This research has been carried out for a month using eighty three-month-old female Cihateup ducks and has been used to study the influence of glutathione on the endogen antioxidant response and ... histological illeum. The separation of glutathione was carried out using the distillation technique. Each experimental group consisted of 20 ducks, each treated with G0 = without glutathione; G1= Administration of glutathione 150 µL/head; G2 = Administration of glutathione 175 µL/head; G3= Administration of glutathione 175 µL/head. Tissue and blood sampling was collected at the end of the study by EDTA tube and a fixative solution, and tissue preparations were made using the Mallory-Asan technique and analyzed using a binocular microscope. Antioxidant levels were measured using a spectrophotometer technique based on the instructions of the Randox Kit. The results showed that glutathione affected (P<0.05) morphometric ileum (villi, Peyeri's plaque and goblet cells) and increased with increasing glutathione level and endogenous antioxidant response. It was concluded that glutathione is able to stimulate protein and lipid anabolism, as well as hormonal signals related to ileal tissue growth and antioxidants.
Mushawwir A, Arifin J, Darwis D, Puspitasari T, Pengerteni DS, Nuryanthi N, Perman R. 2020. Liver metabolic activities of Pasundan cattle induced by irradiated chitosan. Biodiversitas 21: 5571-5578. ...A total of one hundred and twenty-five, 2-3 year old male Pasundan cattle were used as livestock samples during the three months of this research. They were selected from the local cattle breeding and development center in Ciamis. The animal samples were randomly allocated to 5 treatment groups. One group served as the control, or without irradiated chitosan, while the others were used as treatment in varying levels. Each treatment group involved five replicates with 25 Pasundan bulls per treatment i.e five Pasundan bulls per replication. Each group was provided with the following rations: C0 = Control group, without IC (0 ppm IC); C1 = 350 ppm Irradiated Chitosan (IC); C2 = 400 ppm IC; C3 = 450 ppm IC; and C4 = 500 ppm IC. Irradiated chitosan was obtained through the following steps: extraction, deacetylation, and irradiation of chitin using gamma rays. Five mL of blood samples were collected from each bull at the beginning of each month of this experiment, which totaled three months. The blood samples were sucked from the tail/coccygeal vein using a sterilized syringe and vacuum tube containing K3EDTA. The plasma was used to determine the concentration of parameters related to liver metabolism through an automatic biochemical analyzer Kenza 240TX model from Biolabo, using a commercial kit. Each procedure was followed based on the Biolabo kit (Franch) and Randox kit (UK). This study showed that IC reduces the activity of glycogenolysis and glycolysis, but is accompanied by improvements in the biochemical conditions of liver cells. This is a favorable condition for the metabolism of Pasundan bulls in order to enhance their growth and reproduction.
Altitude contributes and plays an important role in the development dairy cows in Indonesia. Altitude is directly related to temperature and humidity, both of which affect cardiovascular function and ...energy metabolism in dairy cattle. The 120 samples, consisted of 4th-5th lactation Friesian Holstein dairy cows were used in this study. The 40 samples of cattle each spread in three maintenance sites with different altitudes, namely 300 to 500 m above sea level (a.s.l.); 600-900 m a.s.l. and >1,000 m a.s.l. All the study sites located in West Java, Indonesia, to study the effect of altitude on the cardiovascular biomarker and lipid regulation in the dairy cow. Based on the result in this experiment showed that the CRP high sensitivity, H-FABP, homocysteine, and γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase in Frisian Holstein dairy cows expressed higher levels (P <0.05) at low altitude site (300-500 m a.s.l.) than dairy cows at altitude sites higher (600-900 and >1,000 m a.s.l.), These results indicated, these compounds can be biomarkers for cardiovascular function. This study also showed, the lipid regulation also showed higher levels (P <0.05) at low altitude sites than altitude sites higher.
