioned above. Six evolution stages of the shear stress with the shear displacement, i.e., initial nonlinear shear contraction deformation, approximate linear elastic shear dilation deformation, cyclic fatigue damage deformation, plastic deformation of the local compression-shear fracture, full plastic deformation of the stress brittle drop and ideal plastic flow deformation, were obtained. Additionally, the variation rules of the influence factors mentioned above with the peak (and residual) shear strengths and the cumulative shear (and normal) displacements were explored. Subsequently, the PFC2D discrete element method was used for the meso numerical simulations, in which the meso fatigue damage evolution processes of the saw-tooth and wavy rock joints were simulated considering more number of shear cycles. Meanwhile, the change rules of the meso fatigue damage crack number (and energy) with the shear displacement (and the number of cycles), and the distribution characteristics of the meso fatigue damage particles were observed. Based on the good agreement between the macro experimental results and the meso numerical observations, the macro-meso fatigue damage failure modes of rock joints can be generally summarized as three basic types, i.e., compacting – climbing failure mode, climbing – cyclic abrading – extruding – gnawing failure mode and gnawing – sliding failure mode.
•The macro-meso fatigue damage of saw-tooth rock joints with multiscale asperities under pre-peak cyclic shear is studied.•The shear deformation and strength characteristics are obtained.•The impact of normal stress, shear rate (amplitude), first-order asperity angle and cycle number on fatigue damage is probed.•The variation rules of meso fatigue damage crack number and energy are revealed.•The macro-meso fatigue damage evolution process and typical failure modes are discussed.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are multimeric nanostructures composed of one or more structural proteins of a virus in the absence of genetic material. Having similar morphology to natural viruses but ...lacking any pathogenicity or infectivity, VLPs have gradually become a safe substitute for inactivated or attenuated vaccines. VLPs can achieve tissue-specific targeting and complete and effective cell penetration. With highly ordered epitope repeats, VLPs have excellent immunogenicity and can induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In addition, as a type of nanocarrier, VLPs can be used to display antigenic epitopes or deliver small molecules. VLPs have thus become powerful tools for vaccinology and biomedical research. This review highlights the versatility of VLPs in antigen presentation, drug delivery, and vaccine technology.
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is one of the important factors in the pathophysiological process of animals. It is widely expressed in many tissues and organs of animals, showing its wide ...biological activity and potential application value. Previous research has demonstrated that GDF11 has a therapeutic effect on various diseases, such as anti-myocardial aging and anti-tumor. This has not only sparked intense interest and enthusiasm among academics but also spurred some for-profit businesses to attempt to develop GDF11 as a medication for regenerative medicine or anti-aging application. Currently, Sotatercept, a GDF11 antibody drug, is in the marketing application stage, and HS-235 and rGDF11 are in the preclinical research stage. Therefore, we believe that figuring out which cells GDF11 acts on and its current problems should be an important issue in the scientific and commercial communities. Only through extensive, comprehensive research and discussion can we better understand the role and potential of GDF11, while avoiding unnecessary risks and misinformation. In this review, we aimed to summarize the role of GDF11 in different cells and its current controversies and challenges, providing an important reference for us to deeply understand the function of GDF11 and formulate more effective treatment strategies in the future.
Electrospinning as a versatile, simple, and cost-effective method to engineer a variety of micro or nanofibrous materials, has contributed to significant developments in the biomedical field. ...However, the traditional electrospinning of single material only can produce homogeneous fibrous assemblies with limited functional properties, which oftentimes fails to meet the ever-increasing requirements of biomedical applications. Thus, multi-material electrospinning referring to engineering two or more kinds of materials, has been recently developed to enable the fabrication of diversified complex fibrous structures with advanced performance for greatly promoting biomedical development. This review firstly gives an overview of multi-material electrospinning modalities, with a highlight on their features and accessibility for constructing different complex fibrous structures. A perspective of how multi-material electrospinning opens up new opportunities for specific biomedical applications, i.e., tissue engineering and drug delivery, is also offered.
A comprehensive overview of multi-material electrospinning technologies that outperforms its single-material counterparts is presented, with a focus on their features and accessibility for constructing complex fibrous structures. Specifically, the recent progress of how to enhance the developments of tissue engineering and drug delivery applications is offered. Display omitted
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The assignment of tasks for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during forest fire reconnaissance is a highly complex and large-scale problem. Current task allocation methods struggle to strike a balance ...between solution speed and effectiveness. In this paper, a two-phase centralized UAV task assignment model based on expectation maximization (EM) clustering and the multidimensional knapsack model (MKP) is proposed for the forest fire reconnaissance task assignment. The fire situation information is acquired using the sensors carried by satellites at first. Then, the EM algorithm based on the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is applied to get the initial position of every UAV. In the end, the MKP is applied for UAV task assignment based on the initial positions of the UAVs. An improved genetic algorithm (GA) based on the fireworks algorithm (FWA) is proposed for faster iteration speed. A simulation was carried out against the background of forest fires in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and the simulation’s results demonstrate that the task assignment model can quickly and effectively address task allocation problems on a large scale. In addition, the FW–GA hybrid algorithm has great advantages over the traditional GA, particularly in solving time, iteration convergence speed, and solution effectiveness. It can reduce up to 556% of the iteration time and increase objective function value by 1.7% compared to the standard GA. Furthermore, compared to the GA–SA algorithm, its solving time is up to 60 times lower. This paper provides a new idea for future large-scale UAV task assignment problems.
A rapid solution method for spiral line and a one-dimensional (1-D) heat transfer calculation model for spiral regenerative cooling channels (RCCs) are proposed to clarify the influence of the helix ...angle on the heat transfer characteristics of spiral RCCs in thrust chambers. The method based on the projection principle is characterized by a simple model and the ability to generate variable helix angles spiral line. The calculation model is characterized by high accuracy, with coolant pressure drop errors of less than 5 % coolant and coolant temperature errors of less than 20 % compared to experimental data. Utilizing the calculation model, research on the heat transfer characteristics of RCCs with varying helix angles is conducted. Results indicate that the coolant temperature rise and pressure drop increase as the helix angle increases. The peak values of the gas-side wall temperature occur at the throat and the contraction section. The throat peak value decreases with an increase in the helix angle, while the contraction section peak value increases. When the helix angle is 30°, the two peak values are close as well as the highest gas-side wall temperature is minimized. The highest wall temperature is only 1111K. The research results can provide guidance for the design and processing of spiral RCCs.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PDF
