Neste estudo, pelo método de geopolimerização, produziu-se uma cerâmica alternativa utilizando como matéria-prima lodo de estação de tratamento de água (ETA). Primeiramente, esse resíduo foi seco, ...moído, peneirado e calcinado, sendo caracterizado antes e após tais procedimentos. Com o lodo de ETA devidamente calcinado, a 750 °C por 4 h, produziu-se um geopolímero. Esse material, em estado endurecido, é semelhante a certos tipos de cerâmicas. Os corpos de prova geopoliméricos produzidos foram curados à temperatura ambiente durante 1, 7 e 28 dias. Após a cura, foram caracterizados por meio de difração de raios X, fluorescência de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e resistência à compressão axial. Curado à temperatura ambiente, o geopolímero atingiu, em média, 20 MPa em apenas 1 dia de idade e 60 MPa aos 28 dias. Constatou-se, portanto, que lodos de ETA podem ser utilizados no desenvolvimento de materiais cerâmicos de elevada resistência mecânica. Com base nos resultados obtidos, sugere-se que o geopolímero produzido possa ser aprimorado e incorporado pelas indústrias de cerâmicas estruturais. O processo adotado, além do baixo consumo energético, mostrou-se uma excelente opção para a destinação de lodos de ETA.
Apolipoprotein(apo) E deficiency is an inherited disease characterized by type III hyperlipoproteinemia and less than 1% normal plasma apoE concentration. The role of apoE in LDL metabolism was ...investigated by quantitating the metabolism of radiolabeled normal and apoE-deficient LDL in both normal and apoE-deficient subjects. ApoE deficiency resulted in an accumulation of plasma IDL, and a decreased synthesis of LDL consistent with a block in the conversion of IDL to LDL. The LDL isolated from the apoE-deficient patient was similar to normal LDL in hydrated density, size, and composition. However, the apoE-deficient LDL was kinetically abnormal with delayed catabolism in both normal subjects and the apoE-deficient patient. In addition, the catabolism of normal LDL in the apoE-deficient subject was increased. These results were interpreted as indicating that apoE is necessary for the conversion of IDL to LDL and the formation of kinetically normal LDL. The rapid catabolism of normal LDL in the apoE-deficient patient suggests an up-regulation of the hepatic LDL receptor pathway. Based on these results, apoE is proposed to play an important role in the conversion of IDL to LDL, the formation of kinetically normal LDL, and the regulation of LDL receptor function.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
We give the calibration and scientific performance parameters of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) measured during the ground cryogenic test campaign. These parameters characterise the ...instrument response and constitute our best pre-launch knowledge of the LFI scientific performance. The LFI shows excellent \(1/f\) stability and rejection of instrumental systematic effects; measured noise performance shows that LFI is the most sensitive instrument of its kind. The set of measured calibration parameters will be updated during flight operations through the end of the mission.
An anomalous n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in plasma and erythrocyte membrane phospholipids, namely increased levels of arachidonic acid (AA), has been reported in calcium ...nephrolithiasis and has been proposed to play an important role in its pathogenesis. To confirm this, in rats we modified phospholipid AA levels by dietary manipulation of the Δ-6-desaturase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, and evaluated the effect on cellular and renal functions predisposing to lithogenesis. Increased AA levels led to conditions at risk for nephrolithiasis: higher oxalate flux and lower sodium cotransport in eryth-rocytes and a rise in urinary prostaglandin E
2, calcium, sodium, and oxalate levels; reduced AA levels reversed these changes. In vitro, in human erythrocytes the incorporation of exogenous AA into membranes increased band 3 protein phosphorylation directly activating the Ser/Thr protein kinase CK1 and induced a parallel raise in band 3–mediated oxalate transport. These findings demonstrate the pivotal role of phospholipid AA in modulating erythrocyte and renal transport of calcium and oxalate. (J Lab Clin Med 2000;135:89-95)
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) is an array of 22 pseudo-correlation radiometers on-board the Planck satellite to measure temperature and polarization anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave ...Background (CMB) in three frequency bands (30, 44 and 70 GHz). To calibrate and verify the performances of the LFI, a software suite named LIFE has been developed. Its aims are to provide a common platform to use for analyzing the results of the tests performed on the single components of the instrument (RCAs, Radiometric Chain Assemblies) and on the integrated Radiometric Array Assembly (RAA). Moreover, its analysis tools are designed to be used during the flight as well to produce periodic reports on the status of the instrument. The LIFE suite has been developed using a multi-layered, cross-platform approach. It implements a number of analysis modules written in RSI IDL, each accessing the data through a portable and heavily optimized library of functions written in C and C++. One of the most important features of LIFE is its ability to run the same data analysis codes both using ground test data and real flight data as input. The LIFE software suite has been successfully used during the RCA/RAA tests and the Planck Integrated System Tests. Moreover, the software has also passed the verification for its in-flight use during the System Operations Verification Tests, held in October 2008.
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