Introdução: Em virtude da ampla variedade de tratamentos farmacológicos de transtornos mentais, é cada vez mais comum pacientes que procuram tratamento odontológico fazerem uso contínuo de ...psicofármacos. O número de pessoas que utilizam antidepressivos tem crescido, e isso exige dos cirurgiões-dentistas atualização a respeito da interação entre essa classe de medicamentos e os fármacos usados na clínica odontológica, como anestésicos locais e vasoconstritores. Objetivo: Efetuar uma revisão de literatura sobre o tema. Revisão de literatura e conclusão: Os dados sugerem que vasoconstritores simpatomiméticos (adrenalina, noradrenalina e fenilefrina) associados a anestésicos locais podem potencializar os efeitos colaterais dos antidepressivos, principalmente tricíclicos e inibidores da MAO, sobre o sistema cardiovascular. Porém poucos são os estudos clínicos e pré-clínicos sobre o assunto; na sua maioria foram realizados entre as décadas de 1960 e 1980. Pesquisas atuais são necessárias, já que muitas drogas antidepressivas novas, com diferentes mecanismos de ação, foram lançadas no mercado e estão sendo usadas atualmente.
Introduction: Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in childhood and a major problem for world public healthcare. For dental caries onset, the presence of dental plaque is primordial, ...being plaque removal one of caries preventive measures. Children younger than 3 years old depend on adults for dental plaque controlling. Objective: To assess the quality of oral hygiene of children before and after a motivational program conducted with their caregivers. Material and methods: Twelve caregivers and 16 children (from 10 to 36 months old) entered the study. The children's oral hygiene quality was assessed with the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) of upper and lower incisors at baseline, 1 and 3 months after the instructional lecture on oral health given to the caregivers. Results: It was verified a statistical difference in OHI of upper/lower incisors between baseline and 3 months after the lecture. At 1-month assessment after the lecture, there was an improvement in OHI of the upper incisors. There was no statiscally significant difference between upper and lower incisors. All incisors OHI for the three assessments showed a statiscally significant difference between the groups at baseline and 1 month after the lecture, returning to the initial indexes after 3 months. Conclusion: Punctual health education activities are not effective. They need to be continuous to institute changes in behavior regarding oral health.
Introduction: Fluoride plays an important role in oral health promotion and is considered important in dental caries prevention both in children and adults. Fluoride is widely used at high-risk ...conditions of caries, when the use of fluoride-containing mouthwashes is recommended, considering that fluoride itself reduces the risk of dental caries. Objective: To evaluate the fluoride concentration in solutions prepared at different dispensing pharmacies in the city of Curitiba - PR, Brazil. Material and methods: The analysis of fluoride concentration was preformed through Ion Chromatography method (DIONEX). Results: The results obtained through this analysis showed that all solutions presented fluoride concentration above that required in the dentist's prescription, varying between 5.48% and 24.02% more fluoride, at absolute concentration. Conclusion: This finding highlights the increasing risk of fluoride acute intoxication in cases of accidental ingestion of the solution.
Introduction and objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in a group of school children in the city of Campo do Tenente (Parana, Brazil) in order to ...compare the mean fluoride concentration in public water supply and discuss the effective values for fluoridation of water supply, as well as, the need of control of fluoride concentration within the water consumed by population. Material and methods: Firstly, 362 children enrolled in regular public schools, at elementary level, were examined by a single researcher, previously calibrated for Dean's index application. From these, 90 children were affected by some degree of fluorosis, but only 40 returned the signed free and clarified consent form for participating in the research. Results: It was found that 42.5% of the children presented mild fluorosis and 32.5% moderate fluorosis. Moreover, it was observed that the average fluoride concentration in public water supply, in 2004, was 1.7 ppm of fluoride. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the need of a closer supervision of the city situation, by the inclusion of fluoridation external control and constant monitoring of the oral health status of the population.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children with headaches in a neuropediatric ambulatory.
Fifty patients between 4 ...and 18 years of age were examined: 31 had headaches (24 migraine, 4 tension type and 3 unspecific headache) and 19 formed the control group. The data collection was comprised of a structured questionnaire answered by the children's parents, and a subjective evaluation about the childrens emotional state. A specific questionnaire for TMD was applied, followed by a clinical dental examination of the children. As signs of TMD, mouth opening limitation, mandibular trajectory deviation in opening mouth, and joint noise were considered. As symptoms, pain on palpation of masseter and temporal muscles and on the poromandibular joint.
A significant increase in signs and symptoms of TMD was found in patients with headaches when compared to the control group. There was also a significant difference in signs and symptoms of TMD according to age (increased with age) and emotional state (tense>calm).
There is a higher frequency of TMD in pediatric patients with headaches; thus, it is important to look for TMD signs and symptoms in this population.
Traumatismo dentoalveolar na dentição decídua Losso, Estela Maris; Tavares, Maria Cristina dos Reis; Bertoli, Fernanda Mara de Paiva ...
