dng1 is a Dictyostelium homologue of the mammalian tumor suppressor ING gene. DNG1 protein localizes in the nucleus, and has a highly conserved PHD finger domain found in chromatin-remodeling ...proteins. Both dng1 disruption and overexpression impaired cell proliferation. In dng1-null cells, the progression of differentiation was delayed in a cell-density-dependent manner, and many tiny aggregates were formed. Exogenously applied cAMP pulses reversed the inhibitory effect caused by dng1 disruption on the aggregation during early development, but formation of tiny aggregates was not restored. dng1-overexpressing cells acquired the ability to undergo chemotaxis to cAMP earlier and exhibited enhanced differentiation. These phenotypes were found to be coupled with altered expressions of early genes such as cAMP receptor 1 (car1) and contact site A (csA). Furthermore, disordered histone modifications were demonstrated in dng1-null cells. These results suggest a regulatory role of dng1 in the transition of cells from growth to differentiation.
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EMUNI, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
We have investigated the electronic structure of K0.5CoO2 in the metallic phase by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy at a low temperature. An observed Fermi surface of ...K0.5CoO2 was a large hexagonal one around the Γ point only, with no hole pockets on the Γ–K lines which was typically predicted by band-structure calculations with local-density approximation (LDA). We also found that a modulation of the Fermi velocity, which was the largest at K point and the smallest at M point, was again opposite to the prediction by LDA band-theory. In spite of this conflicting with LDA band-theory, our results are both in agreement with what was observed in NaxCoO2.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Indications for the production of a neutral excited hyperon in the reaction pp{yields}pK{sup +}Y{sup 0}* are observed in an experiment performed with the ANKE spectrometer at COSY-Juelich at p{sub ...beam}=3.65 GeV/c. Two final states were investigated simultaneously, viz. Y{sup 0}*{yields}{pi}{sup +}X{sup -} and {pi}{sup -}X{sup +}, and consistent results were obtained in spite of the quite different experimental conditions. The parameters of the hyperon state are M(Y{sup 0}*)=(1480{+-}15) MeV/c{sup 2} and {gamma}(Y{sup 0}*)=(60{+-}15) MeV/c{sup 2}. The production cross section for Y{sup 0}* decaying through these channels is of the order of few hundred nanobarns. Since the isospin of the Y{sup 0}* has not been determined here, it could either be an observation of the {sigma}(1480), a one-star resonance of the Particle Data Group tables, or, alternatively, a {lambda} hyperon. Relativistic quark models for the baryon spectrum do not predict any excited hyperon in this mass range and so the Y{sup 0}* may be of exotic nature.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
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Blockade of undesired neutrophil migration to sites of inflammation remains an area of substantial pharmaceutical interest. To effect this blockade, a validated therapeutic target is ...antagonism of the chemokine receptor CXCR2. Herein we report the discovery of 6-(2-boronic acid-5-trifluoromethoxy-benzylsulfanyl)-N-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-nicotinamide 6, an antagonist with activity at both CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors (IC50 values 31 and 21nM, respectively). Compound 6 exhibited potent inhibition of neutrophil influx in a rat model of pulmonary inflammation, and is hypothesized to interact with a unique intracellular binding site on CXCR2. Compound 6 (SX-576) is undergoing further investigation as a potential therapy for pulmonary inflammation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The methane adsorption of water-preadsorbed carbons of different micropore widths w at 303 K was measured. Although the amount of adsorption of supercritical methane on microporous carbon at 303 K ...was less than 9.4 mg g-1 at 101 kPa, the presence of the preadsorbed water enhanced noticeably the methane adsorption at 303 K even under subatmospheric pressure. The adsorption increment of methane reached a maximum at 1−2 h after introduction of methane and decreased gradually to a steady value after 20−50 h. The adsorption increment of methane depended on the fractional filling φw of micropores by the preadsorbed water. The maximum increment of 110 mg g-1 for w = 1.1 nm at a methane pressure of 2.6 kPa was obtained at φw = 0.34, corresponding to the estimated adsorption amount at 21 MPa of methane (130 mg g-1). The methane-adsorption increment increased linearly with φw until φw = 0.35, indicating the formation of the stable methane−water clathrate of which the composition of methane to water is 1:2. Thus, the nano-order hydrates of methane should be formed in the micropore. The plausible model of the nanohydrate was proposed on the basis of the experimental results and simulation of methane adsorption.