ABSTRAK Penelitian in dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil hematologic yang meliputi hemoglobin, eritrosit, limposit, serta kadar albumin darah ayam ras petelur selama force molting. Jumlah ayam ras ...petelur fase layer yang dugunakan sebagai sampel 15 ekor dari strain Lohman, dengan rata-rata berat badan 2,378±0,021 kg. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Peternakan Ayam Ras Petelur Cililin. Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Molekuler and Bioteknologi, PT Saraswati Indo Genetech, Bogor. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar hematologi dan albumin darah mengalami penurunan dibandingkan sebelum pembatasan ransum, dan kembali meningkat setelah diberikan ransum setengah darai kebutuhannya. Kata Kunci : Albumin, force molting, layer, hematologik.
Tanuwiria UH, Mushawwir A. 2020. Hematological and antioxidants responses of dairy cows fed with a combination of feed and duckweed (Lemna minor) as a mixture for improving performance. Biodiversitas ...21: 4741-4746. A total of twenty-five, 5-7th-lactation-old or 7-8thyears-old dairy cows were used in the current study to study the effect of feed duckweed (Lemna minor) on the hematological status and parameters related antioxidant in the dairy cow. Each group of treatment involved 5 replicates with a dairy cow each (5 dairy cows per group). All of the group was provided ration following F0 = Uncultivated grass (UG) 60% and supplemented concentrated (C) 40%; F1 = UG 50%+fresh duckweed 10%+C 40%; F2 = UG 60%+fresh duckweed 3%+C 37%; F3 = UG 50%+fresh duckweed 10%+dried duckweed 3%+C 37%; F4 = UG 45%+fresh duckweed 15%+dried duckweed 2%+C 38%. Blood samples were collected from each dairy cow monthly beginning at the first month of this experiment, from the tail vein (vena coccygeal), using a sterilized syringe and vacuum tube containing K3EDTA. Hematological parameters were analyzed by a hematology analyzer. The blood samples collected were also centrifuged to separate the plasma. The plasma was used to determine of concentration of parameters related to antioxidant by an automatic biochemical analyzer, using a commercial kit. All procedure of the analysis was following based on the Biolabo kit (Franch) and Randox kit (UK). Based on in this current study showed that increased hematological condition and antioxidants profile in dairy cow supplemented duckweed . Supplemented duckweed can be improved physiological condition (hematologic and antioxidants) in the dairy cow.
ABSTRAK Enam puluh ekor ayam ras petelur strain Isa Brown masing-masing 30 ekor fase grower dan fase layer, telah digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui regulasi panas tubuh terhadap kedua ...fase tersebut. Ayam percobaan ditempatkan dalam kandang “battery individual cage” selama 2 bulan pada musim kemarau (Juni-Agustus 2011). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jengger ayam fase grower dan layer merupakan organ yang lebih besar mengevaporasikan panas dibandingkan pial, bulu dan shank. Namun pada fase layer terjadi peningkatan evaporasi panas pada shank yang signifikant. Respon respirasi (laju respirasi dan denyut jantung) nyata lebih tinggi pada fase layer. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan respon ayam fase layer dalam mengevaporasikan panas terutama pada shank, serta terjadi perubahan respon respirasi sebagai indikasi stres panas. Kata kunci: ayam petelur, panas, regulasi
Tanuwiria UH, Mushawwir A, Zain M, Despal D. 2023. Impact of protein source from legume forages on lipid regulation and growth on native ram lambs reared extensively in the south coast of West Java, ...Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4183-4192. This investigation was carried out in three different locations to examine the impact of legume forage as a protein source on lipid regulation and growth. This study used 120 rams, consisting of 40 rams in each location (Garut, Cianjur, Sukabumi) spread along the South Coast of West Java. Physical environmental conditions were recorded during the study. Ram lambs at each location were divided into four groups; one group only received a basal diet (Setaria/Setaria sphacelata), and the other three groups were each given additional legumes (calliandra/Calliandra calothyrsus, lamtoro/Leucaena leucocephala, and moringa/Moringa oleifera). Blood samples were collected every two weeks during the 16 weeks experiment. The blood sampling was handled based on standard procedures to prevent sample damage, and the body weight was measured every two weeks. Sample analysis related to lipid regulation and creatine kinase activity was measured using spectrophotometric techniques according to the instructions of the Kit Randox protocol and analysis of blood plasma fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. The research results show that legumes as a protein source can regulate through molecular signaling to decrease lipid levels, saturated fatty acids, and lipid transport in the extracellular fluid, but increase unsaturated fatty acid and the growth rate of ram lambs. Based on the results of the current study, it can be a strong basis for the development of nutrigenomic aspects of protein for small ruminants, accompanied by studies of the ages of different ruminant samples.
