The relationships between the swallowing function and mis-swallowing aftr an operation for esophageal reconstruction were studied by measuring the esophagel inner pressure. Fifty-three outpatients ...with resected esophageal cancer in our department were subjected to the study. Esophageal inner pressure on swallowing was measured by a stationary pull-through method using a transducer with 4-channel micro-tips and the pressure at rest of the cervical esophagus was measured by a rapid pull-through method. The ratio of the preceding negative wave to the following positive wave in swallowing pressure was 10.24±2.4 (M±SE) in the mis-swalloing group and 3.6±0.4 in the group without mis-swallowing, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The ratio of inner pressure at rest around the upper esophageal sphincter and around the anastomosis in the cervical esophagus was 1.53±0.52 in the mis-swallowing group and 0.80±0.18 in the group without mis-swallowing. This increase in pressure in the mis-swallowing group was also statistically significant. The distance between the upper esophageal sphincter and anastomosis was 2.0±0.3cm in the mis-swallowing group and 3.6±0.6cm in the other, with a statistically significant difference.
The relationship between swallowing function and mis-swallowing after an operation for esophageal reconstruction was studied by measuring the esophageal inner pressure. Fifty-three outpatients with ...resected esophageal cancer in our department were studied. Esophageal inner pressure on swallowing was measured by the stationary pull-through method using a transducer with 4-channel microchips and pressure at rest of the cervical esophagus was measured by the rapid pull-through method. The ratio of the preceding negative wave to the following positive wave in swallowing pressure was 10.20±1.30 (M±SE) in the mis-swallowing group and 3.59±0.29 in the group without mis-swallowing, with a statistically significant difference. The ratio of inner pressure at rest around the upper esophageal sphincter and around the anastomosis in the cervical esophagus was 1.73±0.34 in the mis-swallowing group and 0.79±0.17 in the group without mis-swallowing. This difference was also statistically significant. The distance between the upper esophageal sphincter and the anastomosis was 2.2±0.3 cm in the mis-swallowing group and 3.7±0.6 cm in the group without mis-swallowing, with statistically significant differece.
Eighteen species of mesostigmatids, 22 of cryptostigmatids and one of astigmatids fed on soil nematodes. All mesostigmatids and astigmatids and 7 species of cryptostigmatids devoured whole living ...nematodes, whild the remaining cryptostigmatids fed only on their body fluids. No mites fed on sedentary forms of nematodes such as cysts Heterodera or adult females of Meloidogyne. Caloglyphus sp. (Astigmata) took 8 days of complete its life cycle when feeding on the nematode Cephalobus sp. at 23°C. When populations of Caloglyphus sp. and Cephalobus sp. (Nematoda) were mixed and inoculated into the soli, the nematodes decreased in number. The number of hypopi of Caloglyphus sp. increased when the mite had not been served with food (nematodes).
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