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) play an important role in peritoneal functions. During long term peritoneal dialysis, it has been reported that HPMCs are damaged by high glucose solution ...via the signal of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 produced by HPMCs. In this study, we focused on the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), known as an anti-fibrotic and anti-TGF-beta1 agent, on HPMCs damaged by high glucose solution. HPMCs were isolated from specimens of the omentum from nonuremic patients after informed consent had been obtained. After confirming adhesion for 6 hours, 100 microL of DMEM with 0.5%FCS were added at different concentrations (D-glucose; 6, 30 mM) with or without HGF (10, 30, 100 ng/mL) for 48 hours. We examined the effects of a high concentration of glucose and then focused on following four critical points: 1) the production of HGF from HPMCs exposed to a high concentration of glucose, 2) the expression of c-Met on HPMCs, 3) the viability of those cells, and 4) matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2). The following significant changes are described herein: high glucose solution and TGF-beta1 i) decreased HGF production from HPMCs and ii) up-regulated expression of c-Met on HPMCs, and addition of HGF iii) restored viability of HPMCs damaged by glucose, iv) suppressed TGF-beta1 production by HGF, and v) induced up-regulation of MMP-2 and decreased TIMP-2 production by HPMCs. Levels of HGF decreased by high concentrations of glucose in the peritoneal cavity may induce the loss of HPMCs and thereby result in peritoneal fibrosis. These results suggest that HGF is an effective agent in the regeneration of peritoneal membrane damaged by high glucose solution.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of the commercial austenitic stainless steels, Type 304 and Type 316 (UNS S30400 and UNS S31600), has been investigated in acidic solutions to verify ...whether or not a parameter for prediction of time to failure can be identified for the three different SCC methods (constant load, constant strain, and slow strain rate technique SSRT), so that the parameter is linear vs time to failure. The parameter for the constant load method has been already found to be the steady-state elongation rate (l˙SS). For the constant strain method, the slope of a linear part in a stress relaxation curve (stress vs time), which is termed a stress relaxation rate (σ˙ = dσ/dt), was identified as the parameter for predicting time to failure. For SSRT, the parameter was the ratio of a maximum stress in a corrosive environment to that in an inert one from stress-strain curve. Both l˙SS and σ˙ could be obtained at a time within 10% to 20% of time to failure, while the ratio of the maximum stress was obtained at a time of 20% to 80% of time to failure, depending upon strain rate. Furthermore, with regard to the evaluation of SCC susceptibility for Type 304 and Type 316 stainless steels, the three SCC methods showed the same result; that is, Type 304 was more susceptible to SCC than Type 316. On the basis of the results thus obtained, the most plant-relevant parameter was concluded to be the steady-state elongation rate in constant load tests.
Photoallergic dermatitis, caused by pharmaceuticals and other consumer products, is a very important issue in human health. However, S10 guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization do ...not recommend the existing prediction methods for photoallergy because of their low predictability in human cases. We applied local lymph node assay (LLNA), a reliable, quantitative skin sensitization prediction test, to develop a new photoallergy prediction method. This method involves a three‐step approach: (1) ultraviolet (UV) absorption analysis; (2) determination of no observed adverse effect level for skin phototoxicity based on LLNA; and (3) photoallergy evaluation based on LLNA. Photoallergic potential of chemicals was evaluated by comparing lymph node cell proliferation among groups treated with chemicals with minimal effect levels of skin sensitization and skin phototoxicity under UV irradiation (UV+) or non‐UV irradiation (UV−). A case showing significant difference (P < .05) in lymph node cell proliferation rates between UV− and UV+ groups was considered positive for photoallergic reaction. After testing 13 chemicals, seven human photoallergens tested positive and the other six, with no evidence of causing photoallergic dermatitis or UV absorption, tested negative. Among these chemicals, both doxycycline hydrochloride and minocycline hydrochloride were tetracycline antibiotics with different photoallergic properties, and the new method clearly distinguished between the photoallergic properties of these chemicals. These findings suggested high predictability of our method; therefore, it is promising and effective in predicting human photoallergens.
New photoallergy prediction method based on local lymph node assay was examined. This method involves a three‐step approach: (1) ultraviolet absorption analysis; (2) determination of no observed adverse effect level for skin phototoxicity; and (3) photoallergy evaluation based on local lymph node assay. Consequently, seven human photoallergens tested positive and six chemicals with no evidence of causing photoallergic dermatitis or ultraviolet absorption tested negative. These findings suggested high predictability of our method for photoallergic potentials of chemicals.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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