Dudi D, Hilmia N, Khaerunnisa I, Mushawwir A. 2023. DGAT1 gene polymorphism and their association with fat deposition and carcass quality in Pasundan cattle of Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4202-4208. ...The bovineAcyl-CoA: Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene is crucial to milk and meat quality in cattle. The K232A DGAT1 mutation was broadly used as a milk and meat quality genetic marker. Pasundan cattle are Indonesian local cattle from West Java. These local cattle have adapted to the tropical environment, environmental factors are not obstructing their development. The DGAT1 gene polymorphism information and their contribution to fat deposition and carcass quality in Pasundan cattle is very limited. The objective of this study was to examine the genetic polymorphism of the K232A DGAT1 gene and its association with fat deposition and carcass quality in Pasundan cattle population. The gene polymorphisms were identified using PCR, and direct sequencing to discover a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). All sequencing results (ABI trace files) were analyzed in FinchTV, BioEdit, and Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis (MEGA) 6.0. Genotyping was performed on 80 Pasundan cattle. In comparison, Ongole-Grade (n=5), Bali (n=2), Simmental (n=2), Limousin (n=2), Madura (n=2), and Pesisir (n=2) were also used in this study. Their association with fat deposition and carcass quality was evaluated on seven heads of AK genotype and 23 heads of KK genotype. According to the sequencing result, two SNPs were found at g.201G>A and g.202C>A, respectively. The K232A DGAT1 locus was polymorphic in Pasundan cattle population with the K and A allele frequencies of 0.956 and 0.044, respectively. In addition, DGAT1 gene polymorphisms are not associated with back fat thickness, longissimus dorsi area, rump area, and intramuscular fat.
This study was aimed to determine the effect of Jengkol (Pithecellobium jiringan) skin extract in ration on blood glucose, uric acid and total gut E. coli count of broiler chicken. One hundred day ...old commercial broiler chicks were randomly allocated to four treatment groups as T1, T2, T3 and T4 with 25 birds per treatment group replicated five times with five birds per replicate in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The birds in the control group (T1) were given normal basal diet without the addition of jengkol skin extract, while as other groups (T2, T3, T4) were supplemented with 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03% jengkol skin extract respectively. The blood samples were randomly collected from five birds per replicate at the end experimental period (5th week) and analyzed for the estimation of blood glucose and uric acid. The total E. coli count of gut contents was analyzed using Total Plate Count method. The results revealed that blood glucose was non-significantly (p>0.05) increased in the groups fed Jengkol at various levels when compared to the control. Further, a significantly (p<0.05) proportional decreasing trend in blood uric acid levels was found with increase in the level of dietary Jengkol, with highest reduction of 8.76 plus or minus 0.35 mg/dl in the group supplemented with 0.03% Jengkol (T4) compared to 11.53 plus or minus 1.20 mg/dl in the control group. Moreover, the total gut E. coli also decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the groups fed Jengkol in the diet (T2, T3 and T4). In conclusion, dietary inclusion of Jengkol had beneficial effect with regard to its ability in reducing the blood uric acid levels and total gut E. coli count of broiler chicken.
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