The prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) increases during adolescence and adulthood. Few studies have examined TMD prevalence in Brazilian adolescents.
To investigate ...the prevalence of TMD in Brazilian adolescents.
A representative population-based sample of 934 adolescents (10-14-years-old) was examined. TMD screening was performed using a questionnaire by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. TMD diagnoses used research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD-Axis-I). Examinations were performed by a single calibrated examiner (kappa > 0.80).
The prevalence of TMD symptoms was 34.9%; the most frequently reported symptoms were headache and neck ache (20.9%), followed by joint sounds (18.5%). Myofascial pain was the most prevalent type (10.3%), followed by disc displacement with reduction (8.0%) and arthralgia (3.5%). There was a significant association between sex and TMD symptoms; prevalence was significantly higher in girls (RP = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.14-1.65; p = 0.001). Myofascial pain of TMD and displacement with reduction were more prevalent in girls (RP = 1.76; p = 0.007 and RP = 2.06; p = 0.004, respectively).
TMD symptoms were present in 34.9% of adolescents, with myofascial pain being the most prevalent type (10.3%). TMD was significantly more common in girls. Routine pediatric dental care should include a TMD screening.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Few studies have evaluated the oral health status of children with a history of maltreatment.
Aim
This case–control study evaluated oral health in children who were victims of abuse and in ...child protective services in Curitiba, Brazil.
Design
One hundred twenty‐two children who were victims of abuse and 240 children with no history of abuse (mean ages, 8.56 and 8.24 years, respectively) were included in the study. Dental caries were assessed according to the Decayed, Missing, or Filled Teeth index (dmft index and DMFT index) by two calibrated examiners. The presence of anterior open bite and posterior crossbite was recorded. Data were analyzed using bivariate and adjusted odds ratios using a multivariate logistic regression model analyses.
Results
In the case group, we found a higher DMFT index (P < 0.001) and a significantly higher prevalence of missing primary teeth (P = 0.04), untreated decayed permanent teeth (P < 0.001), filled permanent teeth (P < 0.001), and anterior open bite (P = 0.04). Children who were victims of abuse presented an odds ratio of 6.48 (95% CI: 3.52–11.95) for caries in permanent teeth and an odds ratio of 2.28 (95% CI: 1.04–4.99) for open bite.
Conclusion
Victims of child abuse had a worse oral health status, demonstrating the need to establish special policies for oral healthcare for this population.
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare trait anxiety and dental anxiety among children, adolescents and their parents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted ...involving 100 patients from the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the Federal University of Parana (Brazil) between the ages of 8 and 17 years (mean age: 10.3; standard deviation: 2.03) and their parents, who responded to Corah′s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and the Trait Anxiety Scale. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, analysis of variance and both Pearson′s and Spearman′s correlation coefficients. Results: Ninety percent of children and adolescents and 76% of the parents had moderate anxiety based on the DAS score. Seventy-four percent of children and adolescents and 72% of the parents had moderate anxiety based on the Trait Anxiety Scale score. The trait anxiety and dental anxiety scores were correlated among the adults (rs = 0.64) and children (r = 0.52), whereas no correlation between scores was found among the adolescents. Associations were also found between children′s trait anxiety and the dental and trait anxiety of their parents (both r = 0.43). Conclusions: A moderate degree of dental anxiety was prevalent among the children, adolescents and parents who took part in this investigation, with correlations demonstrated between some trait anxiety and dental anxiety scores.
Summary
Background
Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) is a multifactorial condition, which could be associated to occlusal and psychological factors, such as anxiety.
Objective
Investigate if anxiety ...and malocclusion are associated with the prevalence of TMD in adolescents.
Methods
To ensure a population‐based representative sample, 934 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years old from Curitiba‐PR, Brazil were randomly selected and examined according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and malocclusion by a single‐calibrated examiner (Kappa > 0.80). Anxiety was assessed according to trait anxiety (STAI‐T), categorised as high, moderate and low levels. For occlusal exam, it was considered: Angel's molar relationship, anterior and posterior crossbite, excessive overjet, open and deep bite. The associations were analysed by the crude and adjusted prevalence ration (RPa) of TMJ, calculated by a Poisson multivariate regression with robust variance (α = 0.05).
