MXenes, two-dimensional (2D) layered early transition metal carbide, nitride and carbonitride materials, have been prepared by exfoliating MAX phases. In addition to 2D planar MXene, one-dimensional ...tubular forms are also expected to form. Herein, we design atomic models for Sc sub(2)C monolayers and nanotubes as well as their functionalized counterparts, and investigate their stability and electronic properties through the density functional theory tight-binding method. Dramatic distortion of Sc sub(2)C and Sc sub(2)CO sub(2) tubular structures occurs, while Sc sub(2)CH sub(2) and Sc sub(2)C(OH) sub(2) nanotubes preserve their tubular morphology upon structural relaxation. Moreover, we reveal that the radii of nanotubes play an important role in the relative stability and band gaps of tubular forms. Sc sub(2)CH sub(2) and Sc sub(2)C(OH) sub(2) nanotubes are direct-band-gap semiconductors, while the electronic structure of their corresponding planar forms depends on the arrangement of the functional groups.
Because of the excellent physical and chemical properties of phosphorene, phosphorene and phosphorene-like materials have attracted extensive attention. Since phosphorus belongs to group V, some ...group IV-VI compounds could also form phosphorene-like configurations. In this work, GeO, SnO, GeS, and SnS monolayers were constructed to investigate the structural and electronic properties by employing first-principles computations. Phonon spectra suggest that these monolayers are dynamically stable and could be realized in experiments. These monolayers are all semiconductors with the band gaps of 2.26 ∼ 4.13 eV. Based on the monolayers, GeO, SnO, GeS, and SnS bilayers were also constructed. The band gaps of these bilayers are smaller than those of the corresponding monolayers. Moreover, the optical properties of these monolayers and bilayers were calculated, and the results indicate that the SnO, GeS and SnS bilayers exhibit obvious optical absorption in the visible spectrum. All the results suggest that phosphorene-like IV-VI materials are promising candidates for electronic and optical devices.
Abstract
Exploring the dynamic structural evolution of electrocatalysts during reactions represents a fundamental objective in the realm of electrocatalytic mechanism research. In pursuit of this ...objective, we synthesized PhenPtCl
2
nanosheets, revealing a N
2
-Pt-Cl
2
coordination structure through various characterization techniques. Remarkably, the electrocatalytic performance of these PhenPtCl
2
nanosheets for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) surpasses that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst across the entire pH range. Furthermore, our discovery of the dynamic coordination changes occurring in the N
2
-Pt-Cl
2
active sites during the electrocatalytic process, as clarified through in situ Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is particularly noteworthy. These changes transition from Phen-Pt-Cl
2
to Phen-Pt-Cl and ultimately to Phen-Pt. The Phen-Pt intermediate plays a pivotal role in the electrocatalytic HER, dynamically coordinating with Cl
-
ions in the electrolyte. Additionally, the unsaturated, two-coordinated Pt within Phen-Pt provides additional space and electrons to enhance both H
+
adsorption and H
2
evolution. This research illuminates the intricate dynamic coordination evolution and structural adaptability of PhenPtCl
2
nanosheets, firmly establishing them as a promising candidate for efficient and tunable electrocatalysts.
Peptidylarginine deiminase II (PADI2) converts positively charged arginine residues to neutrally charged citrulline, and this activity has been associated with the onset and progression of multiple ...cancers. However, a role for PADI2 in endometrial cancer (EC) has not been previously explored. This study demonstrates that PADI2 is positively associated with EC proregression. Mechanistically, PADI2 interacting and catalyzing MEK1 citrullination at arginine 113/189 facilitates MEK1 on extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation, which activates insulin‐like growth factor‐II binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) expression. Furthermore, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA stability analyses reveal that IGF2BP1 binds to the m6A sites in SOX2‐3′UTR to prevent SOX2 mRNA degradation. Dysregulation of IGF2BP1 by PADI2/MEK1/ERK signaling results in abnormal accumulation of oncogenic SOX2 expression, therefore supporting the malignant state of EC. Finally, PADI2 gene silencing, inhibiting MEK1 citrullination by PADI2 inhibitor, or mutation of MEK1 R113/189 equally inhibits EC progression. These data demonstrate that PADI2‐catalyzed MEK1 R113/189 citrullination is a critical diver for EC malignancies and suggest that targeting PADI2/MEK1 can be a potential therapeutic approach in patients with EC.
Peptidylarginine deiminase II (PADI2) is highly expressed in endometrial cancer (EC) and promotes its progression. Mechanistically, PADI2‐catalyzed MEK1 citrullination at arginine 113 and 189 promotes MEK1 on ERK1/2 phosphorylation, leading to an increase of insulin‐like growth factor‐II binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) expression. Aberrant activation of IGF2BP1 stabilizes oncogenic Sox2 mRNA, therefore supporting the malignant state of EC.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Vascular dementia (VD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease, but there is a lack of definitive treatment for VD. Acupuncture treatment is effective in improving the ...cognitive impairment and behavioral capacity of patients with VD. In recent years, more studies indicated that peripheral inflammation and abnormal peripheral immune function may aggravate neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction. However, there are few studies about the acupuncture and the abnormal peripheral immune function of VD. Also, few studies concern the regulating effect of acupuncture on peripheral immunity of patients with VD.
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the "sanjiao" acupuncture method on peripheral immunity of patients with mild to moderate VD.
