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An assessment of the clinical value of a feline blood-typing kit which utilizes erythrocyte agglutination by anti-A monoclonal antibodies and Triticum vulgaris lectin is reported. The kit was tested ... in 65 cats without hematological diseases. Sixty cats were judged to have type A blood (92.3%), two to have type B (3.1%), and the remaining three to have type AB (4.6%). Six cats with type A blood, two with type B, and two with type AB were selected and the same sample from each animal was tested five times. All the results showed excellent reproducibility. Seven samples of type A blood, one of B blood, and two of AB blood were conventionally crossmatached. RBCs from A blood and AB blood always agglutinated with plasma from type B blood. But in some cases, RBCs from B blood and AB blood did not agglutinated with plasma from A blood. These findings show that type A blood without naturally acquired anti-B antibodies can not be distinguished from type AB blood by crossmatching. It is concluded that this kind of feline blood typing kit is useful in judging blood types of the AB system easily, rapidly, and more correctly than crossmataching. In other words, it could be used in clinics not only as a compatibility test before transfusion but as a blood typing agent for mating to avoid neonatal isoerythrolysis. more

The 24 rabbits used in this clinical evaluation of wool block (hairballs) were from 2 months to 8 years old. Thirteen animals (54.2%) were under one year old, suggesting that even young rabbits can ... be affected. Clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia, decreased or no stool production, and moniliform stool. Radiographs showed three stomach patterns: gastric contents and gas (subacute to chronic), gas (acute), and gastric contents (subacute to chronic). Because of the possibility of pyloristenosis, the gas pattern cases required emergency treatment. Fifteen animals (62.5%) had been fed pellets only. Fifteen cases (62.5%) responded to medical treatment, but 5 cases (20.8%) died. After a change to a high-fiber diet, 89.5% were in good condition without recurrence. Animals that failed to respond to medical treatment were successfully treated with surgical removal and a change of diet and environment. more

The clinical value of a canine blood type grouping kit was evaluated. This type of kit is designed to check erythrocyte agglutination with DEA (Dog Erythrocyte antibody) 1.1 monoclonal antibodies. In ... 79 hematologically normal dogs, 57 were determined to be DEA1.1 positive (72.2%), and the remaining 22 dogs were determined to be DEA1.1 negative. Eighteen of the DEA1.1 positive dogs and 6 negative dogs were selected at random, and the same sample from each animal was tested five times, and showed excellent reproducibility. Ten DEA1.1 positive and 10 negative blood samples from randomly selected dogs were matched by a conventional method, cross matching with one sample of DEA1.1 positive blood. There was no agglutination seen in any case, which confirmed that it is impossible to distinguish DEA1.1 positive and negative by crossmatching. From these findings, it is concluded that this kind of canine blood typing kit is useful in judging DEA1.1 types easity and rapidly. In clinics, the kit would be of much use as a compatibility test before transfusinon. more

The accuracy of hematological values calculated by an automated blood cell counter (Sysmex KX-21NV) was evaluated in dogs and cats. This apparatus has the advantage of simultaneous automatic counting ... of eight hematological parameters in one minute, namely white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), mean corpuscular diameter (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and blood platelets (Plat). Reproducibility tests were performed continuously ten times for each sample using 10μl of whole blood from two dogs and two cats. There was good reproducibility in every item in both dogs and cats. Correlation tests were also done, and compared with another kind of apparatus of the same purpose, Celltac MEK-6158 made by Nihon Kohden, using 46 dogs and 36 cats. There was a correlation between the results from the two in all items except MCHC. This newly developed automatic blood cell counter is easy to handle, with no need to input tested species. Therefore, it is considered that this apparatus is handy and useful for clinical use not only in dogs and cats but also in other small animals. more

抗Aモノクローナル抗体とTriticum vulgaris ... レクチンを用いた赤血球凝集反応による猫用血液型判定試薬の臨床的有用性を評価した。鳥取県内で飼育されている65例の猫に対し本試薬を用いて試験を実施し，60例（92.3％）をA型，2例（3.1％）をB型，3例（4.6％）をAB型と判定した。このうち，A型6例，B型2例，AB型2例について同一血液検体で試験を連続して5回行い，すべて同じ結果が得られ再現性が認められた。また，A型，B型，AB型の血液をドナー血液とし，A型7例，B型1例，AB型2例について従来法であるクロスマッチ試験を実施した。B型血漿との試験では，A型血球，AB型血球はいずれも凝集し，A型血漿とB型血球，AB型血球との試験では，凝集が認められないものがあった。このことから，クロスマッチ試験によりAB型血液と抗B自然抗体のないA型血液を判別できないことが確認された。以上のことから，赤血球凝集反応による猫用血液型判定試薬は，簡易，迅速に猫のABシステムの血液型を判定することができ，臨床現場における輸血前適合検査として，また，新生子溶血現象を避けるための適合妊娠検査として有用であると考えられた。 more

Drainage was performed to control infection in a domestic female cat with compound skull fractures, cerebral prolapse, depressed fracture, and an abscess. Contused brain and sequestra were then ... excised. Craniotomy was employed to elevate depressed bone fragments. After surgery, the cat demonstrated no nervoussystem symptoms caused by head trauma and improved clinically. more

We report hairball in two young rabbits. Case one was a two-month-old male rabbit suffering from lethargy, anorexia, and constipation. On X-ray photographs, a slightly dense shadow was seen in the ... stomach area. Nosotropic treatment was performed, but the animal died on day 13. Necropsy revealed a ruptured stomach and a hairball in it. Case two was a five-month-old female rabbit suffering from lethargy, and anorexia. X-ray photography with contrast media injected into the stomach showed an enlarged stomach and the contrast media would not move into the duodenum even 90 minutes after injection. Laparotomy showed an enlarged stomach, and gastrotomy was performed. At the pylorus, a large hairball was present, which was removed. After the surgery, there was remarkable improvement and the rabbit has been in good condition since. High-protein-low-fiber diet, stress, and pregnancy are known to contribute to the development of this disease. Both rabbits had been on a diet of dry pellets. The first rabbit had experienced an environmental change 20 days before he became sick, and the other was pregnant. These cases indicate that even very young rabbits can be afflicted by this disease when they are exposed to various kinds of stress. more

抗DEA1.1モノクローナル抗体を用いた赤血球凝集反応による犬の血液型判定試薬の臨床的有用性を評価した。鳥取県内で飼育されている79例の犬に対し本試薬を用いて試験を実施した。79例中57例（72.2％）はDEA1.1陽性，22例（27.8％）はDEA1.1陰性と判定した。このうち，DEA1.1陽性18例，DEA1.1陰性6例について同一血液検体を用いて連続して試験を行ったところ，すべて同じ結果が得られ再現性が認められた。また，本試薬で判定したDEA1.1陽性血液をドナー血液とし，DEA1.1陽性10例およびDEA1.1陰性10例に対してクロスマッチ試験を実施した。その結果，すべての主試験，副試験ともに凝集はみられなかった。このことからクロスマッチ試験によりDEA1.1型を判定することはできないことが示された。以上のことから，抗DEA1.1モノクローナル抗体を用いた血液型判定試薬は，簡易，迅速にDEA1.1型を判定することができ，臨床現場における輸血前適合検査として有用であると考えられた。