This work covers one aspect of the industrial heritage of Belgrade and its surroundings, specifically steam- and motor-driven (powered by petroleum, oil or electricity) industrial mills, which were ...some of the few purpose-built industrial facilities in the settlements situated around Belgrade's periphery. This paper deals with mills in the settlements that today make up the City Municipality of Čukarica: Železnik, Žarkovo, Umka, Rucka, Rušanj, Pećani, Ostružnica, Velika Moštanica and Stara Čukarica. Nevertheless, some of these settlements also had other and significantly larger industrial facilities, such as knitwear and cardboard factories in Umka, and several factories in Stara Čukarica, including those for sugar and leather. The work is chronologically limited to the period from 1918 to 1948, and has been produced by compiling, cross-referencing and systematizing several types of historical sources, such as original archival materials, newspaper articles, oral histories and fieldwork alongside, of course, literature of relevance to the topic. A number of these mills continued to work even after the end of the Second World War, albeit under state ownership, while the others ceased work over time, were repurposed, or were completely destroyed.
The textile industry in the territory of Belgrade today, but also in Serbia, which was an integral part of the Kingdom of SHS/Yugoslavia, experienced a growth during the interwar period and became ...one of the busiest industrial branches. In this paper, for the fi rst time, a textile factory with a small capacity will be present-ed, which in the period between 1935-1946. worked in Čukarica, industrial suburb of Belgrade. The paper was written on the basis of original archival materials and relevant literature dealing with the industrialization of Belgrade in the period between the two world wars. It is limited to the year 1946, when the company became social ownership, and the emphasis in it is placed on the presentation of the factory, its facilities, as well as its operations.
This paper discusses the development of economy, industry and crafts in the Municipality of Čukarica, during the first decade after World War II, based on the historical sources, relevant literature ...and recorded oral traditions. The article analyzes the period until 1929, being the year of important events, both on the global and national level, which significantly influenced further development of Čukarica. The beginning of 1929 was marked by the proclamation of monarchist dictatorship of King Aleksandar Karađorđević, while the independent Municipality of Čukarička was abolished at the end of the year, being united with the Belgrade Municipality.
The development of the textile industry in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in the 1920s was primarily marked by the opening of numerous factories. They were opened with the participation of ...domestic and foreign capital and their number increased from 25 in 1919 to 290 in 1929. The "Šumadija" ad factory was founded in 1928 and was the successor of the Albala Knitwear Factory. It was created by the combined investment of domestic, mostly Jewish and foreign capital. The factory operated from 1928 to 1944, when it was completely taken over by the "Posavina" factory. The majority owners of the Factory were the Albala brothers and the Gadol brothers. The paper presents data on the establishment and operation of the Factory from 1928 to 1944, its ownership structure and management bodies, based mostly on archival material.
The paper is structured chronologically and thematically to look at one of the most important periods in the history of Čukarica which began as a hamlet within the municipal area of Žarkovo but was ...granted the status of a municipality in the early 20th century. The paper is based on the relevant literature, archival material, contemporary newspaper articles and recorded oral traditions of early settlers of Čukarica.
Background and Purpose: This research attempted to answer some general questions about the legal and institutional support for urban forests and greening in Serbia by focusing on the important aspect ...of urban forests and greening from the perspective of social sciences. It was interesting to reveal which institutions are in charge of these areas and who claims to have responsibility for their management and protection. This research was expected to contribute to the better understanding of the status of urban forests and greening in Serbia today.
Materials and Methods: Document analysis and face-to-face interviews were applied as methods of collecting relevant empirical data in order to discover if any, and which legal documents were addressing urban forests and greening in Serbia.
Results and Conclusions: The term “urban forests” is not generally accepted by domestic practice and among professionals who work in this or related fields. Instead, terms like peri-urban forests and park-forests are used in Serbia. The Serbian law does not recognize this term and states that forest may not be areas smaller than 5 ha. Because of the difficult period Serbia has endured in the last 20 years (wars, UN sanctions, the economic crisis) the overall care for urban greenery has fallen into background and is no longer an important topic among the politicians and the general public. In the last few years we have noticed some positive improvements like the adoption of new, more adequate laws, reviving of institutions that affect this field etc.
The steam-powered brewery Ignjat Bajloni & Sons was the second Belgrade brewery which modernised the production process by shifting from manual to steam power. The paper outlines, chronologically and ...thematically, the development and operations of the brewery, key events in its history, and a brief history of the Bajloni family who owned it for the whole sixty years. The paper is based on the largely unpublished archival material, relevant literature and newspaper articles. The chronological limit set to the paper is the year 1946, but it gives a brief description of the operation of the brewery until its final shutdown in 2006.
Orofacial pain features may negatively influence a person's well-being and vice versa. Some aspects of well-being can be measured with axis II instruments that assess patients' psychosocial and ...behavioral status. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between pain features and psychosocial variables as indicators of well-being.