Revista Sul-Brasileira de odontologia,
01/2011, Volume:
8, Issue:
1
Journal Article
The treatment of children presenting dental trauma in the primary dentition requires a different approach from that used in the permanent dentition, because there is a very close relation between the ...apex of the traumatized primary tooth and the successor permanent bud. The possible consequences on the permanent teeth should be considered when performing early treatment in order to prevent further damage. Also, the probable trauma's late sequelae should be taken into account both for primary and permanent dentition. Given the subject's importance, this chapter aimed to report this issue broadly. This comprises the anamnesis, general, intraoral, and radiographic examination and the comprehensive treatment of the patient. Additionally to the classification of dental injuries, we highlighted the diagnosis, required treatment, prognosis, and follow-up of each clinical situation. A topic on soft tissue lesion was included, because it has a great impact on both the child and family. Moreover, it could be associated with other trauma types. Since the analysis of the child's vaccination status is suggested, in face of cases demanding that tetanus vaccine be valid, the recommendation of the Brazilian Ministry of Health was also informed. Furthermore, there is an item on dental splinting, parenting advice, and trauma consequences on primary and successor permanent teeth. At the end of the chapter, two tables summarize the early and delayed treatment of trauma involving primary tooth's enamel, dentin, pulp, and supportive tissues.
Introdução: Erosão dentária é a perda irreversível dos tecidos dentários duros causada por ácidos e/ou quelação química sem envolvimento bacteriano. Vários estudos mostraram que há um aumento de sua ...prevalência em crianças, jovens e adultos e associam a erosão dentária ao consumo de bebidas ácidas, incluindo sucos de fruta industrializados. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o pH, a capacidade de tamponamento (CT) e a quantidade de carboidratos totais e de sacarose em 15 sucos de fruta light ou “zero açúcar”. Material e métodos: O pH foi verificado com auxílio de um potenciômetro Mettler Toledo 320. A CT foi estipulada por titulometria, gotejando-se NaOH 0,1 N em amostras de cada suco até que o pH delas atingisse 7,0. Os carboidratos totais foram determinados pelo método do fenolsulfúrico, e a sacarose, incubando-se cada amostra de bebida com a enzima invertase. Resultados: O valor médio de pH encontrado foi de 2,61 (±0,29). Os sucos analisados necessitaram, em média, de 6,2 mL (±1,9) de NaOH 0,1N para elevar o pH até 7,0. Os carboidratos totais observados nas análises foram condizentes com os valores descritos nas embalagens. O conteúdo de sacarose verificado em cada bebida foi muito pequeno e variou de 0,60 a 0,93 g / 200 mL. Conclusão: Este estudo mostrou que as 15 bebidas avaliadas tinham pH extremamente baixo e potencial erosivo, uma vez que a maioria dos sucos apresentou alta capacidade de tamponamento. A quantidade de sacarose presente em cada bebida é muito pequena, sugerindo que não são cariogênicas. Entretanto são necessários estudos futuros que demonstrem a ação dessas bebidas sobre a superfície dentária.
Introduction: Since there is a vast variety of pharmacological treatments for mental conditions, it has been increasingly more common that patients seeking dentistry treatment are continually using ...psychoactive drugs as antidepressants. The number of people taking antidepressants is increasing; consequently, dentists should update their knowledge on the interaction between this drug class and those used in dental daily practice, such as local anesthetics and vasoconstrictors. Objective: To conduct a literature review on this subject. Literature review and conclusion: Literature data suggest that sympathomimetic vasoconstrictors (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and phenylephrine) associated with local anesthetics may potentiate the side effects of antidepressants, particularly tricyclics and MAO inhibitors, on the cardiovascular system. There are few clinical trials and preclinical studies on this subject, and most of them were carried out between the 60s and 80s. Current studies are needed, since many new antidepressant drugs with different mechanisms of action are currently marketed and being used.
Introdução e objetivo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo abordaraspectos relacionados às disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM) emcrianças, como etiologia, diagnóstico e tratamento, ressaltando ...aimportância do diagnóstico correto, uma vez que esses pacientes estãoem fase de crescimento e de desenvolvimento facial. Revisão deliteratura: As DTMs apresentam vários problemas clínicos queenvolvem os músculos da mastigação, articulação temporomandibulare estruturas adjacentes. Em crianças os sintomas dessa síndrome estãopresentes porém com menor intensidade quando comparadas aosadultos. Quanto à prevalência há uma grande discordância entre os autores. As DTMs em crianças possuem etiologia multifatorial, e osfatores mais citados são hábitos parafuncionais, traumas, fatoresoclusais, sistêmicos e psicológicos. Conclusão: Os sinais e sintomasde DTMs em populações pediátricas são geralmente suaves eaumentam com a idade, sendo de grande importância o diagnósticoprecoce e a inclusão desse tipo de exame em consultas de rotina.
PDF