Abstract
Background
Imaging data contains a substantial amount of information which can be difficult to evaluate by eye. With the expansion of high throughput microscopy methodologies producing ...increasingly large datasets, automated and objective analysis of the resulting images is essential to effectively extract biological information from this data. CellProfiler is a free, open source image analysis program which enables researchers to generate modular pipelines with which to process microscopy images into interpretable measurements.
Results
Herein we describe CellProfiler 4, a new version of this software with expanded functionality. Based on user feedback, we have made several user interface refinements to improve the usability of the software. We introduced new modules to expand the capabilities of the software. We also evaluated performance and made targeted optimizations to reduce the time and cost associated with running common large-scale analysis pipelines.
Conclusions
CellProfiler 4 provides significantly improved performance in complex workflows compared to previous versions. This release will ensure that researchers will have continued access to CellProfiler’s powerful computational tools in the coming years.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor with most occurring in the distal extremities of adult patients. It has a high rate of local recurrence and a low rate of metastasis. ...Because it may appear benign on clinical examination, and because the microscopic features are generally underrecognized, it is often inadequately treated and misdiagnosed. In this review, based upon experience and that of the literature, the intent is to highlight salient clinicopathologic features, detail the broad microscopic spectrum including high-grade aggressive variants, review the molecular features, and discuss its relation to hemosiderotic fibrolipomatous tumor.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare neoplasm of mature histiocytes with an aggressive clinical course that can arise de novo or from a low-grade B-cell lymphoma. In particular, chronic lymphocytic ...leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma is a very common malignancy in the Western hemisphere, and most cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma have an indolent course and behavior. However, 2% to 8% of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma cases transform. Histiocytic sarcomatous transformation is rare and portends poor prognosis.
To review the clinical features, morphology, and key points related to the differential diagnosis for histiocytic sarcoma. We discuss recent understanding of the biology underlying transformation.
University of Michigan case and review of pertinent literature about histiocytic sarcoma and morphologic differential diagnosis.
Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare histiocytic neoplasm that can arise as a result of transdifferentiation from low-grade B-cell lymphomas, and has a wide differential diagnosis including other histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms, myeloid neoplasms, lymphomas, melanoma, and carcinoma. However, some key morphologic and immunohistochemical features allow for accurate classification.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Skull base meningiomas are surgically challenging tumors due to the intricate skull base anatomy and the proximity of cranial nerves and critical cerebral vasculature. Many studies have reported ...outcomes after primary resection of skull base meningiomas; however, little is known about outcomes after reoperation for recurrent skull base meningiomas. Since reoperation is one treatment option for patients with recurrent meningioma, the authors sought to define the risk profile for reoperation of skull base meningiomas.
A retrospective review of 2120 patients who underwent resection of meningiomas between 1985 and 2016 was conducted. Clinical information was extracted from the medical records, radiology data, and pathology data. All records of patients with recurrent skull base meningiomas were reviewed. Demographic data, presenting symptoms, surgical management, outcomes, and complications data were collected. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate survival after reoperation. Logistic regression was used to evaluate for risk factors associated with complications.
Seventy-eight patients underwent 100 reoperations for recurrent skull base meningiomas. Seventeen patients had 2 reoperations, 3 had 3 reoperations, and 2 had 4 or more reoperations. The median age at diagnosis was 52 years, and 64% of patients were female. The median follow-up was 8.5 years. Presenting symptoms included cranial neuropathy, headache, seizure, proptosis, and weakness. The median time from initial resection to first reoperation was 4.4 years and 4.1 years from first to second reoperation. Seventy-two percent of tumors were WHO grade I, 22% were WHO grade II, and 6% were WHO grade III. The sphenoid wing was the most common location (31%), followed by cerebellopontine angle (14%), cavernous sinus (13%), olfactory groove (12%), tuberculum sellae (12%), and middle fossa floor (5%). Forty-four (54%) tumors were ≥ 3 cm in maximum diameter at the time of the first reoperation. In 100 reoperations, 60 complications occurred in 30 cases. Twenty of the 60 complications required surgical intervention (33%). Complications included hydrocephalus (12), CSF leak/pseudomeningocele (11), wound infection (9), postoperative hematoma (4), venous infarction (1), and pneumocephalus (1). Postoperative neurological deficits included new or worsened cranial nerve deficits (10) and hemiparesis (3). There were no perioperative deaths in this series. On multivariate analysis, posterior fossa location was significantly associated with complications (OR 3.45, p = 0.0472). The 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival rates according to Kaplan-Meier analysis after the first reoperation were 94%, 92%, 88%, and 76%, respectively. The median survival after the first reoperation was 17 years.