Results
The prevalence of at least one type of malocclusion was found in 52.3%. Anxiety was found in high level (12.2%), moderate (70.4%) and low (17.5%). Presence of high anxiety was significantly associated with the prevalence of TMD symptoms (RPa = 4.06, P < 0.001), as well as the prevalence of myofascial pain (RPa = 24.78; P < 0.001) and prevalence of disc displacement with reduction (RPa = 11.08, P < 0.001). Adolescents Class II had higher prevalence of myofascial pain (Class II RPa = 1.73; P < 0.015) than adolescents Class I. Adolescents Class III presented higher prevalence of myofascial pain (PRa 2.53; P = 0.004) than adolescents Class I.
Conclusion
Anxiety is strongly associated with TMD in adolescents. Presence of Class II or III is associated with higher prevalence of myofascial pain in adolescentsPLESAE check and approve the edit made in the article title.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
To report a rare case of a lateral frenum hypertrophy in an infant, this paper describes the case of a girl who came to a first dental appointment when she was 4 months old. A hypertrophic lateral ...frenum in the upper left canine region was detected. A great depression in the gingival rodet separated the anterior maxillary segment from the posterior one and also decreased the lip mobility in this region. A frenectomy was performed when the patient was 11 months old and the clinical follow-up was done up to the age of 30 months. There was normalization in the vestibular insertion of the lateral frenum, lip mobility, physiological development of the maxilla, and eruption of the upper incisors, canines, and first primary molars. Infants should go to a dental examination precociously in order to detect possible congenital and development alterations.
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This study sought to validate the Portuguese translation of a questionnaire on maltreatment of children and adolescents, developed by Russell et al. and to test its psychometric properties for use in ...Brazil. The original questionnaire was translated into Portuguese using a standardized forward-backward linguistic translation method. Both face and content validity were tested in a small pilot study (n = 8). In the main study, a convenience sample of 80 graduate dentistry students with different specialties, from Curitiba, PR, Brazil, were invited to complete the final Brazilian version of the questionnaire. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparing the results obtained from the questionnaire for different specialties (pediatric dentistry, for example). The respondents completed the questionnaire again after 4 weeks to evaluate test-retest reliability. The comparison of test versus retest questionnaire answers showed good agreement (kappa > 0.53, intraclass correlation > 0.84) for most questions. In regard to discriminant validity, a statistically significant difference was observed only in the experience and interest domains, in which pediatric dentists showed more experience with and interest in child abuse compared with dentists of other specialties (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.05). The Brazilian version of the questionnaire was valid and reliable for assessing knowledge regarding child abuse by Portuguese-speaking dentists.
Case Report. An 8-year-old girl with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) reported unsatisfactory aesthetics, difficulty in mastication, and dental hypersensitivity. The intraoral examination observed mixed ...dentition, malocclusion in anteroposterior relationships, anterior open bite, and dental asymmetry. A hypoplastic form of AI was diagnosed in the permanent dentition. A multidisciplinary planning was performed and divided into preventive, orthopedic, and rehabilitation stages. Initially, preventive treatment was implemented, with fluoride varnish applications, in order to protect the fragile enamel and reduce the dental sensitivity. In the second stage, the patient received an interceptive orthopedic treatment to improve cross-relationship of the arches during six months. Finally, the rehabilitation treatment was executed to establish the vertical dimension. In the posterior teeth, indirect composite resin crowns were performed with minimally invasive dental preparation. Direct composite resin restorations were used to improve the appearance of anterior teeth. Follow-Up. The follow-up was carried out after 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. After 18 months of follow-up, The restoration of integrity, oral hygiene, and patient satisfaction were observed . Conclusion. Successful reduction of the dental hypersensitivity and improvement of the aesthetic and functional aspects as well as quality of life were observed.