A total of 30 patients with VD were involved in the acupuncture group (AG), which was treated with the "sanjiao" acupuncture method once a day for six times a week and lasted for 12 weeks, and 30 healthy elderly people were assigned to the normal group (NG), which had no treatment. The distribution of lymphocyte subsets and the levels of some inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of subjects were evaluated using the flow cytometry (FCM) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
A total of 60 subjects were involved in this study, while 58 subjects completed the entire trial. Before treatment, the levels of CD3
T, CD4
T cells, CD4
/CD8
, Tregs, B cells, IFN-γ, and IL-10 in patients with VD were significantly decreased compared with the normal group (all
< 0.05 or
< 0.01). The level of TNF-α in peripheral blood of patients with VD was significantly increased (
< 0.01). After acupuncture treatment, the levels of CD3
T, CD4
T cells, and IFN-γ were significantly increased (all
< 0.05 or
< 0.01). The level of TNF-α was significantly decreased (
< 0.01). The proportion of Tregs was increased (
< 0.01), but it was still lower than that of the normal group (
< 0.05).
The acupuncture method can increase the proportion of CD3
, CD4
T cells, and Tregs in peripheral blood of patients with VD. And, it reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α, which achieves the anti-inflammatory effects and immunostimulation. It suggests that acupuncture can improve the peripheral immune dysfunction of patients with VD by regulating the distribution of lymphocyte subsets and the levels of inflammatory cytokines.
www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR-IOR-17012052.
Objective
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of acupuncture on peripheral immune function, inflammation, and cognitive impairment in vascular dementia (VD) rats.
Methods
In this study, ...2-month-old healthy male Wistar rats (260–280 g) were assigned to the groups as follows: normal group (Gn,
n
= 10), sham-operated group (Gs,
n
= 10), and operated group (Go,
n
= 45). The Go group was established by permanent, bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). Two months after operation, the operated rats were screened by hidden platform trial and the rats with cognitive dysfunction were further randomly divided into impaired group (Gi), acupoint group (Ga), and non-acupoint group (Gna) with 10 rats in each group. The Ga group was given acupuncture treatment for 14 days with a rest for every 7 days. After treatment, the Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to evaluate the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats. The lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and spleen of rats were measured by flow cytometry. The levels of cytokines i.e., interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (INF-γ), chemokines (i.e., macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2)), and other inflammatory mediators (i.e., cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)) in peripheral blood and hippocampus were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results
Compared with the Gn group, the Gi rats presented long escape latencies to find the platform. After acupuncture treatment, the escape latencies of the Ga group were rescued markedly when compared with the Gi group (
P
< 0.05). The proportion of CD4 + T lymphocytes in both spleen and peripheral blood in the Ga group increased (
P
< 0.05) in comparison with the Gi group. There is an obvious reduction in IL-1β (
P
< 0.05), IL-2 (
P
< 0.05), TNF-α (
P
< 0.01), INF-γ (
P
< 0.01), MIP-2 (
P
< 0.05), and iNOS (
P
< 0.01), coming along with the increased levels of IL-4 and IL-10 (
P
< 0.01) in the Ga group when compared with the Gi group. In addition, the hippocampus proinflammatory factors IL-1β (
P
< 0.01), IL-2 (
P
< 0.01), TNF-α (
P
< 0.05), INF-γ (
P
< 0.05), MIP-2 (
P
< 0.05), iNOS (
P
< 0.01), and COX-2 decreased in the Ga group, whereas the anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10 (
P
< 0.01) increased.
Conclusion
There are abnormal immune function and peripheral inflammation in VD rats. Acupuncture can regulate the peripheral immune function and inflammation of the VD rats and can improve the cognitive dysfunction of the rats.
This paper proposes a design scheme for chest X-ray images analysis by using embedded technology and deep learning technology. The hardware platform of the analysis system using NIVIDIA′s Jetson TX2 ...as the core board, equipped with Ethernet modules, WiFi modules and other functional modules. It uses the MobileNets convolutional neural network on GPU server to train the marked chest X-ray image dataset then transplants the trained model to the Jetson TX2 core board, detecting the symptoms of pleural effusion, infiltration, emphysema, pneumothorax and atelectasis on the embedded platform. The chest X-ray image data provided by the National Institutes of Health(NIH) were tested in the trained model. Experiments have shown that this method gets higher accuracy and requires less time than other methods.
Vehicle rollover has always been a highly dangerous condition that can cause severe traffic casualties. In this work, a 14-degree-of-freedom vehicle model in MATLAB/Simulink is constructed with the ...vehicle suspension system dynamics. The validity of the model is verified by comparing with the CarSim model. Then an optimal distribution of damping force strategy with continuous damping control is proposed by combining the traditional lateral load transfer ratio control with optimized equations of suspension damping force. The damping force compensation of the left and right sides is the core of the optimal distribution of damping force strategy. The effectiveness and optimization effect of the optimal distribution of damping force strategy is proved by the simulation results under the fishhook and crosswind tests. The result shows that continuous damping control has evident control effects on vehicle rollover compared with passive suspension. The optimal distribution of the damping force strategy with continuous damping control has a great better performance than traditional continuous damping control, and it provides a certain assistance to vehicle handling stability.
With the rise of deep learning in recent years, it has made major breakthroughs in machine learning fields such as target detection, image classification, speech recognition, and natural language ...processing. Among them, convolutional neural networks are widely used in deep learning. Since the emergence of VGGNet, neural networks have gradually developed deeper and the network has become deeper. This not only increases the demand for operating memory and running memory, but also greatly increases the amount of computation. The requirements for hardware platform resources are getting higher and higher. Therefore, it is particularly difficult to apply deep learning to embedded platforms. In this paper, by pruning the model, the trained network model is compressed, the unimportant parameters are eliminated, the model is reduced, and the computational complexity of the network is reduced. The deep learning will be applied to the embedded platform.
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