We study hydrodynamic phonon heat transport in two-dimensional (2D) materials. Starting from the Peierls-Boltzmann equation with the Callaway model approximation, we derive a 2D Guyer-Krumhansl-like ...equation describing hydrodynamic phonon transport, taking into account the quadratic dispersion of flexural phonons. In addition to Poiseuille flow, second sound propagation, the equation predicts heat current vortices and negative non-local thermal conductance in 2D materials, which are common in classical fluids but have not yet been considered in phonon transport. Our results also illustrate the universal transport behaviors of hydrodynamics, independent of the type of quasi-particles and their microscopic interactions.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study was to investigate the effects of ammonia and manganese in the metabolism of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). A total of 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four subgroups: ...chronic hyperammonemia (CHA), chronic hypermanganese (CHM), MHE and control group (CON). 1H-NMR-based metabolomics was used to detect the metabolic changes. Sparse projection to latent structures discriminant analysis was used for identifying and comparing the key metabolites. Significant elevated blood ammonia were shown in the CHA, CHM, and MHE rats. Significant elevated brain manganese (Mn) were shown in the CHM, and MHE rats, but not in the CHA rats. The concentrations of γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), lactate, alanine, glutamate, glutamine, threonine, and phosphocholine were significantly increased, and that of myo-inositol, taurine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, and citrulline were significantly decreased in the MHE rats. Of all these 13 key metabolites, 10 of them were affected by ammonia (including lactate, alanine, glutamate, glutamine, myo-inositol, taurine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, and citrulline) and 5 of them were affected by manganese (including GABA, lactate, myo-inositol, taurine, and leucine). Enrichment analysis indicated that abnormal metabolism of glutamine and TCA circle in MHE might be affected by the ammonia, and abnormal metabolism of GABA might be affected by the Mn, and abnormal metabolism of glycolysis and branched chain amino acids metabolism might be affected by both ammonia and Mn. Both ammonia and Mn play roles in the abnormal metabolism of MHE. Chronic hypermanganese could lead to elevated blood ammonia. However, chronic hyperammonemia could not lead to brain Mn deposition.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Emergency response decision-making for maritime accidents needs to consider the possible consequences and scenarios of an accident to develop an effective emergency response strategy to reduce the ...severity of the accident. This paper proposes a novel machine learning-based methodology for predicting accident scenarios and analysing its factors to assist emergency response decision-making from an emergency rescue perspective. Specifically, the accident data used are collected from maritime accident investigation reports, and then two types of decision tree (DT) algorithms, classification and regression tree (CART) and random forest (RF), are used to develop scenario prediction models for three accident consequences including ship damage, casualty, and environmental damage. The hyper-parameters of these two DT algorithms are optimized using two state-of-the-art optimization algorithms, namely random search (RS) and Bayesian optimization (BO), respectively, aiming to obtain the prediction model with the highest accuracy. Experimental results reveal that BO-RF algorithm produces the best accuracy as compared to others. In addition, an analysis of feature importance shows that the number of people involved in an accident is the most important driving factor affecting the final accident scenario. Finally, decision rules are generated from the obtained optimal prediction model, which can provide decision support for emergency response decisions.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Left ventricular stroke work per unit myocardium (LVSWM) and cardiac power output per unit myocardium (CPOM) are important measures of myocardial workload. The sex differences in the myocardial ...workload and its correlation with blood pressure remain largely unclear.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the sex differences in LVSWM and CPOM, and to relate them to blood pressure in a cohort of apparently healthy adults.
The LVSWM and CPOM were estimated in 596 age- and heart rate-matched apparently healthy adults (298 men) using transthoracic echocardiography combined with cuff-measured brachial blood pressure. The data were compared between sexes, and the sex differences in LVSWM and CPOM were related to blood pressure.
After adjustment for the blood pressure, the LVSWM and CPOM were higher in women than in men 75.0 (73.7-76.4) vs 64.9 (63.5-66.2) cJ/100g for LVSWM, and 912.4 (894.1-930.6) vs 780.2 (762.0-798.5) milliwatt/100g for CPOM, respectively; all P<0.001. After adjustment for the LVSWM and CPOM, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 7.4 mm Hg and 5.2 mm Hg higher in men than in women, respectively (all P<0.001).
For any given blood pressure, the workload per unit myocardium is higher in apparently healthy women than in their male counterparts. A sex-specific definition of normal blood pressure with a relatively lower threshold for women can minimize the sex differences in the myocardial workload, which might reduce the potentially comparatively higher risk of heart failure in women.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To expand the application of light‐weight and high‐strength polymer matrix composites in the fields of aerospace, shipbuilding and transportation, it has designed and fabricated a new‐type carbon ...fiber fabric/hollow glass beads/epoxy resin (CFF/HGB/EP) composite with a three‐layer sandwich structure, consisting of an upper composite layer (CFF/EP), core layer (HGB/EP) and lower composite layer (CFF/EP). The effects of the CFF/EP layer and the HGB content on the sandwich composites were explored through a systematic investigation of the mechanical properties and microstructure. The results indicate that the density of the sandwich composite can be reduced to 0.83 g cm−3, while the flexural, impact, and tensile strength of the sandwich composite can be increased by 227%, 156%, and 118% compared with pure epoxy resin, respectively. The great improvement of mechanical properties of the sandwich composite makes its application in various industries more promising.