Recurrent skull base meningiomas are surgically challenging tumors, and reoperation is associated with high morbidity and complication rates. Despite these cautionary data, repeat resection of recurrent skull base meningiomas in appropriately selected patients provides excellent long-term survival.
An increasing proportion of patients (> 30%) with node-positive breast cancer will obtain an axillary pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). If sentinel node (SN) biopsy ...(SNB) is accurate in this setting, completion node dissection (CND) morbidity could be avoided.
In the prospective multicentric SN FNAC study, patients with biopsy-proven node-positive breast cancer (T0-3, N1-2) underwent both SNB and CND. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) use was mandatory, and SN metastases of any size, including isolated tumor cells (ypN0i+, ≤ 0.2 mm), were considered positive. The optimal SNB identification rate (IR) ≥ 90% and false-negative rate (FNR) ≤ 10% were predetermined.
From March 2009 to December 2012, 153 patients were accrued to the study. The SNB IR was 87.6% (127 of 145; 95% CI, 82.2% to 93.0%), and the FNR was 8.4% (seven of 83; 95% CI, 2.4% to 14.4%). If SN ypN0(i+)s had been considered negative, the FNR would have increased to 13.3% (11 of 83; 95% CI, 6.0% to 20.6%). There was no correlation between size of SN metastases and rate of positive non-SNs. Using this method, 30.3% of patients could potentially avoid CND.
In biopsy-proven node-positive breast cancer after NAC, a low SNB FNR (8.4%) can be achieved with mandatory use of IHC. SN metastases of any size should be considered positive. The SNB IR was 87.6%, and in the presence of a technical failure, axillary node dissection should be performed. We recommend that SN evaluation with IHC be further evaluated before being included in future guidelines on the use of SNB after NAC in this setting.
Extracranial meningioma metastases are uncommon, occurring in less than 1% of patients diagnosed with meningioma. Due to the rarity of meningioma metastases, patients are not routinely screened for ...distant disease. In this series, we report their experience with meningioma metastases and results of screening for metastases in select patients with recurrent meningiomas.
All patients undergoing resection or stereotactic radiosurgery for primary or recurrent meningioma from 2009 to 2017 at a single center were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients who were diagnosed with or underwent imaging to evaluate for systemic metastases. Imaging to evaluate for metastases was performed with CT scanning of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis or whole-body PET/CT using either FDG or 68Ga-DOTA-octreotate (DOTATATE) tracers in 28 patients. Indications for imaging were symptomatic lesions concerning for metastasis or asymptomatic screening in patients with greater than 2 recurrences being evaluated for additional treatment.
Of 1193 patients treated for meningioma, 922 (77.3%) patients had confirmed or presumed WHO grade I tumors, 236 (19.8%) had grade II tumors, and 35 (2.9%) had grade III tumors. Mean follow-up was 4.3 years. A total of 207 patients experienced recurrences (17.4%), with a mean of 1.8 recurrences. Imaging for metastases was performed in 28 patients; 1 metastasis was grade I (3.6%), 16 were grade II (57.1%), and 11 were grade III (39.3%). Five patients (17.9%) underwent imaging because of symptomatic lesions. Of the 28 patients screened, 27 patients had prior recurrent meningioma (96.4%), with a median of 3 recurrences. On imaging, 10 patients had extracranial lesions suspicious for metastasis (35.7%). At biopsy, 8 were meningioma metastases, 1 was a nonmeningioma malignancy, and 1 patient was lost to follow-up prior to biopsy. Biopsy-confirmed metastases occurred in the liver (5), lung (3), mediastinum (1), and bone (1). The observed incidence of metastases was 0.67% (n = 8). Incidence increased to 2% of WHO grade II and 8.6% of grade III meningiomas. Using the proposed indications for screening, the number needed to screen to identify one patient with biopsy-confirmed malignancy was 3.83.