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a condition, in which multiple factors act synergistically to determine the outcome of the disorder.
Aim
A systematic review and meta‐analysis was ...conducted to evaluate the association between genetic polymorphisms in catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) and TMD.
Design
Observational studies that investigated this association were included. The risk of bias and study quality were evaluated according to the Newcastle‐Ottawa tool. The meta‐analysis was performed for each polymorphism associated with TMD signs and symptoms.
Results
A total of 1903 articles were identified. Ten remained in the qualitative analysis: six were classified as low risk of bias and four with moderate risk of bias, and three were included in the meta‐analysis. The polymorphism rs6269, in the genotypic model (0.65; CI = 0.44‐0.97; P = .04) and in the allelic model (0.73; CI = 0.54‐0.98; P = .04), was associated with myofascial pain. The rs9332377 was associated with myofascial pain in the genotypic model (2.69; CI = 1.51‐4.76; P = .0007) and in the allelic model (1.46; CI = 1.01‐2.13; P = .05) and with painful TMD in the genotypic model (2.08; CI = 1.27‐3.40; P = .004) and in the allelic model (1.34 CI = 0.98‐1.82; P = .06).
Conclusion
The polymorphisms in COMT were significantly associated with TMD.
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Violence against children and adolescents is a public health issue worldwide that threatens physical and mental wellbeing and causes irreparable harm. Reports on this violence are an essential way to ...prevent it and to protect the children and adolescents. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of physical injuries that occur in domestic environments and reported to the Child and Adolescent Protection Network. This retrospective study was conducted at the Epidemiology Center of the Municipality of Curitiba. A total of 10,483 reports for the years 2010 (5,112) and 2011 (5,371) were analyzed and from them were selected reports of physical injuries that occurred in the family environment. The children and adolescents were 0-17 years old, comprising 322 cases of physical abuse within the family in 2010. Out of these, 57.1% were male and 42.9% were female, and 58% (187) presented head and neck injuries. There were 342 reports in 2011, 49% were male and 51% were female; head and neck injuries corresponded to 65% (222) of the reported cases. The prevalence of injuries increased by 6% and head and neck injury increased by 19% between 2010 and 2011. It may be concluded that physical abuse is associated with a high prevalence of head and neck injury, which is easily observed by the health and education professionals. Notification organs should be created in Brazilian hospitals and health centers, which is essential to conduct epidemiological surveillance and appropriate policies.
A violência contra crianças e adolescentes é um grave problema mundial e de saúde pública, que ameaça o bem estar físico e mental, deixando sequelas irreparáveis. A notificação desta violência permite sua prevenção e proteção das crianças e adolescentes. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de lesões na região de cabeça e pescoço contra crianças e adolescentes, bem como caracterizar o tipo das lesões, o agressor e unidades notificadoras. Essa pesquisa retrospectiva foi realizada no Centro de Epidemiologia da Prefeitura Municipal de Curitiba. Um total de 10.483 notificações dos anos de 2010 (5.112) e 2011 (5.371) foi analisado, para compor a amostra das lesões físicas ocorridas no ambiente intrafamiliar, na faixa etária de 0 a 17 anos de idade. Em 2010, a frequência de abuso físico intrafamiliar foi de 322 casos. Destas, 57,1% eram do sexo masculino e 42,9% do sexo feminino, e 58% (187) delas tiveram lesões em cabeça e pescoço. No ano de 2011 foram 342 notificações, sendo que 49% eram do sexo masculino e 51% do sexo feminino e as lesões em cabeça e pescoço corresponderam a 65% (222) dos casos notificados. Houve aumento na prevalência de 6% das lesões físicas e 19% das lesões na região de cabeça e pescoço, do ano de 2010 para 2011. Conclui-se que é alta a prevalência de lesões na região de cabeça e pescoço, áreas facilmente observadas pelo profissional de saúde e da educação. A criação de órgãos notificadores em hospitais e unidades de saúde é fundamental para a vigilância epidemiológica e para definição de políticas adequadas.
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