Designed and fabricated a new type of light‐weight and high‐strength carbon fiber/hollow glass beads/epoxy resin sandwich composite laminates.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
A new noncentrosymmetric strontium borate, P1‐Sr2B5O8(OH)2 ⋅ B(OH)3 ⋅ H2O (1), has been synthesized under the hydrothermal condition. The P1‐Sr2B5O8(OH)2 ⋅ B(OH)3 ⋅ H2O shows a layered B−O network ...with 9‐ring windows in the ab plane. Sr2+ cations, H3BO3, and H2O molecules are located in the voids of layers and interlayers, respectively. The P1‐Sr2B5O8(OH)2 ⋅ B(OH)3 ⋅ H2O is the first synthetic phase of veatchite, while the other three polymorphs are found in different natural minerals. This strontium borate is a potential deep‐ultraviolet‐transparent nonlinear‐optical (NLO) crystal whose second‐harmonic‐generation (SHG) intensity is 1.7 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP) and is phase‐matchable. The short wavelength cutoff edge of compound 1 is below 190 nm. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the B−O units are responsible for the nonlinear optical property.
A new acentric strontium borate, P1‐Sr2B5O8(OH)2 ⋅ B(OH)3 ⋅ H2O, has been synthesized under the hydrothermal condition. This strontium borate is a potential deep‐ultraviolet‐transparent nonlinear‐optical crystal with short wavelength cutoff edge below 190 nm, and large second‐harmonic‐generation response (1.7×KH2PO4).
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit various roles in multiple biological processes and abnormal expression of miR‐182‐5p has been involved in many diseases. However, the role miR‐182‐5p in Atherosclerosis ...(AS) remains poorly understood. In our current investigation, an AS model was established by using oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) in RAW264.7 cells. miR‐182‐5p was markedly decreased in AS model dose‐dependently and time‐dependently. Additionally, CD36, oil‐red staining levels, TC, and TG were inhibited by miR‐182‐5p mimics, meanwhile ROS levels, MDA, and cell apoptosis were also restrained with an enhancement of SOD activity. Consistently, opposite results were exhibited when miR‐182‐5p inhibitors were transfected into RAW264.7 cells. It is well known that toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) is responsible for many inflammation diseases. By using bioinformatics analysis, TLR4 was indicated as a potential target of miR‐182‐5p. We observed TLR4 was activated in AS models and miR‐182‐5p could repress AS progression by targeting TLR4 in vitro. In conclusion, we uncovered that miR‐182‐5p played significant roles in AS through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via inactivating TLR4 expression.
Our study indicated a crucial role of miR‐182‐5p in AS development. TLR4 was shown as a target of miR‐182‐5p. We demonstrated that miR‐182‐5p can be identified as an inhibitor of AS via inactivating TLR4 pathway.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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•Driving factors for TP in 270 surface sediments of 83 Chinese lakes were studied.•TP content in surface sediments of urban lakes was higher than that in rural lakes.•Mitigation ...measures have contributed 59.0% to the variation of sediment TP in lakes.•For the first time we found mitigation measures dominate variation of sediment TP.
In contrast to instantaneous concentration of phosphorus in water columns, sediments record valuable information on occurrence and sources of phosphorus for a long period associated with human activities and environmental protection. However, much less attention has been paid to phosphorus in sediments. To date the relative contributions of driving factors for TP concentration in sediments has not been elucidated. We investigated the occurrence and driving factors for TP in 270 surface sediments of 83 lakes in the catchments of two large rivers (Yangtze River and Huaihe River) in China, identified the relative contributions of the driving factors, and discussed the implication. The average TP concentration in the surface sediments of these lakes was 0.82 ± 0.04 mg gdw−1. The average TP concentration in the surface sediments of the urban lakes was larger than that in the rural lakes. Mitigation measures, human activities, and lake characteristics contributed 59.0%, 20.5%, and 20.5% to the variation in sediment TP concentration. The average TP concentration in the surface sediments significantly decreased with the percentage of annual investment in pollution control to GDP of the cities where the lakes are located. For the first time we find mitigation measures have exceeded human activities, and lake characteristics to dominate the variation in TP concentration in surface sediments of Chinese lakes. Given the annual investment in pollution control only accounted for 1.14% ± 0.06% of GDP in China from 1991 to 2018, higher percentage would be beneficial to reduce TP concentration in sediments of Chinese lakes.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Rad transition: The combination of transition‐metal‐catalyzed CH activation and a NHPI‐initiated radical process is essential for the title transformation. The neutral conditions and the ideal ...oxidant, molecular oxygen, make this hydroxylation environmentally friendly and practical. NHPI=N‐hydroxyphthalimide.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this work, silicone polymer (PSOL)/carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy (EP) composites were prepared by introducing PSOL as interfacial modifiers into CF/EP composites. The mechanical and dynamic mechanical ...properties of the composites were investigated, and the optimum content of the PSOL modification was obtained. The impact of EP on the wettability of CF was compared before and after adding PSOL. The micromorphology of CF/EP composites was also observed. The consequences demonstrate that the interfacial bonding ability between CF and matrix was improved after adding PSOL. The interlaminar shear strength, tensile strength, elongation at break and flexural strength of PSOL/CF/EP composites were increased by 23.28%, 18.49%, 38.45% and 11.23%, respectively. Furthermore, the original thermal stability of the composite was preserved after the modification of PSOL.
The mechanical properties of silicone polymer modified carbon fiber/epoxy composites.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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![Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/0947-6539/small "Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅ H2O: A Strontium Borate That Shows Deep‐Ultraviolet‐Transparent Nonlinear Optical Properties")
