The median duration of hospital stays due to COVID-19 has been reported in several studies on China as 10-13 days. Global studies have indicated that the length of hospitalisation depends on ...different factors, such as the time elapsed from exposure to symptom onset, and from symptom onset to hospital admission, as well as specificities of the country under study. The goal of this paper is to identify factors associated with the median duration of hospital stays of COVID-19 patients during the second COVID-19 wave that hit Vietnam from 5 March to 8 April 2020.
We used retrospective data on 133 hospitalised patients with COVID-19 recorded over at least two weeks during the study period. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model was applied to determine the potential risk factors associated with length of hospital stay.
There were 65 (48.9%) females, 98 (73.7%) patients 48 years old or younger, 15 (11.3%) persons with comorbidities, 21 (16.0%) severely ill patients and 5 (3.8%) individuals with life-threatening conditions. Eighty-two (61.7%) patients were discharged after testing negative for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, 51 were still in the hospital at the end of the study period and none died. The median duration of stay in a hospital was 21 (IQR: 16-34) days. The multivariable Cox regression model showed that age, residence and sources of contamination were significantly associated with longer duration of hospitalisation.
A close look at how long COVID-19 patients stayed in the hospital could provide an overview of their treatment process in Vietnam, and support the country's National Steering Committee on COVID-19 Prevention and Control in the efficient allocation of resources over the next stages of the COVID-19 prevention period.
Background: Alcohol drinking behaviors change temporally and can lead to changes in related cancer risks; previous studies have been unable to identify the association between the two using a ...single-measurement approach. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of drinking trajectories with the cancer risk in Korean men.Methods: A trajectory analysis using group-based trajectory modeling was performed on 2,839,332 men using data on alcohol drinking levels collected thrice during the Korean National Health Insurance Service’s general health screening program conducted between 2002 and 2007. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to evaluate the associations between drinking trajectories and cancer incidence, after adjustments for age, income, body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, family history of cancer, and comorbidities.Results: During 10.5 years of follow-up, 189,617 cancer cases were recorded. Six trajectories were determined: non-drinking, light, moderate, decreasing-heavy, increasing-heavy, and steady-heavy. Light-to-heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk for all cancers combined in a dose-dependent manner (adjusted hazard ratio aHR 1.03; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.02–1.05 for light drinking, aHR 1.06; 95% CI 1.05–1.08 for moderate drinking, aHR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.16–1.22 for decreasing-heavy drinking, aHR 1.23; 95% CI, 1.20–1.26 for increasing-heavy drinking, and aHR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.29–1.38 for steady-heavy drinking P-trend <0.001). Light-to-heavy alcohol consumption was linked to lip, oral cavity, pharyngeal, esophageal, colorectal, laryngeal, stomach, and gallbladder and biliary tract cancer risks, while heavy alcohol consumption was associated with hepatic, pancreatic, and lung cancer risks. An inverse association was observed for thyroid cancer. The cancer risks were lower for decreasing-heavy drinkers, compared to steady-heavy drinkers.Conclusion: No safe drinking limits were identified for cancer risks; reduction in heavy intake had protective effects.
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FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, UL, UM, UPUK
Background. Due to long-hour outdoor working environment, policemen have been subjected to tremendous health risks including blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In tropical countries, the ...temperature is extremely harsh which may get peak at above 40 Celsius degrees or drops under 8 Celsius degrees. However, the existing data on the effects of weather variation on BP and HR among police task force has been scarce in Vietnam. Aims. This study aimed to describe the variation of 24-hour BP and HR and identify factors associated with BP and HR for further appropriate interventions in order to reduce health risks from occupational exposure. Methods. Multilevel regression analysis (MLRA) was applied with two levels of influent factors. 24-hour holter measured systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HR values were the first level which should then be nested in the second level (individual). 24-hour temperature and humidity variations were extracted, respectively, from Hanoi Hydrometeorology Department. All individual characteristics and risk behaviours were measured within 24 studying hours. Results. Temperature and humidity were major factors that influenced (74%-78%) the variation of BP and HR among the policemen population. When each of the Celsius degree temperature or percentage humidity increases, the SBP goes down by 0.44 (0.11-0.77) and by 0.2 (0.33-0.77), respectively, and the DBP goes down by 0.21 (-0.05-0.48) and by 0.12 (0.02-0.22), respectively, and vice versa. Interaction between temperature and humidity was significantly influent to SBP. The farther the time section from the first time section (0-6AM) the more the variation of the BP and HR. Transition from winter to summer made SBP and DBP decrease and vice versa. Individual characteristics including body mass index (BMI), bad life styles, and stress contributed 22% to 26% to the variation of BP and HR. Traffic policemen were at the greatest risks of the outdoor ambient variation in comparison with the firefighters and office-based policemen. Conclusion. Designing and equipping appropriate uniform and outdoor facilities could help to reduce influence of temperature and humidity variation in the outdoor workplace. Besides, training and educating programs that aimed at controlling BMI, risk behaviours, and stress for police taskforce, especially the traffic policemen, should be implemented.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
This paper aims to examine how the e-service quality and demographic factors influence food online purchase intention of Vietnamese consumers. We developed a research framework by adopting the ...E-S-QUAL model proposed by Parasuraman et al. (2005) and some other existing studies. Measurements with 19 items of e-service quality dimensions (i.e. website design, reliable service, trust and personalisation) and three items of online purchase intention were adopted and adapted. Data were collected from 179 customers in a self-administered online survey. Regression analysis in SPSS was run to test the research hypotheses. Results showed that personalisation factor has the most significant effect on food online purchase intention of Vietnamese consumers, followed by website design and then reliable service. Furthermore, trust has a minor effect on customers' food online purchase intention. Regarding the influence of demographic factors, age and occupation were confirmed to relate to the food online purchase intention. Our findings suggest that online merchants and food producers innovate their marketing tactics to target more audience and boost sales. Our study also implies that the policymakers should amend the regulations in e-commerce to promote collaboration among food online sellers and third-party payment platform providers.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, UL, UM, UPUK