Seven hundred ninety-nine anonymized datasets collected using the Web-based Interdisciplinary Symptom Evaluation (WISE) of patients reporting to the Interdisciplinary Orofacial Pain Unit, University of Zurich, between March 19, 2017 and May 19, 2019, were analyzed. Pain features including intensity, number of locations, impact, and duration were evaluated. Psychometric measures assessed pain-related catastrophizing and disability, illness perception, distress, anxiety, depression, injustice experience, dysmorphic concerns, and insomnia.
Most patients were between 30 and 59 years old (58.3%), female (69.8%), working (66.0%), and experienced pain for more than 6 months (68.5%). Pain intensities were higher in women than men and higher in disabled than working patients. Scores indicating elevated stress and depression were also observed in disabled patients. The sample prevalence rates of clinically relevant axis II instrument scores were as follows: Graded Chronic Pain Scale for the Head (GCPS-H), 27%; Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ4), 21%; PHQ9, 21%; Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), 20%; General Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD7), 15%; Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), 15%; Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), 14%; GCPS for the Body (GCPS-B), 13%; PHQ for Stress (PHQstr), 6%; and Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ), 2%. Noteworthy results of correlation analysis of the clinically relevant axis II scores and pain measures were as follows: the PHQstr had moderate associations (0.34-0.43) with the sum of pain intensity at rest and during function, number of pain locations, and typical pain intensity. The IEQ scores were moderately associated with typical pain intensity at 0.39. The DCQ scores were moderately associated with pain extension at 0.41.
Moderate correlations of certain pain and well-being measures were found in patients reporting clinically relevant stress, injustice experience, and dysmorphic concern, all of which reflect impaired well-being. PHQ4 is suitable for routine distress screening in the clinical setting.
•The study established a dental pain model for acupuncture research.•Needle-simulation at nonacupuncture points reduces experimental dental pain.•Reducing experimental pain is independent of ...acupoints.
Acupuncture is a complementary and nonpharmacological intervention that can be effective for the management of chronic pain in addition to or instead of medication. Various animal models for neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, cancer-related pain, and visceral pain already exist in acupuncture research. We used a newly validated human pain model and examined whether acupuncture can influence experimentally induced dental pain. For this study, we compared the impact of manual acupuncture (real acupuncture), manual stimulation of a needle inserted at nonacupuncture points (sham acupuncture) and no acupuncture on experimentally induced dental pain in 35 healthy men who were randomized to different sequences of all 3 interventions in a within-subject design. BORG CR10 pain ratings and autonomic responses (electrodermal activity and heart rate variability) were investigated. An initial mixed model with repeated measures included preintervention pain ratings and the trial sequence as covariates. The results showed that acupuncture was effective in reducing pain intensity when compared to no acupuncture (β = −.708, P = .002), corresponding to a medium Cohen's d effect size of .56. The comparison to the sham acupuncture revealed no statistically significant difference. No differences in autonomic responses between real and sham acupuncture were found during the intervention procedures.
This study established a dental pain model for acupuncture research and provided evidence that experimentally induced dental pain can be influenced by either real acupuncture or manual stimulation of needles at nonacupuncture points. The data do not support that acupoint specificity is a significant factor in reducing experimental pain.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Orofacial pain and dysfunction include a broad range of disturbances among which pain and insomnia are some of the most common complaints. Sleep strengthens physiological and psychological resilience ...and is an absolute requirement for health. Insomnia is a common symptom or sleep disorder, yet data on its prevalence is sparse. Here we extracted data from the insomnia severity index which was part of the web-based interdisciplinary symptom evaluation (WISE) tool given to a large sample of patients seeking care at an orofacial pain unit for analyzing insomnia prevalence in this clinical population.
Anonymized data were available from 952 patients who consulted the Orofacial Pain Unit at the Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland between January 2017 and December 2018. Prevalence data for insomnia stratified by gender and 10 age groups (decades) were calculated. The distribution of four insomnia severity grades was determined, also stratified by age and gender.
952 patients (290 men: 30.5%) with a mean age of 44.8 ± 17.4 years completed a WISE. Three hundred and fifty-two (37.0%) patients with a mean age of 45.8 ± 16.7 years positively responded to a screening question for insomnia and/or hypersomnia. Insomnia was severe in women from the 2nd to 8th decade, ranging from 4.3% (3rd decade) to 14.5% (6th decade), and moderately severe from the 2nd to 9th decade, ranging from 18.8% (6th decade) to 27.8% (2nd decade). In men, severe insomnia was present from the 3rd to 7th decade, ranging from 2.3% (7th decade) to 4.4% (4th decade) and moderately severe insomnia from the 3rd to 7th decade, ranging from 4.6% (7th decade) to 12.2% (5th decade).
This is the first study reporting on insomnia in a large sample of patients seeking care at an orofacial pain unit. One in three patients reported some form of sleep disturbances, which for almost half of them was moderate to severe insomnia. The gender ratio was almost equal throughout adulthood, yet younger and older women were more frequently affected and experienced higher insomnia severity than men.
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