Systemic imaging of patients with multiply recurrent meningioma or symptoms concerning for metastasis may identify extracranial metastases in a significant proportion of patients and can inform decision making for additional treatments.
Ultrasound of myxofibrosarcoma Morag, Yoav; Lucas, David R.
Skeletal radiology,
04/2022, Volume:
51, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The ultrasound appearance of myxofibrosarcoma is highly variable corresponding to its variable and at times heterogeneous histopathologic appearance. Myxofibrosarcomas may mimic a benign process and ...the infiltrative tumor margins may be difficult to precisely delineate on ultrasound imaging. These tumor characteristics pose a diagnostic challenge on ultrasound evaluation. The radiologist should be aware of the variable morphologic presentation and infiltrative nature of myxofibrosarcoma and the limitations of ultrasound in the initial diagnosis, biopsy guidance, and post-surgical follow-up of this tumor.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
Abstract
Background
Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measurements linked to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading may improve symptom adverse event (AE) reporting in pediatric ...oncology trials. We evaluated construct validity, responsiveness, and test-retest reliability of the Ped-PRO–CTCAE measurement system for children and adolescents undergoing cancer care.
Methods
A total of 482 children and adolescents (7–18 years, 41.5% not non-Hispanic white) newly diagnosed with cancer and their caregivers participated from nine pediatric oncology hospitals. Surveys were completed at 72 hours preceding treatment initiation (T1) and at follow-up (T2) approximately 7–17 days later for chemotherapy, and 4+ weeks for radiation. Psychometric analyses examined the relationship of Ped-PRO-CTCAE items (assessing 62 symptom AEs) with Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, Lansky Play-Performance Scale, and medication use. A separate test-retest study included 46 children.
Results
Ped-PRO-CTCAE and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale were strongly correlated across age groups at T2: 7–12 years (r = 0.62–0.80), 13–15 years (r = 0.44–0.94), and 16–18 years (r = 0.65–0.98); and over time. The Ped-PRO-CTCAE was strongly correlated with Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric measures at T2; for example, pain interference (r = 0.70, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.64 to 0.76), fatigue severity (r = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.56 to 0.69), and depression severity (r = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.71 to 0.81). Ped-PRO-CTCAE items differentiated children by Lansky Play-Performance Scale and by medication use. Test-retest agreement ranged from 54.3% to 93.5%.
Conclusions
This longitudinal study provided evidence for the construct validity and reliability of the core Ped-PRO-CTCAE symptom AE items relative to several established measures. Additional responsiveness data with clinical anchors are recommended. Incorporation of Ped-PRO-CTCAE in trials may lead to a better understanding of the cancer treatment experience.
Tenosynovial giant cell tumors are a group of generally benign intra-articular and soft tissue tumors with common histologic features. They can be roughly divided into localized and diffuse types. ...Localized types include giant cell tumors of tendon sheath and localized pigmented villonodular synovitis, whereas diffuse types encompass conventional pigmented villonodular synovitis and diffuse-type giant cell tumor. Localized tumors are generally indolent, whereas diffuse tumors are locally aggressive. Recent developments indicate that tenosynovial giant cell tumors are clonal neoplastic tumors driven by overexpression of CSF1. Herein, I report a case of intra-articular, localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor (or localized pigmented villonodular synovitis) and review the classification, histopathology, and recent developments regarding its pathogenesis.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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