In this paper, we propose an algorithm for estimating the beam aperture of the acoustic transducers by using the geometric backscattering model for side-scan sonar systems. The geometric ...backscattering model is developed to describe the propagation paths of the signal transmitted from the transducers towards the seabed and backscatters to the hydrophones. To evaluate our proposed algorithm, we have developed a side-scan sonar system. The side-scan sonar system uses two transducers, operating on two different frequencies and focusing on two different wave beams, to scan the images of the seabed. The proposed algorithm provides the estimated beam apertures of each transducer. Our obtained results agree quite well with the parameters provided by the manufacturers. Moreover, these results are used to calibrate the scanned images. We provide the scanned sonar 3D images of the Dong Do lakebed, Vietnam, to justify our proposal.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Three new flavonol glycosides, fissflavosides A-C (1-3), together with six known flavonol glycosides, kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), kaempferol ...3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside (5), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), rhamnetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), rutin (8), and isorhamnetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside (9) were isolated from the methanol extract of the Fissistigma pallens leaves. Their chemical structures were determined by 1D-, 2D-NMR, and MS data as well as in comparison with reported data in the literature. Compounds 1-9 showed weak cytotoxic activity on three human cancer cell lines, HT-29, A-2058, A-549 with IC
50
ranging from 134.6 to 162.6 µM. In addition, the antioxidant capacities of compounds were also tested by ORAC assay. All compounds showed significant antioxidant with trolox equivalents ranging from 4.4 to 8.6 µM at the concentration of 1.0 µM. The results indicated 7 and 8 having meaningful reducing capacity of copper (I) ions of 2.7 to 6.9 µM at the concentrations of 1 and 2 µM.
Compounds 1-3 newly isolated from the leaves of Fissistigma pallens and showed significant antioxidant activity.
Nowadays, the corporate governance quality (CGQ) of a company has become increasingly important as it is the benchmark for the investment decision-making process. However, there are not many studies ...of CGQ in the Vietnamese public sector. In this regard, this study adopted and adapted the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) corporate governance scorecard and the Vietnamese Listed Company Awards scorecard to evaluate the CGQ of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Vietnam. Data from 220 equitized SOEs were collected from a self-administered survey and double-checked with information from in-depth interviews with the company’s managers and their documents. Collected data were analyzed to score the CGQ of surveyed companies. Results showed that the CGQ of survey companies met the basic requirements that comply with the legal framework. The analysis also showed the differences between two groups of state-owned enterprises: listed versus unlisted joint-stock companies. Based on the findings, we suggested companies improve and adjust their governance policies following 77 scorecard criteria and apply international best practices in corporate governance to promote their brand value to become more appealing to investors.
Abstract
Combinations of lifestyle behaviors may lead to different cancer risks. This study aimed to identify the latent classes based on lifestyle behavior trajectories and to investigate the ...association between these latent classes and cancer risk. Participants in the 2002–2003 National Health Insurance Service general health examination were included. Data on smoking, alcohol drinking, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity measured four times between 2002 and 2009 were analyzed. Incident cancer cases were tracked from 2010 to 2018. Patterns of alcohol drinking, smoking, BMI, and physical activity and latent classes based on trajectories of smoking, alcohol drinking, BMI, and physical activity were identified. Among 2,735,110 adults (1,787,486 men and 947,624 women), 111,218 (69,089 men and 42,129 women) developed incident cancer. Six latent classes of lifestyle behavior were identified, with Class 1 (healthy class) involving only 0.2% of men and 0.5% of women. The highest risk class in males tended to be steady light drinkers and steady moderate smokers, have steady low frequency of physical activity, and be obese. This class showed a 1.47 times higher (95% CI = 1.29–1.69) risk of all cancers than did the healthy class. Among women, there was only an association between the highest risk class (tendency to be non-drinkers, light smokers) and colorectal cancer (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.02–2.83). Only a small percentage of participants maintained a long-term healthy lifestyle. Identifying classes of behavior combinations and their links to cancer development is therefore critical for cancer prevention.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Internal marketing (IM) has become essential in service industries since employees are considered critical to excel in customer service due to fierce competition. Previous studies have examined and ...proved the role of IM in retaining happy and loyal customers in a variety of industries. However, little research on IM was conducted in the telecommunication industry in both developed and developing countries. Thus, this paper aims to test the impact of IM elements on employee satisfaction in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry, one of the fastest-growing industries in recent years. We developed a research model based on the social exchange theory and adopted seven IM elements from previous studies. Data was collected from a sample of 362 employees working in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry through an online questionnaire survey and analyzed in SmartPLS 3.0 using the PLS-SEM technique to test the hypotheses. Our analysis results showed that reward had the strongest impact on employee satisfaction, followed by internal communication and vision. The least influential factor on employee satisfaction was training and development. On the contrary, fairness was identified not to have statistical significance on employee satisfaction. Thus, practical implications for managers in the telecommunication industry were proposed to promote employee satisfaction and engagement with the company by using IM practices.
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